scholarly journals Ideology between the lines: Lay inferences about scientists' values and motives

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivar Hannikainen
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
Scientific Inquiry ◽  
Social Science Research ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Personal Ideology ◽  
Social Scientific ◽  
The Way

While philosophers emphasize the distinction between description and prescription, in practice people’s beliefs about contentious issues seem to reflect their normative commitments. Less is known about the way that people infer others’ ideology from their reports about matters of fact. In the context of scientific research on the heritability of intelligence, scientists’ normative views (Study 1a) and motives (Study 2) are inferred from the evidence they report–independently of their stated research objectives. Two pre-registered replications (Studies 1b and 3) revealed that these effects generalize to other contentious domains of behavioral and social science research. Thus, laypeople view social scientific inquiry as (partly) a guided pursuit of evidence in favor of scientists’ personal ideology.

scholarly journals Ideology Between the Lines: Lay Inferences About Scientists’ Values and Motives

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 832-841 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivar R. Hannikainen
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
Scientific Inquiry ◽  
Social Science Research ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Personal Ideology ◽  
Social Scientific ◽  
The Way

While philosophers emphasize the distinction between description and prescription, in practice people’s beliefs about contentious issues seem to reflect their normative commitments. Less is known about the way that people infer others’ ideology from their reports about matters of fact. In the context of scientific research on the heritability of intelligence, scientists’ normative views (Study 1a) and motives (Study 2) are inferred from the evidence they report—independently of their stated research objectives. Two preregistered replications (Studies 1b and 3) revealed that these effects generalize to other contentious domains of behavioral and social science research. Thus, laypeople view social scientific inquiry as (partly) a guided pursuit of evidence in favor of scientists’ personal ideology.

Introduction

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Mark Bevir ◽  
Jason Blakely
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Social Science ◽  
Social Science Research ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Historical Narratives ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Social Scientific Research ◽  
Social Scientific

Readers are introduced to the major philosophical paradigms shaping social science research today, including hermeneutics and naturalism. The pervasive influence of naturalism on social scientific research is explained and the interpretive alternative is sketched. As part of this, readers are offered an account of the philosophical origins of today’s social science disciplines with a special focus on the case of political science. At the beginning of the twentieth century a modern, ahistorical, and formal paradigm for the study of politics was formed as scholars increasingly rejected the developmental historical narratives and Hegelianism of the nineteenth century. The chapter concludes with a brief overview of the argument of the book.

Analytic Filmmaking: A Response to Critics

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 691-694
Author(s):  
Roy Germano
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
Scientific Inquiry ◽  
Social Science Research ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Fundamental Idea ◽  
Audiovisual Media

I would like to begin by thanking Jeff Isaac for organizing this symposium. I am also grateful to the five commentators—Henry Farrell, Jeffrey Gould, Davide Panagia, Sunita Parikh, and Dvora Yanow—for taking the time to think about my target essay and to offer such thought provoking comments and critiques. Even if the commentators have reservations about the analytic filmmaking approach, I am encouraged by their enthusiasm for the fundamental idea contained in my target essay: Audiovisual media can and should be used to publish social science research. This rejoinder aims to briefly clarify my positions on some of the major issues raised by the commentators. The first part addresses questions about how we should structure audiovisual publications, while the second part examines the nexus between analytic filmmaking and scientific inquiry.

Theoretical Context of Cybercrime

2021 ◽  
pp. 174-191
Author(s):  
Tansif Ur Rehman
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
Theoretical Approach ◽  
Social Science Research ◽  
Science Research ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Social Facts ◽  
Social Theories ◽  
The World ◽  
The Way

The internet is conceivably today's most innovative development as it proceeds to change everyday life for almost everyone globally. Billions of individuals are using the internet, and thousands enter the online world each day. Not merely has the internet revolutionized the way people connect and learn; it has eternally changed the way people live across the globe. As the internet and computer advances, offenders have originated ways to utilize these innovations as intended for their criminal acts. In social science research, social theories are of great significance. Without a theoretical direction, social facts are like a snuffed-out candle that cannot determine its bearer's path. Social theories contribute to the development of sound scientific foundations for resolving issues in any social inquiry. Theories guide our observations of the world. Digital technology has an impact and has numerous challenges. The respective work has its significance in helping and exploring this dilemma via a multifaceted theoretical approach.

Social science ethics: the changing context for research

2006 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Webster
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
Research Ethics ◽  
Social Science Research ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Science Ethics ◽  
Ethics Framework ◽  
Ethical Content ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
New Research ◽  
The Way

This article looks at recent developments that have had an impact upon the way in which the ethical content of research is judged. It then goes on to look in some detail at the guidance offered to social science researchers in the Economic and Social Science Research Council's new Research Ethics Framework.

