scholarly journals Integrating fishing spatial patterns and strategies to improve high seas fisheries management

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raul Vilela
Keyword(s):  
Fisheries Management ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Target Species ◽  
Fishing Activity ◽  
Southwest Atlantic ◽  
Fish Stocks ◽  
Heterogeneous Behavior ◽  
National Jurisdiction ◽  
High Seas

Fishing activity in waters beyond national jurisdiction generates multiple management issues, such as data poor fisheries, management of straddling fish stocks and lack of impact assessments on deep-sea Vulnerable Marine Ecosystems (VMEs). Fishing strategy is the key to understanding and managing high seas fisheries, targeting highly migratory resources that are widely distributed. An international fleet, including Spanish flag bottom trawlers, operates along the Patagonian shelf in Southwest Atlantic waters, which includes an unregulated strip of continental shelf beyond national jurisdiction. The Spanish fleet’s fishing strategy was analyzed, and based on on-board observer data collected from 1989 to 2015, three main fishing seasons were identified: a first season mainly targeting Argentinean squid (Illex argentinus) from January to March, a second season targeting hake (Merluccius hubbsi) from April to August, and a third season from September to December showing an opportunistic and heterogeneous behavior. Findings were framed within current knowledge on resource distribution. A preliminary observation of the inter-annual CPUE rates of target species during their respective fishing seasons highlights the possible existence of species linkages and bioclimatic cycles which may affect species distribution and abundance in the area and might require future research. Even if current fishing activity from the Spanish fleet does not overlap deep-water VMEs, any slight change in the fishing strategy to deeper waters (i.e. the fleet targeting high density I. argentinus areas below 300 m, or a change in the target species) would be critical for the conservation of VMEs in these waters.

scholarly journals Problems of Compulsory Jurisdiction and the Settlement of Disputes Relating to Straddling Fish Stocks

1999 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.E. Boyle
Keyword(s):  
Dispute Settlement ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Access To Justice ◽  
Fish Stocks ◽  
Legal Principle ◽  
National Jurisdiction ◽  
The Right ◽  
Settlement Of Disputes ◽  
Fisheries Law ◽  
High Seas

AbstractModern fisheries law has for some time recognised the special interest of coastal states in the management of adjacent high seas fisheries. It has been slower to acknowledge a comparable interest on the part of high seas fishing states in the conservation and management of EEZ stocks by coastal states. This imbalance of rights and obligations between these two groups of states continues to be reflected in the fisheries articles of the 1982 UNCLOS and in the 1995 Agreement on Straddling and Highly Migratory Fish Stocks. Much of the Law of the Sea Convention is about balancing the interests of different groups of states, and maintaining that balance is one of the reasons for adopting the principle of compulsory binding dispute settlement of disputes in Part XV of the Convention. Disputes about straddling fish stocks are necessarily disputes about the balance between coastal and high seas fishing states, and more generally, about the interest of the international community in sustainable management of stocks. Despite the significant changes which the 1995 Agreement makes to the substantive UNCLOS fisheries law, it remains far from clear that disputes concerning coastal state overfishing or inadequate management of straddling stocks within its own EEZ can be the subject of any form of binding process initiated by another fishing state or entity, even if there is a serious impact on the viability of stocks in other EEZs or on the high seas beyond national jurisdiction. But while coastal states and high seas states may have unequal rights and obligations with regard to fisheries access and management, they do have an equal interest in access to dispute settlement options. Both share a need for authoritative interpretation of difficult and complex texts; in both cases compulsory dispute settlement may be required in the event of failure to reach agreement on the management of shared access to straddling stocks. To hold that only coastal states have the right to compulsory binding settlement in such cases is to stabilise and protect one side of an equitable balance while leaving the other side vulnerable to erosion and instability. The question whether disputes concerning all or part of a straddling stock fall inside or outside compulsory jurisdiction is thus more than a technical question of treaty interpretation. It poses some fundamental questions about the nature of equitable utilisation as a legal principle governing use of common resources. Both in the interests of equitable access to justice, and the effective management and sustainable use of straddling stocks, compulsory jurisdiction should apply to all aspects of such a dispute. The rights of coastal states

scholarly journals POTENTIAL FISHING GROUND MAPPING BASED ON GIS HOTSPOT MODEL AND TIME SERIES ANALYSIS: A CASE STUDY ON LIFT NET FISHERIES IN SERIBU ISLAND

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 337-356
Author(s):  
Andi Alamsyah Rivai ◽  
Vincentius P. Siregar ◽  
Syamsul B. Agus ◽  
Hiroki Yasuma
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Fisheries Management ◽  
Fishing Ground ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Target Species ◽  
Fishing Activity ◽  
Fishing Season ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
West Monsoon

