scholarly journals Israel and United States Claim on Al-Quds: World History and International Law Perspective

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Achmad Zulfikar ◽  
Romi Maulidi ◽  
Waskito Wibowo
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
International Law ◽  
World History ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
The United States ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City ◽  
Descriptive Method

This study aims to explore the impact of Israel claims on the Al-Quds since the surrender of territory by the British. Al-Quds in Arabic means "The Holy One" which is another name of the city of Jerusalem. In its development Israel received strong support from the United States. This strong support was demonstrated by President Donald Trump in a statement on 6 December 2017 that Jerusalem (Al-Quds) is the capital of Israel. The statement gets the pros and cons of various parties. This phenomenon attracts authors to explore the claims of Israel and the United States from the perspective of world history and international law. This paper uses qualitative descriptive method and data collection through literature review. The study concludes that Israel and the United States based on consensus of UN member states can not make unilateral claims against Jerusalem (Al-Quds) because it is not in line with historical and international law.

Strangers in the City: Transmigration from Eastern Europe and its Impact on Berlin and Hamburg 1880–1914

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-246
Author(s):  
Tobias Brinkmann
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New York ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
The United States ◽  
Urban Traffic ◽  
European Cities ◽  
Massive Growth ◽  
Transit Migration ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

This article examines the impact of transit migration from the Russian and Austro-Hungarian Empires on Berlin and Hamburg between 1880 and 1914. Both cities experienced massive growth during the last three decades of the nineteenth century, and both served as major points of passage for Eastern Europeans travelling to (and returning from) the United States. The rising migration from Eastern Europe through Central and Western European cities after 1880 coincided with the need to find adequate solutions to accommodate a rapidly growing number of commuters. The article demonstrates that the isolation of transmigrants in Berlin, Hamburg (and New York) during the 1890s was only partly related to containing contagious disease and ‘undesirable’ migrants. Isolating transmigrants was also a pragmatic response to the increasing pressure on the urban traffic infrastructure.

scholarly journals Layu Sebelum Berkembang: Studi Kasus Kerjasama Sister City Malang dengan Fuqing dalam Komoditas Kedelai

Global Focus ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-71
Author(s):  
Naufal Fikhri Khairi ◽  
◽  
Amaliya Mulyanor ◽  
Fitria Winda Sari ◽  
Nurul Zhafira
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
City Government ◽  
City Governments ◽  
State Actor ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Large Production ◽  
Strong Commitment ◽  
The City ◽  
Descriptive Method ◽  
Production Losses

The purpose of this paper is to determine the factors that have stopped the Sister City cooperation between Malang City and Fuqing City in the field of soybean commodity. Fulfilling the need for imported soybeans is important for Malang, because it is well-known for its many ‘Keripik Tempe’ producers or commonly called ‘IKM Tempe’, so that the potential for Fuqing imported soybean is important to be realized. The study used a qualitative descriptive method, and used the Paradiplomacy Concept and the Sister City Concept in explaining the cooperation between Malang City and Fuqing City. The results obtained were the cooperation between sister city Malang City and Fuqing City in the field of soybean commodity which ‘failed’ because soybeans from Fuqing were of lower quality than soybeans imported from United States and had large production losses, so that the IKM Tempe in Malang preferred to use imported United States soybeans and stopped the use of imported Fuqing soybeans. Until now, the two city governments have not been heard meeting to discuss this issue, which makes the city government as a sub-state actor not yet having a strong commitment to this cooperation.

International Law and the Theory of War

2020 ◽  
pp. 171-200
Author(s):  
Gabriela A. Frei
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Great Britain ◽  
International Law ◽  
Private Property ◽  
The United States ◽  
Theory Of War ◽  
Economic Warfare ◽  
Maritime Strategy ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Theoretical Reflection

Chapter 7 explores the question of the immunity of private property from capture at sea, examining the views of its opponents and supporters. The immunity of private property at sea posed a serious challenge to sea powers—it was feared that this step would result in a further curtailment of belligerent rights. The chapter analyses the positions of the United States, Great Britain, and Germany in the first and second Hague peace conferences. The naval thinkers Alfred T. Mahan and Julian S. Corbett saw the proposal as an existential danger to waging economic warfare. Their reflection on the impact of international law on maritime strategy illustrated the limitation of the adoption of such a far-reaching proposal. The question also demanded a theoretical reflection on warfare and the chapter compares how international lawyers and strategists understood warfare and international law.

Research Note: Smoking in Prisons—A National Survey of Correctional Administrators in the United States

1993 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael S. Vaughn ◽  
Rolando V. del Carmen
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
National Survey ◽  
Tobacco Smoke ◽  
The United States ◽  
Research Note ◽  
Correctional Institutions ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
The Impact

This article presents a national survey that assesses the policies of correctional institutions regarding staff and inmate exposure to secondary tobacco smoke. Correctional administrators from the 50 states were queried about smoking problems in prisons, focusing on disputes among inmates, among staff, and between staff and inmates. The respondents identified nonsmoking areas in their facilities and listed the various administrative responses used to alleviate the problem. The article compares the opinions of administrators on the impact of a policy that restricts or bans smoking with case studies of institutions that have already banned smoking, and concludes that more research is needed to determine the relative pros and cons of restricting or banning smoking in prisons.

Policy Implications

2018 ◽  
pp. 295-306
Author(s):  
Kevin A. Sabet ◽  
Ken C. Winters
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Federal Government ◽  
The United States ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
United States Government ◽  
United States Department ◽  
Government Accountability ◽  
Department Of Justice ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
The Impact

This chapter reviews policy implications associated with legalizing marijuana for medical and recreational purposes. The authors discuss the current landscape and attitudes toward marijuana use and review the enforcement polices of the federal government, including the impact of policies within the United States Department of Justice and the United States Government Accountability Office. The chapter also examines the expanding marijuana industry and warns against the growth of ‘Big Marijuana’ and the industry’s ability to influence policy. Finally, after reviewing the important pros and cons of legalizing this drug, the authors offer several guidelines for states to optimize care when legalization is implemented.

