scholarly journals Longstanding effect of recurrent Otitis Media with effusion on central auditory processing in Children

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iman Bahader
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Auditory Processing ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Response ◽  
Speech Intelligibility ◽  
Otitis Media With Effusion ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Central Auditory Processing ◽  
Brainstem Response ◽  
Conductive Hearing

Background: Auditory deprivation due to otitis media with effusion(OME) has been suggested and could be related to auditory processingproblem. Aim of the work: To assess central auditory processing functions in children having recurrent OME through behavioral and electrophysiological testing, and to correlate between them. Methodology: Sixty children of both genders were enrolled in this study and divided into 30 children with history of recurrent OME and 30 children of age and gender matched control group. All children were subjected to full history taking, basic audiological evaluation, speech intelligibility in noise test (SPIN), click evoked auditory brainstem response (click ABR) and speech evoked auditory brainstem response testing (speech ABR). Results: Comparing both groups revealed statistically significant depressed SPIN scores at different signal to noise ratios in study group even in absence of conductive hearing loss (CHL). Click ABR absolute latencies of wave I, III and V and interpeak latencies I-V and III-V were significantly prolonged due to CHL. Speech ABR showed significant wave V latency shift together with wave A delay, reduced amplitude, prolonged V-A duration and shallower slope even in absence of hearing loss. Conclusion: Children having recurrent OME showed brainstem abnormalities as detected by SPIN, click ABR and speech ABR tests even in absence of hearing loss.Keywords: Otitis media with effusion (OME), conductive hearing loss(CHL), speech auditory brainstem response (speech ABR) and speech intelligibility in noise test (SPIN).

scholarly journals Hormones and Hearing: Central Auditory Processing in Women

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (06) ◽  
pp. 493-501
Author(s):  
Skylar Trott ◽  
Trey Cline ◽  
Jeffrey Weihing ◽  
Deidra Beshear ◽  
Matthew Bush ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Auditory Processing ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Human Model ◽  
Central Auditory Processing ◽  
Hormonal Changes ◽  
Hearing Sensitivity ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Brainstem Response

AbstractEstrogen has been identified as playing a key role in many organ systems. Recently, estrogen has been found to be produced in the human brain and is believed contribute to central auditory processing. After menopause, a low estrogen state, many women report hearing loss but demonstrate no deficits in peripheral hearing sensitivity, which support the notion that estrogen plays an effect on central auditory processing. Although animal research on estrogen and hearing loss is extensive, there is little in the literature on the human model.The aim of this study was to evaluate relationships between hormonal changes and hearing as it relates to higher auditory function in pre- and postmenopausal (Post-M) females.A prospective, group comparison study.Twenty eight women between the ages of 18 and 70 at the University of Kentucky were recruited.Participants were separated into premenopausal and peri-/Post-M groups. Participants had normal peripheral hearing sensitivity and underwent a behavioral auditory processing battery and electrophysiological evaluation. An analysis of variance was performed to address the aims of the study.Results from the study demonstrated statistically significant difference between groups, where Post-M females had difficulties in spatial hearing abilities as reflected on the Listening in Spatialized Noise Test–Sentences test. In addition, measures on the auditory brainstem response and the middle latency response reflected statistically significant differences between groups with Post-M females having longer latencies.Results from the present study demonstrated significant differences between groups, particularly listening in noise. Females who present with auditory complaints in spite of normal hearing thresholds should have a more extensive audiological evaluation to further evaluate possible central deficits.

Auditory Brainstem Responses in Children with Otitis Media with Effusion

1980 ◽  
Vol 89 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 200-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas J. Fria ◽  
Diane L. Sabo
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Pure Tone ◽  
Conductive Hearing Loss ◽  
Otitis Media With Effusion ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Responses ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Conductive Hearing

