scholarly journals In situ oxygen isotope micro-analysis of faunal material and human teeth using a SHRIMP II: a new tool for palaeo-ecology and archaeology

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxime Aubert ◽  
Ian Williams ◽  
Katarina Sporcic ◽  
Ian Moffat ◽  
Marie-Hélène Moncel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Isotope ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
High Spatial Resolution ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Tooth Enamel ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Time Averaging ◽  
Isotopic Analyses ◽  
Conventional Methods

A Sensitive High Resolution Ion MicroProbe (SHRIMP II) has been used to make high spatial resolution in situ micro-analyses of oxygen isotopes in fish otoliths, and teeth from fossil herbivores and a Neanderthal. Large intra-tooth variations in the oxygen isotopic composition (up to 9&) were observed in the enamel of herbivores from the Neanderthal fossil site of Payre, consistent with preservation of seasonal cyclicity. The range of isotopic compositions observed in Neanderthal tooth enamel was much smaller (w3&), possibly the result of a longer enamel maturation time averaging out variability. An archaeological otolith from a Preceramic site in Northern Peru exhibited marked changes in δ18O over life, due either to the fish occasionally migrating from the sea to a lower salinity habitat, or to short-lived rises in sea water temperature. A fish otolith from Australia’s Willandra Lakes World Heritage Area showed clear seasonal variations, but also a general trend towards isotopically heavier and more saline water, as indicated by higher δ18O and Sr/Ca values resulting from increased evaporation. The results of these case studies are compared to results of oxygen isotope analysis using more conventional methods and demonstrate the ability of the SHRIMP II to provide precise high spatial resolution in-situ oxygen isotope analyses of a variety of biogenic materials. This approach has major advantages over conventional methods. It can provide rapid, micro-scale isotopic analyses of sub-permil precision without the need for chemical preparation of the sample.

scholarly journals Triple Oxygen Isotope Measurements by Multi-Collector Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nordine Bouden ◽  
Johan Villeneuve ◽  
Yves Marrocchi ◽  
Etienne Deloule ◽  
Evelyn Füri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Oxygen Isotope ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Small Radius ◽  
Large Radius ◽  
Ion Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Secondary Ion ◽  
Isotope Measurements

Secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) is a powerful technique for in situ triple oxygen isotope measurements that has been used for more than 30 years. Since pioneering works performed on small-radius ion microprobes in the mid-80s, tremendous progress has been made in terms of analytical precision, spatial resolution and analysis duration. In this respect, the emergence in the mid-90s of the large-radius ion microprobe equipped with a multi-collector system (MC-SIMS) was a game changer. Further developments achieved on CAMECA MC-SIMS since then (e.g., stability of the electronics, enhanced transmission of secondary ions, automatic centering of the secondary ion beam, enhanced control of the magnetic field, 1012Ω resistor for the Faraday cup amplifiers) allow nowadays to routinely measure oxygen isotopic ratios (18O/16O and 17O/16O) in various matrices with a precision (internal error and reproducibility) better than 0.5‰ (2σ), a spatial resolution smaller than 10 µm and in a few minutes per analysis. This paper focuses on the application of the MC-SIMS technique to the in situ monitoring of mass-independent triple oxygen isotope variations.

In Situ Isotopic Analysis of Uraninite Microstructures from the Oklo-Okélobondo Natural Fission Reactors, Gabon

2002 ◽  
Vol 713 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mostafa Fayek ◽  
Keld A. Jensen ◽  
Rodney C. Ewing ◽  
Lee R. Riciputi
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Spent Nuclear Fuel ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Ionization Mass ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Chain Reactions ◽  
Isotopic Analyses ◽  
Fission Reactors

ABSTRACTUranium deposits can provide important information on the long-term performance of radioactive waste forms because uraninite (UO2+X) is similar to the UO2 in spent nuclear fuel. The Oklo-Okélobondo U-deposits, Gabon, serve as natural laboratory where the long-term (hundreds to billions of years) migration of uranium and other radionuclides can be studied over large spatial scales (nm to km). The natural fission reactors associated with the Oklo- Okélobondo U-deposits occur over a range of depths (100 to 400 m) and provide a unique opportunity to study the behavior of uraninite in near surface oxidizing environments versus more reducing conditions at depth. Previously, it has been difficult to constrain the timing of interaction between U-rich minerals and post-depositional fluids. These problems are magnified because uraninite is susceptible to alteration, it continuously self-anneals radiation damage, and because these processes are manifested at the nm to μm scale. Uranium, lead and oxygen isotopes can be used to study fluid-uraninite interaction, provided that the analyses are obtained on the micro-scale. Secondary ionization mass spectrometry (SIMS) permits in situ measurement of isotopic ratios with a spatial resolution on the scale of a few μm. Preliminary U-Pb results show that uraninite from all reactor zones are highly discordant with ages aaproaching the timing of fission chain reactions (1945±50 Ma) and resetting events at 1180±47 Ma and 898±46 Ma. Oxygen isotopic analyses show that uraninite from reactors that occur in near surface environments (δ18O= −14.4‰ to −8.5‰) have reacted more extensively with groundwater of meteoric origin relative to reactors located at greater depths (μ18O= −10.2‰ to −7.3‰). This study emphasizes the importance of using in situ high spatial resolution analysis techniques for natural analogue studies.

