scholarly journals A novel explanation of the psycho-religious mechanism behind suicide bombers and implications for dealing with terrorism

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quan-Hoang Vuong ◽  
Tam-Tri Le ◽  
Hong-Kong T. Nguyen ◽  
Nguyen Thanh Thanh Huyen ◽  
Minh-Hoang Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
University Students ◽  
Bayesian Analysis ◽  
Religious Leaders ◽  
Logical Framework ◽  
Suicide Bombers ◽  
Detailed Explanation

The current study explores the psycho-religious mechanism behind the suicide bombers by examining deeper into the suicidal ideation process. Bayesian analysis was performed on a multinational dataset of 268 university students in Japan. The results suggest that: (i) within religious students, those with a higher sense of connectedness tend to have lower suicidal ideation compared to those with a lower sense of connectedness. ; and (ii) within students who are more likely to seek help from religious leaders, those with a higher sense of connectedness tend to have lower suicidal ideation compared to those with a lower sense of connectedness. These findings suggest a complex psycho-religious mechanism of suicidal ideation.This manuscript is the first version of the study describing the logical framework and results of the study. Despite lacking many vital components, such as literature review, detailed explanation, and discussion of the results, we expect early reporting study’s results to provide a valuable way for understanding complex psycho-religious mechanisms behind the suicide bombers. More completed versions will be updated afterward.

scholarly journals The psycho-religious mechanism behind suicide attacks: a mindsponge-based Bayesian statistical investigation and implications for the post-9/11 world

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quan-Hoang Vuong ◽  
Tam-Tri Le ◽  
Minh-Hoang Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Statistical Investigation ◽  
Religious Leaders ◽  
Logical Framework ◽  
Thought Processes ◽  
Suicide Bombers ◽  
Related Information ◽  
Detailed Explanation ◽  
The World ◽  
Suicide Attacks

Regarding suicide, all major religions in the world share the principles of valuing and supporting life while respecting the dead. Many followers trust in religious teachings of mortality which promote peace and altruism. However, distorted extremists take advantage of such trust to recruit members for terroristic purposes through their propaganda. The current study explores the psycho-religious mechanism behind the suicide attacks by examining deeper into the suicidal ideation process. Bayesian analysis was performed on a multinational dataset of 268 university students in Japan. The results suggest that: (i) within religious students, those with a higher sense of connectedness tend to have lower suicidal ideation compared to those with a lower sense of connectedness. ; and (ii) within students who are more likely to seek help from religious leaders, those with a higher sense of connectedness tend to have lower suicidal ideation compared to those with a lower sense of connectedness. These findings suggest a complex psycho-religious mechanism of suicidal ideation.The results of conducted analyses are only for supporting the theorization of the mechanism of suicide-related information processing and in no way dealing with extremists’ thought processes (e.g., suicide bombers). The proposed mechanism explains how religious people may be at risk of being exploited by extremists. This manuscript is the fourth version of the study describing the logical framework and results of the study. Despite lacking many vital components, such as literature review, detailed explanation, and discussion of the results, we expect early reporting study’s results to provide a valuable way for understanding complex psycho-religious mechanisms behind the suicide bombers. More completed versions will be updated afterward.

Uncharted Territory

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Courtney Freer
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Arabian Peninsula ◽  
Academic Work ◽  
Political Islam ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Social Policies ◽  
Detailed Explanation ◽  
Rentier States ◽  
The Way

This introductory chapter outlines where and how this book contributes original research to the existing scholarship on politics of rentier states in the Arabian Peninsula, as well as the academic work on political Islam through a brief literature review. This book will demonstrate that political Islam serves as a prominent voice critiquing social policies, as well as promoting more strictly political, and often populist or reformist, views supported by a great many Gulf citizens. As laid out in this chapter, this book demonstrates that the way that Islamist organizations operate in the unique environment of the super-rentiers is distinct. It also presents information about the methodology and sources used, as well as a detailed explanation for the use of country cases chosen. The chapter closes by describing the format of the book.

scholarly journals Prevalence of suicidal behavior in young university students: A systematic review with meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marília de Oliveira Crispim ◽  
Cândida Maria Rodrigues dos Santos ◽  
Iracema da Silva Frazão ◽  
Cecília Maria Farias de Queiroz Frazão ◽  
Rossana Carla Rameh de Albuquerque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
University Students ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Theses And Dissertations