Why U.S. Recognition of Jerusalem Could Be Contrary to International Law

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 72-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Kattan
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
International Law ◽  
The United States ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Legal Standing ◽  
Un Security Council ◽  
Arab League ◽  
Un General Assembly ◽  
The City ◽  
The U.S

President Trump's decision to recognize Jerusalem as the capital of Israel and to move the U.S. embassy to the city has been universally condemned, as it is contrary to a well-established rule of international law stipulating that states must not recognize the fruits of conquest. While the United States chose to exercise its right of veto in the UN Security Council to block a resolution criticizing the presidential decision, the remaining members of the council, including close U.S. allies, criticized it. Similarly, the UN General Assembly, the European Union, the Arab League, and the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation have all passed strongly worded resolutions saying that they would not recognize any changes to the pre-1967 borders, including in and around Jerusalem. This paper examines the legal standing of the U.S. decision in light of previous positions that the United States has historically adopted or endorsed.

scholarly journals MODEL PEMBELAJARAN GEOGRAFI DENGAN PENDEKATAN SCIENTIFIC PADA SMA NEGERI 1 DAN SMA NEGERI 2 BANJARMASIN

Jurnal Socius ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ferryska Widiaswara
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Models Of Teaching ◽  
School Year ◽  
Scientific Approach ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City ◽  
Descriptive Method

The learning process is a combination of scientific learning process which originally focused on the exploration, elaboration, and confirmation comes by observing, ask, try, reasoning, and this mengomunikasikan.Penelitian discuss geography learning model with a scientific approach to the two high schools in the city of Banjarmasin designated as a pilot project to implement the curriculum in 2013 the SMA SMA N 1 and N 2 Banjarmasin start of the school year 2013/2014. This study uses qualitative descriptive method and implemented at SMAN 1 and SMAN 2 Banjarmasin. The results showed that teachers' understanding of the scientific approach is not maximized so the impact on the application. However, teachers also know the purpose of scientific approaches used in the curriculum of 2013, which is to form the character of the students and make students more active. Besides scientific approach is also beneficial to stimulate students to use all the senses are owned in learning. Key words: Models of teaching. Geography, Scientific approach

scholarly journals Changes in freshwater macroinvertebrate richness due to river impoundment in the United States

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabrielle Trottier ◽  
Katrine Turgeon ◽  
Francesca Verones ◽  
Daniel Boisclair ◽  
Cécile Bulle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Flood Control ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
The United States ◽  
Freshwater Ecosystems ◽  
Rivers And Streams ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Time Substitution

ABSTRACTWhether it is for water supply, flood control or hydropower uses, the transformation of a river into a reservoir can impact freshwater ecosystems and their biodiversity. Using the National Lake Assessment (NLA; 148 reservoirs) and the National Rivers and Streams Assessment (NRSA; 2121 rivers and streams) of the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), we evaluated the impacts of river impoundment on macroinvertebrate biodiversity at three spatial scales (i.e., reservoir, ecoregion and country scale). We used a space-for-time substitution approach to model the impact of impoundment (i.e., we used rivers and streams as the before-impoundment conditions, and reservoirs as the after-impoundment conditions). We expressed the impact on biodiversity in terms of potentially disappeared fraction of species (PDF) to be used in the life cycle assessment (LCA) framework. To understand the role of regionalization, and some potentially influential variables, on changes in macroinvertebrate richness following impoundment in the United States, we used analyses of variance (ANOVAs) as well as variation partitioning, and developed empirical predictive models. Overall, 26% of macroinvertebrate taxa disappeared following impoundment in the United States, and PDFs followed a longitudinal gradient across ecoregions (i.e., higher PDFs in the western part of the country, lower PDFs in the eastern part). We also observed that large and oligotrophic reservoirs, located in high elevation had high PDFs. This study provides the first empirical PDF values for macroinvertebrates to be used as characterization factors (CFs) by LCA practitioners. We also provide strong support for regionalization and a simple predictive model to be used by LCA modellers.

The Dominican Crisis: An Inter-American Dilemma

1966 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 178-193
Author(s):  
John P. S. McLaren
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Latin America ◽  
International Law ◽  
Latin American ◽  
The United States ◽  
American System ◽  
American Society ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Latin American Society

From whatever standpoint it may be viewed, the decision of President Johnson to order the Marines into the Dominican Republic on April 28, 1965, was bound to provide a focus for controversy. However, the essentially political nature of that act and its ostensible and concealed motivations have tended to shroud the impact of the Dominican crisis upon the legal mechanisms of the Inter-American System, outlined in the basic documents and developed in the practice of the Organization of American States. This is not to suggest that the problems of Latin America in general and of the Dominion Republic in particular are reducible to a statement of principles of international law. Indeed, it is the present writer’s contention that the Latin American members of the Organization have demonstrated that they are far too servile towards what they deem to be the basic norms of American international law, and that this attitude coupled with the equivocal political manœuvres of the United States has produced a form of institutional schizophrenia which deflects attention from the basic problems of contemporary Latin America and the pressing need for their solution. The main purposes of this comment are to examine the Dominican crisis in the context of fundamental stresses in Latin American society, to evaluate the roles of the United States and the O.A.S. in terms of their reactions to this case, and to make some general comments on how the Inter-American System may be rendered more meaningful in dealing with the political, economic, and social priorities of the region.

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