Auditory brainstem responses (ABR) were recorded in 14 infants and toddlers and 12 school-age children with a previous history of recurrent otitis media with effusion (OME), or otoscopic and tympanometric evidence of persistent OME, or both. ABR tests were performed immediately before and after myringotomy and tympanostomy tube insertion in the younger subjects. For the school-age children, ABR tests were performed following otoscopy, tympanometry, and pure tone audiometry. The results demonstrate that the latency of both wave I and wave V of the ABR was sensitive (82% and 100%, respectively) to the presence of OME. Wave I also identified the absence of OME (specificity = 100%) whereas wave V did not (specificity = 25%). ABR latency was significantly decreased postoperatively in ears found to have OME, but not in ears found to have no OME. In the school-age subjects the ABR was used to predict the conductive hearing loss at 4000 Hz with less than a 20 dB error in virtually all subjects. The ABR latency delay was also found to be related to conductive hearing impairment at lower pure tone frequencies and to the average conductive loss at a variety of pure tone frequencies. Predictions of the presence of a conductive hearing loss from these relationships promise to be impressively accurate. The results suggest that the ABR can be a valuable tool for detecting the presence of conductive hearing impairment in infants and young children suspected to have OME and perhaps as an estimate of the degree of impairment.

Hearing Screening in Preschool Children of a Rural Community in Portugal - A 10-year Experience

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Fonseca ◽  
C Reis ◽  
L Monteiro ◽  
C Monteiro ◽  
M Serrano
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Rural Community ◽  
Auditory Processing ◽  
Otitis Media With Effusion ◽  
Hearing Screening ◽  
Central Auditory Processing ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Age Range

Abstract Introduction Preschool hearing screening programmes would identify later onset or progressive hearing losses and conductive hearing loss, due to the high prevalence of otitis media with effusion in childhood. Hearing loss associated with otitis media with effusion can have a great impact on reading, writing, central auditory processing and balance. Objectives The present study aims at characterising the audiological alterations found in preschool children screened in a rural community in Portugal, and the correlation between audiological findings and otoscopy. Methodology This is an observational study using the results obtained in a ten year audiological and otological screening of preschool children. Otoscopy, Tympanometry and Audiometry (1, 2 and 4 KHz presented at 40 and 20 dB intensity) were performed at the first stage of the screening and the results were classified as “pass” or “refer”. Every non-normal result of any category would imply a second stage consisting of observation by an ENT specialist at the site and the establishing of a follow-up plan. Written Informed Consent was obtained from the parents prior to initiating the study. Results 595 children aged 5 and 6 years were screened between 2007 and 2017, of whom 192 (32.3%) required referral to the second stage. The most frequent alteration was found in the tympanogram. The tympanograms showed a significant correlation with the otoscopy performed by the ENT doctor, mainly type B tympanograms. The pass/refer audiometry also showed a statistically significant correlation with the medical otoscopy, although weak in all frequencies studied. Conclusion It’s extremely important to perform a hearing screening in the age range of 5-6 years (with a high predisposition to middle ear problems), with the main objective of identifying and referring for treatment children who present alterations in order to reduce the consequences of the hearing impairment.

scholarly journals Study of effect of chronic suppurative otitis media on auditory brainstem response latency

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 690
Author(s):  
Hanumanth Prasad Muniyappa ◽  
Ravi Dudda ◽  
Balaji Nagavara Kalegowda ◽  
Vandana Basvaraj
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Response ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Suppurative Otitis Media ◽  
Brainstem Response ◽  
Latency Shift

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) emerging as common hearing problems in the recent years with high prevalence requiring immediate attention. Hence, our study includes assessment of adult patients with CSOM using electrophysiological test, auditory brainstem response (ABR) and analysing the latency of ABR peaks in order to find the effect of CSOM on ABR latency with respect to shift in latency.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> The study followed cross sectional study design where data collected from March to September 2019 were used. A total of 50 subjects with unilateral CSOM were analysed. Descriptive statistics and paired t-test was used for statistical analysis of the data.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The data was divided into 3 groups based on degree of hearing loss (mild, moderate and moderately severe). The Mean ABR peak latency was analysed and subjects showed a significant latency shift. Also, it was found that the magnitude of latency shift increased with increase in degree of hearing loss.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Hence the study concludes that as the amount of conductive component increases the pure tone threshold deteriorates and ABR latency gets affected. Also, the morphology of ABR peaks on comparison to the normal hearing ear gets affected due to constant conductive pathology in the pathological ear.</p><p class="abstract"> </p>

The Effect of Otitis Media With Effusion on the Masking-Level Difference and the Auditory Brainstem Response