Objective: to identify the prevalence of suicidal behavior in young university students. Method: a systematic review with meta-analysis of cross-sectional studies based on the Joanna Briggs Institute proposal, and carried out in the PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, PsycINFO and LILACS databases and in the Brazilian Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations, with no language or year restrictions. A total of 2,942 publications were identified. Selection, data extraction and methodological evaluation of the studies were performed by two independent researchers. The meta-analysis was performed considering the random effects model. Results: eleven articles were included in this review. The prevalence variation for suicidal ideation was from 9.7% to 58.3% and, for attempted suicide, it was from 0.7% to 14.7%. The meta-analysis showed a 27.1% prevalence for suicidal ideation in life, 14.1% for ideation in the last year, and 3.1% for attempted suicide in life. Conclusion: the high prevalence of suicidal behavior, even with the considerable heterogeneity of the studies, raises the need to implement interventions aimed at preventing suicide and promoting mental health, especially in the academic environment.

scholarly journals Childhood trauma and suicidal ideation among Chinese university students: the mediating effect of Internet addiction and school bullying victimisation

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Lu ◽  
ShengYan Jian ◽  
Min Dong ◽  
Jie Gao ◽  
TianTian Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
University Students ◽  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Internet Addiction ◽  
School Bullying ◽  
Chinese University ◽  
Chinese University Students ◽  
Bullying Victimisation ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Aims The factors associated with suicidal ideation among adolescents have been extensively characterised, but the mechanisms underlying the complexities of the relationship between experiences of childhood trauma and suicidal ideation have been less studied. This study examined the direct effect of childhood trauma on suicidal ideation on the one hand and whether school bullying victimisation and Internet addiction mediate the association between childhood trauma and suicidal ideation on the other hand. Methods This school-based mental health survey was carried out in Qinghai Province in Northwest China in December 2019. We employed standardised questionnaires to collect sociodemographic and target mental health outcomes. Hierarchical multiple logistic regression and structural equation modelling were performed for the data analyses. Results This study included 5864 university students. The prevalence of lifetime suicidal ideation and Internet addiction were 34.7% and 21.4%, respectively. Overall, 16.4% and 11.4% of participants reported experiences of childhood trauma and school bullying victimisation, respectively. There were direct effects of childhood trauma, school bullying victimisation and Internet addiction on suicidal ideation. The total effect of childhood trauma on suicidal ideation was 0.201 (p < 0.001). School bullying victimisation and Internet addiction mediated the relationship between childhood trauma and suicidal ideation. Internet addiction played a mediating role between school bullying and suicidal ideation. Conclusions Childhood trauma had both direct and indirect effects on suicidal ideation; these effects were mediated by school bullying victimisation and Internet addiction in Chinese university students. Elucidating these relationships will therefore be useful in developing and implementing more targeted interventions and strategies to improve the mental well-being of Chinese university students.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Predisposing Factors of Suicidal Ideation Among the University Students in Bangladesh: A Single-Site Survey

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed A. Mamun ◽  
Istihak Rayhan ◽  
Khaleda Akter ◽  
Mark D. Griffiths
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
University Students ◽  
Smartphone Application ◽  
Depression Anxiety Stress Scale ◽  
The Past ◽  
Site Survey ◽  
Facebook Addiction ◽  
The University ◽  
Suicide Prevention Programs

Abstract Recently, suicide among Bangladeshi university students has become a serious problem. However, to date, there have been no studies assessing suicidal behaviors among Bangladeshi students. Therefore, the present study investigated suicidal ideation (SI) and its risk factors among this population. A classroom-based convenience sampling method was utilized to survey 665 students of a university in Bangladesh (67.5% males; aged 21.16 years: SD ± 1.6). In addition to socio-demographic questions, the survey also included the Smartphone Application-Based Addiction Scale, Bergen Facebook Addiction Scale, and Depression Anxiety Stress Scale–21. Results showed that the prevalence of suicidal ideation was 2.3% in the past 24 h, 4.8% in the past 15 days, 6.9% in the past month, 14.7% in the past year, and 61.1% in the lifetime. The unadjusted regression model showed that being divorced (or separated) from a partner (OR = 4.486, 95% CI = 1.972–10.207, p < 0.0001), Facebook addiction (OR = 1.550, 95% CI = 1.006–2.388, p = 0.047), depression (OR = 1.657, 95% CI = 1.677–4.211, p < 0.0001), anxiety (OR = 2.649, 95% CI = 1.624–4.320, p < 0.0001), and stress (OR = 2.626, 95% CI = 1.673–4.122, p < 0.0001) were the risk factors of past-year SI. Compared with global prevalence rates, the present study reported higher levels of SI prevalence. Therefore, supportive suicide prevention programs are needed to tackle SI and alongside comorbid psychopathology.

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