Tsugaru Gaku as Area Studies: Research plasticity and researcher hybridity

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 349-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Rausch
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
Social Science Research ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Specific Area ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Area Studies ◽  
The Future ◽  
Social Science Researcher ◽  
Conducting Research ◽  
Social Scientific

This review essay speaks to the crisis of Area Studies, offering a view from the field in the form of a review of Tsugaru Gaku (Tsugaru Studies) as a specific Area Studies research case. After presenting an overview of the work of social science researchers working in Japan, both foreign and Japanese, the essay turns to major questions articulated in the literature of Area Studies regarding the purpose, character and future of Area Studies. By reviewing the multi-dimensional and combinative implications in the process and dissemination of his own social science research work together with consideration of the work of Japanese social scientists conducting research in rural Japan and publishing in Japanese, the author positions such ‘domestic,’ place-based sociological and anthropological research as a vital contribution to the future of Area Studies. Capitalizing on social scientific research that can contribute to Area Studies research requires a view of the ‘plasticity of research.’ Further, recognition of the ‘hybridity of the Area Studies researcher,’ both as the trained Area Studies specialist as well as a ‘domestic social science researcher’ capable of theory, methodology and analysis, as well as dissemination of Area Studies research originating in a specific place and in a specific language, is vital to the future of Area Studies research.

What’s Love Got to Do with It? The Sociology of Godly Love and the Renewal of Modern Pentecostalism

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amos Yong
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
Recent Work ◽  
Social Science Research ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Interdisciplinary Work ◽  
Social Scientific Study ◽  
Pentecostal Movement ◽  
The Social ◽  
Pentecostal Theology ◽  
Social Scientific

This article uses the recent work of sociologist Margaret M. Poloma to argue that developments in the sociology of Pentecostalism have the potential to revitalize a classical Pentecostal movement that can be otherwise understood as languishing. In particular, the social scientific study of benevolent service in various segments of the Pentecostal movement provides the springboard for the argument. After locating the interdisciplinary work of Poloma and her colleagues on godly love within the broader context of social science research in the last half century, this paper will explore its implications for the future and renewal of especially the classical Pentecostal movement, for Pentecostal theology and self-understanding, and for scholarship on Pentecostalism.

scholarly journals Racial Innocence: Law, Social Science, and the Unknowing of Racism in the US Carceral State

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 473-493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naomi Murakawa
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
Racial Disparity ◽  
Racial Profiling ◽  
Social Science Research ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Test Case ◽  
Carceral State ◽  
Racial Capitalism ◽  
The Us ◽  
Social Scientific

Racial innocence is the practice of securing blamelessness for the death-dealing realities of racial capitalism. This article reviews the legal, social scientific, and reformist mechanisms that maintain the racial innocence of one particular site: the US carceral state. With its routine dehumanization, violence, and stunning levels of racial disparity, the carceral state should be a hard test case for the willful unknowing of obvious devastation. Nonetheless, the law presumes “no racism,” condones racial profiling, and interprets racial disparity in policing and imprisonment as evidence of true racial difference in criminality, not discrimination. Prominent social science research too often mimics these practices, producing research that aids in the collective erasure of racism.

Should Any Court Accept the “Social Authority” Paradigm?

2001 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Nowlin
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
Social Science Research ◽  
General Rule ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Social Authority ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Science Evidence ◽  
Research Criteria ◽  
Science Evidence ◽  
The Way

Monahan and Walker have proposed that American judges should fundamentally alter the way they receive and assess social science evidence in court, by treating social science research as “law-like” or authoritative when certain professional research criteria are met. Strict application of the stipulated criteria to various kinds of social science research introduced into American and Canadian courts reveals, however, that such research can seldom be considered authoritative in the way Monahan and Walker imagine. Accordingly, as a general rule judges should be reluctant to apply Monahan and Walker’s “social authority” model to the courtroom resolution of difficult questions of social, economic, and cultural or historical facts.

Counting Confucians through Social Scientific Research

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Sun
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Social Science Research ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Chinese Religions ◽  
Social Scientific Research ◽  
Social Scientific ◽  
Standing Problem

This chapter discusses the long-standing problem of identifying Confucians in China (and East Asia in general) through social science research methods—a problem deeply rooted in the nineteenth-century conceptualization of Confucianism and the overall classification of Chinese religions. It investigates different types of empirical data—national censuses and surveys—from Mainland China, as well as from Taiwan, Japan, and South Korea, in order to answer two questions. First is about whether “Confucianism” is a category in religious classifications in these East Asian countries and regions; the second asks about how many people are counted as “Confucians” in China.

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