scholarly journals Attitude importance, more than extremity, predicts costly intergroup behavior

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua S. Cetron ◽  
Onyul Haque ◽  
Patrick Mair ◽  
Mina Cikara
Keyword(s):  
Social Group ◽  
Racial Justice ◽  
Charitable Donation ◽  
Social Justice Movements ◽  
Attitude Importance ◽  
Majority Group ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Justice Movements ◽  
Group Valence ◽  
Intergroup Behavior

Which features of attitudes toward minoritized racial out-groups best predict majority-group members’ costly behaviors? Social attitudes research has typically measured the extremity of social group valence—ranging from negative to positive—to predict intergroup behavior, assuming that people with more extreme evaluations toward social out-groups will engage more in behaviors that affect those out-groups. But this assumption is simplistic: many people make strongly-valenced statements—e.g., posting a message in support of racial justice on social media—without engaging in corresponding actions—e.g., participating in a racial justice protest. To explain this disconnect, we investigate an additional feature of social group attitudes, subjective attitude importance, as a competing predictor of engagement in costly intergroup behaviors. Across three studies, we find that when White respondents rate their attitudes toward minoritized racial out-groups as more important to them, they are more likely to give up money in order to prevent prejudiced norm signaling (Study 1), preserve their own reputations (Study 2), and affect a charitable donation to an ethnic out-group- supporting nonprofit (Study 3). By contrast, respondents’ attitude valence extremity was consistently a worse predictor of behavioral engagement than attitude importance. Our results suggest that including attitude importance measures in future social group attitude research would help better predict both supportive and discriminatory behaviors toward minoritized groups amid the ongoing racial and social justice movements.

Stereotypen van etnische minderheden, verbondenheid met de eigen groep, assimilatie en integratie

2007 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anneke Vrugt ◽  
Alexis Salin ◽  
Semra Room
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Minority ◽  
Ethnic Minorities ◽  
Social Group ◽  
Minority Group ◽  
Cultural Background ◽  
Ethnic Minority Group ◽  
Negative View ◽  
Majority Group ◽  
Group Members ◽  
The Relationship

Stereotypes of ethnic minorities, attachment to their own group, assimilation and integration Stereotypes of ethnic minorities, attachment to their own group, assimilation and integration A. Vrugt, A. Salin & S. Room, Gedrag & Organisatie, volume 20, September 2007, nr. 3, pp. 260-271 The present research investigated which stereotypical characteristics Dutch ethnic minority group members, based on their cultural background, attributed to their own social group and to the ethnic Dutch majority. Further it was studied to what extent the assignment of these stereotypical characteristics was related to the attachment to their own group, and whether the attachment to their own group was related to their view on integration and assimilation. The results showed that minority group participants found positive stereotypical features that are derived from collectivistic values, more characteristic of their own group than of the Dutch majority. By contrast, negative stereotypical features, being deviant from collectivistic values, were considered as more characteristic of the majority group. Furthermore, it was found that the minority group participants felt more attached to their own group than did the majority group participants. This attachment was related to the negative stereotypical features that minority group participants regarded as characteristic of the majority. Moreover, this attachment mediated the relationship between negative stereotypical features attributed to the majority and a negative view on assimilation. The implications of these results are discussed.

System Justification or Social Dominance? A Multilevel Test of the Ideological Motivators of Perceived Discrimination

2021 ◽  
pp. 014616722110360
Author(s):  
Joaquín Bahamondes ◽  
Chris G. Sibley ◽  
Danny Osborne
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Social Dominance ◽  
Perceived Discrimination ◽  
Social Dominance Orientation ◽  
System Justification ◽  
Societal Implications ◽  
Reverse Discrimination ◽  
High Status ◽  
Majority Group ◽  
Group Members

Although system-justifying beliefs often mitigate perceptions of discrimination, status-based asymmetries in the ideological motivators of perceived discrimination are unknown. Because the content and societal implications of discrimination claims are status-dependant, social dominance orientation (SDO) should motivate perceptions of (reverse) discrimination among members of high-status groups, whereas system justification should motivate the minimization of perceived discrimination among the disadvantaged. We tested these hypotheses using multilevel regressions among a nationwide random sample of New Zealand Europeans ( n = 29,169) and ethnic minorities ( n = 5,118). As hypothesized, group-based dominance correlated positively with perceived (reverse) discrimination among ethnic-majority group members, whereas system justification correlated negatively with perceived discrimination among the disadvantaged. Furthermore, the proportion of minorities within the region strengthened the victimizing effects of SDO-Dominance, but not SDO-Egalitarianism, among the advantaged. Together, these results reveal status-based asymmetries in the motives underlying perceptions of discrimination and identify a key contextual moderator of this association.

