scholarly journals Separating the impact of individual land surface properties on the terrestrial surface energy budget in both the coupled and un-coupled land-atmosphere system

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marysa Laguë ◽  
Gordon Bonan ◽  
Abigail Swann
Keyword(s):  
Surface Energy ◽  
Surface Properties ◽  
Energy Budget ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Surface Energy Budget ◽  
Atmosphere System ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Separating the Impact of Individual Land Surface Properties on the Terrestrial Surface Energy Budget in both the Coupled and Uncoupled Land–Atmosphere System

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (18) ◽  
pp. 5725-5744 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marysa M. Laguë ◽  
Gordon B. Bonan ◽  
Abigail L. S. Swann
Keyword(s):  
Surface Energy ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Surface Properties ◽  
Energy Budget ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Temperature Response ◽  
Surface Energy Budget ◽  
Evaporative Resistance ◽  
Atmospheric Feedbacks ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Changes in the land surface can drive large responses in the atmosphere on local, regional, and global scales. Surface properties control the partitioning of energy within the surface energy budget to fluxes of shortwave and longwave radiation, sensible and latent heat, and ground heat storage. Changes in surface energy fluxes can impact the atmosphere across scales through changes in temperature, cloud cover, and large-scale atmospheric circulation. We test the sensitivity of the atmosphere to global changes in three land surface properties: albedo, evaporative resistance, and surface roughness. We show the impact of changing these surface properties differs drastically between simulations run with an offline land model, compared to coupled land–atmosphere simulations that allow for atmospheric feedbacks associated with land–atmosphere coupling. Atmospheric feedbacks play a critical role in defining the temperature response to changes in albedo and evaporative resistance, particularly in the extratropics. More than 50% of the surface temperature response to changing albedo comes from atmospheric feedbacks in over 80% of land areas. In some regions, cloud feedbacks in response to increased evaporative resistance result in nearly 1 K of additional surface warming. In contrast, the magnitude of surface temperature responses to changes in vegetation height are comparable between offline and coupled simulations. We improve our fundamental understanding of how and why changes in vegetation cover drive responses in the atmosphere, and develop understanding of the role of individual land surface properties in controlling climate across spatial scales—critical to understanding the effects of land-use change on Earth’s climate.

Quantifying the Impacts of Land Surface Modeling on Hub-Height Wind Speed under Different Soil Conditions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geng Xia ◽  
Caroline Draxl ◽  
Larry K. Berg ◽  
David Cook
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Surface Energy ◽  
Energy Budget ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Frozen Soil ◽  
Surface Energy Budget ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Modeling Uncertainties ◽  
Dry Soil ◽  
The Impact

AbstractWe investigate the impact of three land surface models (LSMs) on simulating hub-height wind speed under three different soil regimes (dry, wet, and frozen) to improve understanding of the physics of wind energy forecasts using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model. A six-day representative period is selected for each soil condition. The simulated wind speed, surface energy budget and soil properties are compared with the observations collected from the second Wind Forecast Improvement Project (WFIP2). For the selected cases, our simulation results suggest that the impact of LSMs on hub-height wind speed are sensitive to the soil states but not so much to the choice of LSM. The simulated hub-height wind speed is in much better agreement with the observations for the dry soil case than the wet and frozen soil cases. Over the dry soil, there is a strong physical connection between the land surface and hub-height wind speed through near-surface turbulent mixing. Over the wet soil, the simulated hub-height wind speed is less impacted by the land surface due to weaker surface fluxes and large-scale synoptic disturbances. Over the frozen soil, the LSM seems to have limited impact on hub-height wind speed variability due to the decoupling of the land surface with the overlying atmosphere. Two main sources of modeling uncertainties are proposed. The first is the insufficient model physics representing the surface energy budget, especially the ground heat flux, and the second is the inaccurate initial soil states such as soil temperature and soil moisture.

scholarly journals Measuring the impact of a new snow model using surface energy budget process relationships

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Day ◽  
Gabriele Arduini ◽  
Irina Sandu ◽  
Linus Magnusson ◽  
Anton Beljaars ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Energy ◽  
Energy Budget ◽  
Surface Energy Budget ◽  
Budget Process ◽  
Snow Model ◽  
The Impact

Evaporation and land surface energy budget at the Salar de Atacama, Northern Chile

2005 ◽  
Vol 310 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 236-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie K. Kampf ◽  
Scott W. Tyler ◽  
Cristián A. Ortiz ◽  
José F. Muñoz ◽  
Paula L. Adkins
Keyword(s):  
Surface Energy ◽  
Energy Budget ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Surface Energy Budget ◽  
Northern Chile

scholarly journals Near-surface climate and surface energy budget of Larsen C ice shelf, Antarctic Peninsula

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 353-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Kuipers Munneke ◽  
M. R. van den Broeke ◽  
J. C. King ◽  
T. Gray ◽  
C. H. Reijmer
Keyword(s):  
Surface Energy ◽  
Antarctic Peninsula ◽  
Energy Budget ◽  
Heat Fluxes ◽  
Surface Energy Budget ◽  
Shortwave Radiation ◽  
Sensible Heat ◽  
Ice Shelf ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Data collected by two automatic weather stations (AWS) on the Larsen C ice shelf, Antarctica, between 22 January 2009 and 1 February 2011 are analyzed and used as input for a model that computes the surface energy budget (SEB), which includes melt energy. The two AWSs are separated by about 70 km in the north–south direction, and both the near-surface meteorology and the SEB show similarities, although small differences in all components (most notably the melt flux) can be seen. The impact of subsurface absorption of shortwave radiation on melt and snow temperature is significant, and discussed. In winter, longwave cooling of the surface is entirely compensated by a downward turbulent transport of sensible heat. In summer, the positive net radiative flux is compensated by melt, and quite frequently by upward turbulent diffusion of heat and moisture, leading to sublimation and weak convection over the ice shelf. The month of November 2010 is highlighted, when strong westerly flow over the Antarctic Peninsula led to a dry and warm föhn wind over the ice shelf, resulting in warm and sunny conditions. Under these conditions the increase in shortwave and sensible heat fluxes is larger than the decrease of net longwave and latent heat fluxes, providing energy for significant melt.

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