Information on the spatial and temporal of fishing activity can optimize a fisheries management and increase their economical and biological benefit. For effective management and good understanding of fishing activities, information about fishing ground is crucial. In this study, we aimed to analyze the spatio-temporal of lift net fisheries in Kepulauan Seribu by analyzing their fishing season, investigating their hotspot of fishing ground using GIS-based hotspot model, and mapping the potential fishing ground of each target species. We found that anchovy and scad could be caught throughtout the year, while sardine and squid had high fishing season in west monsoon. Hotspot of fishing ground of lift net fisheries in Kepulauan Seribu waters generally was concentrated around Lancang Island and in southern part of Kotok Island. Potential fishing ground for sardines was located in around Lancang Island on west monsoon. Squids were highly distributed around Lancang Island in December to January and around Lancang and Rambut Islands in November. Anchovy and scad had more potential fishing ground in around Kepulauan Seribu waters.  Keywords: fishing ground, lift net, hotspot, fishing season 

Recent international agreements and the precautionary approach: new directions for fisheries management science

1998 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 1545-1552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura J Richards ◽  
Jean-Jacques Maguire
Keyword(s):  
Fisheries Management ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Decision Rules ◽  
International Agreements ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Precautionary Approach ◽  
Ecosystem Impacts ◽  
Fish Stocks

The dynamics of exploited fish populations can be highly uncertain and the precautionary approach to fisheries management addresses such uncertainties. The precautionary approach is now embodied in several international agreements, including (i) the UN Straddling Fish Stocks and Highly Migratory Fish Stocks Agreement and (ii) the FAO Code of Conduct. We discuss how application of these agreements will change the daily operations of many fisheries agencies. Contrary to past practices, the absence of adequate scientific information can no longer be a reason for postponing or failing to take conservation measures. Future harvest strategies will be based on stock-specific reference points and predefined decision rules. However, more research is required to quantify uncertainties associated with reference point definitions and their practical application in a management context. In addition, future research will emphasize environmental issues with extensive data requirements, such as ecosystem impacts of fishing. Data collection will remain a core business activity; agencies must address the costs of maintaining shared and documented data archives over the long term.

scholarly journals 'A sea of troubles': Brexit and the fisheries question

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy Phillipson ◽  
David Symes
Keyword(s):  
Fisheries Management ◽  
Shared Vision ◽  
Modus Operandi ◽  
Fishing Activity ◽  
Fish Stocks ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Full Responsibility ◽  
Shared Fish Stocks ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Uk

Brexit poses a major challenge to the stability of European fisheries management. Until now, neighbouring EU Member States have shared the bounty of the living resources of the seas around Britain. Taking full responsibility for the regulation of fisheries within the UK's Exclusive Economic Zone will cut across longstanding relationships, potentially putting at risk recent recovery and future sustainability of shared fish stocks. The paper considers the meaning of Brexit in relation to fisheries and the issues that will need to be resolved in any rebalancing of fishing opportunities within the UK EEZ. It examines the longer term implications for the governance of fisheries and the likely restructuring of institutional and regulatory arrangements, emphasising the prior need for a shared vision and robust modus operandi for collaboration between the UK and EU to ensure the sustainability of resources, viability of fishing activity and the health of marine ecosystems.

scholarly journals The Proposed Implementing Agreement: Options for Coherence and Consistency in the Establishment of Protected Areas beyond National Jurisdiction

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 654-673 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dire Tladi
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
International Law ◽  
Fisheries Management ◽  
Marine Protected Areas ◽  
The Third ◽  
National Jurisdiction ◽  
Regional Fisheries Management Organizations ◽  
Regional Fisheries Management ◽  
High Seas

The purpose of this article is to provide initial thoughts on potential conflicts between the mandates of Regional Fisheries Management Organizations (rfmos) and any mechanisms for establishing Marine Protected Areas in the high seas and how these conflicts might be avoided. The article addresses first, whether the fears that may exist concerning the conflicts are, as a matter of international law, real and to the extent that they are real, how an Implementing Agreement (ia) might be shaped to avoid them. As the article is intended to provide only initial thoughts, the range of rfmos and possible conflicts are only illustrative and are not intended to be comprehensive. With the potential conflicts in mind, the article then provides, in the third section, possible approaches that the drafters of the ia could adopt to avoid and/or mitigate these conflicts. Finally, the article offers some concluding remarks.

scholarly journals Addressing Regulatory Gaps in High Seas Fisheries

2005 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 533-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik Jaap Molenaar
Keyword(s):  
Fisheries Management ◽  
Performance Assessments ◽  
Outer Continental Shelf ◽  
Legal Regime ◽  
Fish Stocks ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Global Regime ◽  
Regional Fisheries Management Organizations ◽  
Fishing Practices ◽  
High Seas