Comparability of personality test scores for immigrants and majority group members: Some dutch findings

1997 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 849-859 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan te Nijenhuis ◽  
Henk van der Flier ◽  
Liesbeth van Leeuwen
Keyword(s):  
Test Scores ◽  
Personality Test ◽  
Majority Group ◽  
Group Members

scholarly journals Whites for racial justice: How contact with Black Americans predicts support for collective action among White Americans

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 893-912 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hema Preya Selvanathan ◽  
Pirathat Techakesari ◽  
Linda R. Tropp ◽  
Fiona Kate Barlow
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Collective Action ◽  
Intergroup Contact ◽  
Black Americans ◽  
White Americans ◽  
Racial Justice ◽  
Group Efficacy ◽  
Total N ◽  
Group Members ◽  
White Guilt

Advantaged group members have an important role to play in creating social change, and intergroup contact has tremendous implications in shaping intergroup relations. However, little research has examined how intergroup contact predicts advantaged group members’ inclinations toward collective action to support the interests of disadvantaged groups. The present research investigates how contact with Black Americans shapes White Americans’ willingness to engage in collective action for racial justice and support for the Black Lives Matter movement. Three studies of White Americans (total N = 821) consistently reveal that positive contact with Black Americans predicts greater support for collective action through a sequential process of fostering greater feelings of empathy for Black Americans and anger over injustice. These findings hold even when taking into account other relevant psychological factors (i.e., White guilt and identification, negative contact, group efficacy, and moral convictions). The present research contributes to our understanding of how advantaged group members come to engage in social change efforts.

A Conceptualization Framework of Allyship: Bidirectional Allyship Between Black Heterosexual Women and White Gay Males

2021 ◽  
pp. 153270862110353
Author(s):  
Peter Scaramuzzo ◽  
Michael Bartone ◽  
Jemimah L. Young
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Black Women ◽  
White Men ◽  
Gay Males ◽  
Social Justice Movements ◽  
Discursive Analysis ◽  
Socially Constructed ◽  
Heterosexual Women ◽  
Complex Dimensions ◽  
Justice Movements

Allyship is a complicated idea laden with multiple, layered assumptions. One should not presume that allyship conceptually permeates all social justice movements. One should not presume that allyships develop to combat or dismantle a predefined socially constructed ism. A critical interrogation of allyship and allyship constructions necessitates recognition of broader, universal tenets of allyships anywhere. This must go further to embrace the nuanced, situated, dynamic, critically problematic, and complex dimensions rooted in individual lived experiences intersecting multiple marginalizations which contribute as praxis toward an actualizing of individual allyships. Although we will blur constructed distinctions as we progress, here, we endeavor to surface and deliberate upon the derivations and functions and shapes of allyships between two demographic categories, made arbitrarily distinct here for the purposes of engaging in discursive analysis: cisgender heterosexual Black women and cisgender gay White men. In short, we are proposing a way to view this allyship as bidirectional allyships, grounded in social justice frames of existing: a way to see each respective group as traveling within their own lane down a collectively traveled highway. Each traverses the space along their own course, traveling down “their own road.”