In situ measurement of redox sensitive solutes at high spatial resolution in a riverbed using Diffusive Equilibrium in Thin Films (DET)

2012 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 18-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sami Ullah ◽  
Hao Zhang ◽  
A. Louise Heathwaite ◽  
Andrew Binley ◽  
Katrina Lansdown ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
High Spatial Resolution ◽  
In Situ Measurement

High spatial resolution in situ U–Pb dating using laser ablation multiple ion counting inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-MIC-ICP-MS)

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 975-986 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lie-Wen Xie ◽  
Jin-Hui Yang ◽  
Qing-Zhu Yin ◽  
Yue-Heng Yang ◽  
Jing-Bo Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
High Spatial Resolution ◽  
Zircon Age ◽  
Analytical Technique ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Rapid Measurement ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry

A new LA-MIC-ICP-MS analytical technique has been developed for the rapid measurement of 206Pb/238U zircon age (<1%, 2s) at a high spatial resolution. We show that this technique can be routinely employed to date U–Pb in small and/or complex zircons, providing a powerful tool for geochronology.

scholarly journals HOLIMO II: a digital holographic instrument for ground-based in-situ observations of microphysical properties of mixed-phase clouds

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 4183-4221 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Henneberger ◽  
J. P. Fugal ◽  
O. Stetzer ◽  
U. Lohmann
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
High Spatial Resolution ◽  
Mixed Phase ◽  
Size Spectrum ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Resolution Limit ◽  
Microphysical Properties ◽  
Cloud Particles ◽  
Mixed Phase Clouds

Abstract. Measurements of the microphysical properties of mixed-phase clouds with high spatial resolution are important to understand the processes inside these clouds. This work describes the design and characterization of the newly developed ground-based field instrument HOLIMO II (HOLographic Imager for Microscopic Objects II). HOLIMO II uses digital in-line holography to in-situ image cloud particles in a well defined sample volume. By an automated algorithm, two-dimensional images of single cloud particles between 6 and 250 μm in diameter are obtained and the size spectrum, the concentration and water content of clouds are calculated. By testing the sizing algorithm with monosized beads a systematic overestimation near the resolution limit was found, which has been used to correct the measurements. Field measurements from the high altitude research station Jungfraujoch, Switzerland, are presented. The measured number size distributions are in good agreement with parallel measurements by a fog monitor (FM-100, DMT, Boulder USA). The field data shows that HOLIMO II is capable of measuring the number size distribution with a high spatial resolution and determines ice crystal shape, thus providing a method of quantifying variations in microphysical properties. A case study over a period of 8 h has been analyzed, exploring the transition from a liquid to a mixed-phase cloud, which is the longest observation of a cloud with a holographic device. During the measurement period, the cloud does not completely glaciate, contradicting earlier assumptions of the dominance of the Wegener–Bergeron–Findeisen (WBF) process.

scholarly journals Embedded Micro-detectors for EUV Exposure Control in FinFET CMOS Technology

2022 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chien-Ping Wang ◽  
Burn Jeng Lin ◽  
Pin-Jiun Wu ◽  
Jiaw-Ren Shih ◽  
Yue-Der Chih ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
High Spatial Resolution ◽  
Cmos Technology ◽  
Exposure Control ◽  
Storage Node ◽  
Cmos Compatibility ◽  
Time And Energy ◽  
Non Destructive

AbstractAn on-wafer micro-detector for in situ EUV (wavelength of 13.5 nm) detection featuring FinFET CMOS compatibility, 1 T pixel and battery-less sensing is demonstrated. Moreover, the detection results can be written in the in-pixel storage node for days, enabling off-line and non-destructive reading. The high spatial resolution micro-detectors can be used to extract the actual parameters of the incident EUV on wafers, including light intensity, exposure time and energy, key to optimization of lithographic processes in 5 nm FinFET technology and beyond.

scholarly journals High spatial resolution analysis of Pb and U isotopes for geochronology by laser ablation multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-MC-ICP-MS)

2009 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernhard Bühn ◽  
Márcio M. Pimentel ◽  
Massimo Matteini ◽  
Elton L. Dantas
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Laser Ablation ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
High Spatial Resolution ◽  
Isotopic Ratios ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Isotopic Analyses ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry

Age determinations using the 235U and 238U radioactive decay series to the daughter isotopes 207Pb and 206Pb, respectively, using the mineral zircon (ZrSiO4), are widely used to decipher geological processes. A new method developed in the last couple of years, the laser ablation multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-MC-ICP-MS), overcomes previous laborious sample preparation, and yields isotopic ratios and age data with a high spatial resolution of ten of microns. The present study describes the analytical set-up and data reduction process as presently applied at the Laboratory for Geochronology of the University of Brasília. It explores the precision and accuracy of the method by cross-analysing three international zircon standards. We arrive at a precision of 1.9 to 3.7% (2σ SD) and an accuracy of 0.6 to 3.8% (2σ SD) for and U isotopic ratios of the standards. We also apply the method to two natural zircon samples, which have previously been dated by other analytical methods. A comparison of the results show a good conformity of the age data,being whitin the error limits. The data demonstrate the great analytical potential of the method for rapid, precise and accurate U-Pb isotopic analyses on the micron scale.

High spatial resolution ZnO scintillator for an in situ imaging device in EUV region

2014 ◽  
Vol 36 (12) ◽  
pp. 2012-2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ren Arita ◽  
Tomoharu Nakazato ◽  
Toshihiko Shimizu ◽  
Kohei Yamanoi ◽  
Melvin John Fernandez Empizo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
High Spatial Resolution ◽  
Imaging Device ◽  
In Situ Imaging
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