AbstractGeographical and substantive regulatory gaps in high seas fisheries are serious weaknesses in the current global regime for the governance of marine capture fisheries. This article discusses recent developments on the establishment of new regional fisheries management organizations (RFMOs) and arrangements, identifies geographical gaps and examines scenarios to fill these. In view of the need for upgrading existing fishery bodies to ensure compatibility with the UN Fish Stocks Agreement, ample attention is devoted to the tool of performance assessments. Also examined in depth are the constraints for coastal States that wish to exercise their sovereign rights in relation to fishing practices that impact on sedentary species on their outer continental shelf. The discussion of the reform of the international legal regime for high seas fisheries is in particular devoted to discrete high seas fish stocks.

scholarly journals Transboundary Fisheries Management

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-130
Author(s):  
Keyuan Zou ◽  
Jiayi Wang
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Fisheries Management ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Law Of The Sea ◽  
Commercial Fish ◽  
Fish Stocks ◽  
National Jurisdiction ◽  
United Nations Convention ◽  
Transboundary Fisheries

Abstract The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea created the exclusive economic zone regime, which makes more than 90 per cent of the world’s commercial fish stocks under the national jurisdiction of coastal States. The biological characteristics of fish demonstrate that the long-term sustainability of fisheries can only be achieved through cooperation and coordination among States, especially for the conservation of transboundary fish stocks. However, the ocean may have more than 1,500 transboundary fish stocks, only a limited number are subjected to effective cooperative management. This article provides an overview of the international legal framework on transboundary fisheries and China’s practice on shared stocks and distant water fisheries, and argues that current bilateral fisheries agreements are not sufficient enough to manage transboundary fish stocks and China still has much to do on regulating distant water fisheries.

scholarly journals POTENTIAL FISHING GROUND MAPPING BASED ON GIS HOTSPOT MODEL AND TIME SERIES ANALYSIS: A CASE STUDY ON LIFT NET FISHERIES IN SERIBU ISLAND

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 337
Author(s):  
Andi Alamsyah Rivai ◽  
Vincentius P. Siregar ◽  
Syamsul B. Agus ◽  
Hiroki Yasuma
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Fisheries Management ◽  
Fishing Ground ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Target Species ◽  
Fishing Activity ◽  
Fishing Season ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
West Monsoon

<p class="Paragraf"><em>Information on the spatial and temporal of fishing activity can optimize a fisheries management and increase their economical and biological benefit. For effective management and good understanding of fishing activities, information about fishing ground is crucial. In this study, we aimed to analyze the spatio-temporal of lift net fisheries in </em><em>Kepulauan Seribu</em><em> by analyzing their fishing season, investigating their hotspot of fishing ground using GIS-based hotspot model, and mapping the potential fishing ground of each target species. We found that anchovy and scad could be caught throughtout the year, while sardine and squid had high fishing season in west monsoon. Hotspot of fishing ground of lift net fisheries in </em><em>Kepulauan Seribu</em><em> waters generally was concentrated around Lancang Island and in southern part of Kotok Island. Potential fishing ground for sardines was located in around Lancang Island on west monsoon. Squids were highly distributed around Lancang Island in December to January and around Lancang and Rambut Islands in November. Anchovy and scad had more potential fishing ground in around </em><em>Kepulauan Seribu</em><em> waters. </em></p><p class="Paragraf"><em> </em></p><p class="Paragraf"><strong><em>Keywords</em></strong><em>: </em><em>fishing ground</em><em>, </em><em>lift net, hotspot, fishing season </em></p>

RECLAMATION AND CULVERT CROSSINGS MADE OF CORRUGATED PIPES ON SPAWNING STREAMS

2020 ◽  
pp. 68-77
Author(s):  
O.N. CHERNYKH ◽  
◽  
A.V. RBURLACHENKO
Keyword(s):  
Single Point ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Fish Passage ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Fish Stocks ◽  
Metal Structures ◽  
Natural Reproduction ◽  
Spiral Shape ◽  
Corrugated Metal ◽  
Spawning Streams

Recommendations are presented for solving issues that arise in the design and operation of tubular transport crossings of corrugated metal structures through spawning streams while ensuring the safety and natural reproduction of fish stocks. There are discussed the results of experimental studies of culverts made of metal corrugated pipes with a normal and spiral shape of corrugation the bottom of which is buried and filled with suitable granular material to the level of the natural channel of a small watercourse. It is established that when 10% of the area of the corrugated pipe is occupied by stone filling, its throughput is reduced by about 10-12%. Based on the review of the existing literature and the results of laboratory experiments, data is provided to estimate the values of the roughness coefficients of the composite cross-section of a single-point junction and directions for future research on culvert reclamation are outlined. Studying of the structure of the velocity distribution in culverts can lead to the improved conditions for fish passage without installing special structural elements in the transit path of the fish passage structure.

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