Referencing Race = Racist? Examining Perceptions of References to a Target’s Race as Offensive

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 459-481
Author(s):  
Conor J. O’Dea ◽  
Bayleigh N. Smith ◽  
Donald A. Saucier
Keyword(s):  
Social Psychology ◽  
Social Dominance ◽  
Important Implication ◽  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Total N ◽  
Marginalized Groups ◽  
Majority Group ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Linguistic Functions

We examined majority group members’ perceptions of racial slurs, compared to what we have labeled as combination terms. These combination terms possess the same semantic and pragmatic linguistic functions as racial slurs, functioning to express negative emotion toward, and to describe, a target. Across three studies (total N = 943) racial slurs were not perceived as significantly different from combination terms. We then examined whether participants higher in social dominance beliefs reported greater perceived justification for using combination terms over racial slurs because of their lack of historical denigration of marginalized groups that racial slurs have. Participants, even those higher in socially dominant attitudes, did not perceive greater justification for the use of combination terms than racial slurs. Indeed, an important implication is that race-marking, an understudied area of social psychology, paired with general derogative terms produces terms which may function similarly to racial slurs, but, fortunately, are also similarly vilified in modern society.

The future of musical theatre: An animation of a video call between collaborators, 30 September 2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joy Brooke Fairfield ◽  
Krista Knight ◽  
Barry Brinegar
Keyword(s):  
Musical Theatre ◽  
First Century ◽  
Us South ◽  
Social Justice Movements ◽  
Art Form ◽  
Gender Minorities ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Future ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Justice Movements

In the first autumn of the COVID-19 pandemic, long-time theatre collaborators in two different cities in the US South discuss the future of an art form that has currently gone dark. Influenced by punk culture, twenty-first-century internet aesthetics, social justice movements and their pets, this decade-strong creative team reflects in a multimedia format on their past work and enumerates their priorities for the future of musical theatre: cheap, remote, inexperienced, local, radical and full of women and sexual/gender minorities.

Synagogue and State in the Israeli Military: A Story of “Inappropriate Integration”

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 223-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin Carmit Yefet
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Identities ◽  
Religious Community ◽  
Minority Women ◽  
Religious Minority ◽  
Liberal Democratic ◽  
Majority Group ◽  
Minority Member ◽  
Group Members ◽  
The Military ◽  
Female Soldiers

Abstract The encounter between synagogue and state in Israel’s military context raises a variety of complex questions that defy conventional paradigms. While religious liberty continues to occupy a special place in most liberal democratic thought, the legal and philosophical literature pondering its various dimensions has largely lost analytic sight of the fascinating intersection of military and religion. This article embarks on analyzing the appropriate integration between loyalty to God and to country, and between religious male and secular female soldiers. Evaluating examples of synagogue-state tensions and accommodationist policies, this article explores the manner and extent to which the Israeli military (IDF) responds to the observant soldier’s multiple identities as a religious minority member and a faithful citizen of the larger secular polity. Against this backdrop, the article analyzes the vexed challenges posed to multicultural theory by the equivocal status of the Orthodox community as a numerical minority but “power majority” within the military, and by the IDF’s unique exercise of multiculturalist protection, termed herein “external restrictions,” imposed on majority group members. It concludes that the ongoing “religionization” of the IDF through the 2002 “Appropriate Integration” regulation has served as a powerful counterforce to gender equality, fostering a growing practice of female exclusion through which women are disenfranchised from core, non-negotiable protections of citizenship. The article identifies as the prime casualty of this aggressive multicultural accommodation not only secular women’s hard-won equality of opportunity, but also the very rights and status of minority women within their own religious community.

scholarly journals Pathogen Threat and In-group Cooperation

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hirotaka Imada ◽  
Nobuhiro Mifune
Keyword(s):  
Selection Pressure ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Cooperative Behavior ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Behavioral Immune System ◽  
Group Cooperation ◽  
Group Members ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Intergroup Behavior

Disease-causing parasites and pathogens play a pivotal role in intergroup behavior. Previous studies have suggested that the selection pressure posed by pathogen threat has resulted in in-group assortative sociality, including xenophobia and in-group favoritism. While the current literature has collated numerous studies on the former, strikingly, there has not been much research on the relationship between pathogen threat and in-group cooperation. Drawing upon prior studies on the function of the behavioral immune system (BIS), we argued that the BIS might facilitate cooperation with in-group members as a reactive behavioral immune response to pathogen threat. More specifically, we held that individuals might utilize cooperative behavior to ensure that they can receive social support when they have contracted an infectious disease. We reviewed existing findings pertaining to the potential role of the BIS in in-group cooperation and discussed directions for future studies.

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