1993 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 210-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph W. Hall ◽  
John H. Grose
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Response ◽  
Otitis Media With Effusion ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Level Difference ◽  
Masking Level Difference ◽  
Brainstem Response ◽  
History Of ◽  
Interaural Differences

This study investigated the masking-level difference (MLD) and auditory brainstem response (ABR) in a group of children with a history of otitis media with effusion (OME) and a control group of children with no known history of ear disease. All children had normal hearing at the time of testing. The main goal of the study was to determine whether there was an association between a reduced MLD in the OME children and an abnormal ABR (in terms of prolonged absolute or interwave intervals, or interaural differences in the ABR waveforms). The results indicated that the group of children having a history of OME had significantly reduced MLDs and had significantly prolonged waves III and V, and I–III and I–V interwave intervals. The correlations between MLD and delays in absolute wave or interwave intervals were not significant. However, some correlations between interaural asymmetries of the interwave intervals and the MLD were significant. The results suggest that the reduction in MLD found in children having a history of OME may be related to abnormal brainstem processing.

Effects of Conductive Hearing Loss on Auditory Brainstem Response

1982 ◽  
Vol 91 (3) ◽  
pp. 304-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Therese J. McGee ◽  
Jack D. Clemis
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Response ◽  
Conductive Hearing Loss ◽  
Ossicular Chain ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Middle Ear Effusion ◽  
Brainstem Response ◽  
Conductive Hearing ◽  
Ear Effusion

The purpose of this paper is not to propose that auditory brainstem response (ABR) be utilized for the assessment of conductive losses, but to define the effects of conductive hearing loss on the ABR when such a complication occurs. Conductive losses attenuate cochlear stimulation. Since wave V latency is inversely related to stimulus intensity, the magnitude of the conductive loss should be a predictor of the wave V latency delay. In this study, ABR wave V latencies from patients with known conductive losses due to canal occlusion, middle ear effusion, ossicular fixation and chain interruption were compared with latency values calculated from the magnitude of the loss. In those patients with occlusion of the external auditory canal and middle ear effusion, the shift of the wave V latency-intensity function correlated well with the air-bone gap. This correlation was poor for patients with ossicular chain disorders. In mixed hearing losses, the increased wave V latency due to the conductive component may totally mask an increase in latency caused by a retrocochlear component.

scholarly journals Prevention of acquired sensorineural hearing loss in mice by in vivo Htra2 gene editing

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xi Gu ◽  
Daqi Wang ◽  
Zhijiao Xu ◽  
Jinghan Wang ◽  
Luo Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Hair Cell ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Response ◽  
Gene Editing ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing ◽  
Brainstem Response

Abstract Background Aging, noise, infection, and ototoxic drugs are the major causes of human acquired sensorineural hearing loss, but treatment options are limited. CRISPR/Cas9 technology has tremendous potential to become a new therapeutic modality for acquired non-inherited sensorineural hearing loss. Here, we develop CRISPR/Cas9 strategies to prevent aminoglycoside-induced deafness, a common type of acquired non-inherited sensorineural hearing loss, via disrupting the Htra2 gene in the inner ear which is involved in apoptosis but has not been investigated in cochlear hair cell protection. Results The results indicate that adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated delivery of CRISPR/SpCas9 system ameliorates neomycin-induced apoptosis, promotes hair cell survival, and significantly improves hearing function in neomycin-treated mice. The protective effect of the AAV–CRISPR/Cas9 system in vivo is sustained up to 8 weeks after neomycin exposure. For more efficient delivery of the whole CRISPR/Cas9 system, we also explore the AAV–CRISPR/SaCas9 system to prevent neomycin-induced deafness. The in vivo editing efficiency of the SaCas9 system is 1.73% on average. We observed significant improvement in auditory brainstem response thresholds in the injected ears compared with the non-injected ears. At 4 weeks after neomycin exposure, the protective effect of the AAV–CRISPR/SaCas9 system is still obvious, with the improvement in auditory brainstem response threshold up to 50 dB at 8 kHz. Conclusions These findings demonstrate the safe and effective prevention of aminoglycoside-induced deafness via Htra2 gene editing and support further development of the CRISPR/Cas9 technology in the treatment of non-inherited hearing loss as well as other non-inherited diseases.

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