scholarly journals Association of Individual Factors with Simulator Sickness and Sense of Presence in Virtual Reality mediated by head-mounted displays (HMDs)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Grassini ◽  
Karin Laumann ◽  
Ann Kristin Luzi
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Individual Factors ◽  
Technological Advancement ◽  
Simulator Sickness ◽  
High Definition ◽  
Sense Of Presence ◽  
Head Mounted Displays ◽  
Positive Sense

Many studies have attempted to understand which individual differences may be related to the symptoms of discomfort during the virtual experience (simulator sickness) and the generally considered positive sense of being inside the simulated scene (sense of presence). Nevertheless, due to the quick technological advancement in the field of virtual reality, most of these studies are now outdated. Advanced technology for virtual reality is commonly mediated by head-mounted displays (HMDs), which aim to increase the sense of the presence of the user, remove stimuli from the external environment, and provide high definition, photo-realistic, three-dimensional images. Our results showed that motion sickness susceptibility and simulator sickness are related and neuroticism may be associated and predict simulator sickness. Furthermore, the results showed that people who are more used to playing video-games are less susceptible to simulator sickness; female participants reported more simulator sickness compared to males (but only for nausea-related symptoms). Female participants also experienced a higher sense of presence compared to males. We suggests that published findings on simulator sickness and the sense of presence in virtual reality environments need to be replicated with the use of modern HMDs.

scholarly journals Association of Individual Factors with Simulator Sickness and Sense of Presence in Virtual Reality mediated by head-mounted displays (HMDs)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Grassini ◽  
Karin Laumann ◽  
Ann Kristin Luzi
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Individual Factors ◽  
Technological Advancement ◽  
Simulator Sickness ◽  
High Definition ◽  
Sense Of Presence ◽  
Head Mounted Displays ◽  
Positive Sense

Many studies have attempted to understand which individual differences may be related to the symptoms of discomfort during the virtual experience (simulator sickness) and the generally considered positive sense of being inside the simulated scene (sense of presence). Nevertheless, due to the quick technological advancement in the field of virtual reality, most of these studies are now outdated. Advanced technology for virtual reality is commonly mediated by head-mounted displays (HMDs), which aim to increase the sense of the presence of the user, remove stimuli from the external environment, and provide high definition, photo-realistic, three-dimensional images. Our results showed that motion sickness susceptibility and simulator sickness are related and neuroticism may be associated and predict simulator sickness. Furthermore, the results showed that people who are more used to playing video-games are less susceptible to simulator sickness; female participants reported more simulator sickness compared to males (but only for nausea-related symptoms). Female participants also experienced a higher sense of presence compared to males. We suggests that published findings on simulator sickness and the sense of presence in virtual reality environments need to be replicated with the use of modern HMDs.

scholarly journals Association of Individual Factors with Simulator Sickness and Sense of Presence in Virtual Reality Mediated by Head-Mounted Displays (HMDs)

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Simone Grassini ◽  
Karin Laumann ◽  
Ann Kristin Luzi
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
External Environment ◽  
Individual Factors ◽  
Simulator Sickness ◽  
High Definition ◽  
Virtual Experience ◽  
Sense Of Presence ◽  
Head Mounted Displays ◽  
Positive Sense

Many studies have attempted to understand which individual differences may be related to the symptoms of discomfort during the virtual experience (simulator sickness) and the generally considered positive sense of being inside the simulated scene (sense of presence). Nevertheless, a very limited number of studies have employed modern consumer-oriented head-mounted displays (HMDs). These systems aim to produce a high the sense of the presence of the user, remove stimuli from the external environment, and provide high definition, photo-realistic, three-dimensional images. Our results showed that motion sickness susceptibility and simulator sickness are related, and neuroticism may be associated and predict simulator sickness. Furthermore, the results showed that people who are more used to playing videogames are less susceptible to simulator sickness; female participants reported more simulator sickness compared to males (but only for nausea-related symptoms). Female participants also experienced a higher sense of presence compared to males. We suggest that published findings on simulator sickness and the sense of presence in virtual reality environments need to be replicated with the use of modern HMDs.

Evaluating the Efficacy of Multi-Sensory Stimulations on Simulator Sickness and Sense of Presence during HMD-mediated VR Experience

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Grassini ◽  
Karin Laumann ◽  
Virginia de Martin Topranin ◽  
Sebastian Thorp
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Sensory Input ◽  
Mechanical Vibration ◽  
Sensory Stimulation ◽  
Vestibular Stimulation ◽  
Simulator Sickness ◽  
Sense Of Presence ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Seat Vibration

Virtual reality (VR) is currently being used for a wide range of applications. However, a sense of discomfort during VR experiences (commonly referred to as simulator sickness), is an obstacle for acceptance of the technology outside the niche of tech enthusiasts. Some lines of evidence have shown that sensory input, especially related to vestibular stimulation, may reduce the symptoms related to simulator sickness and increase the sense of presence. This investigation aims at understanding how mechanical vibration can be used to improve user experience in VR, reducing symptoms of simulator sickness and increasing the sense of presence. Four different groups comprising a total of 80 participants were tested under different conditions of sensory input (visual and vibratory, visual and auditory, visuo-auditory and vibratory, and visual only), during a VR roller-coaster experience. A questionnaire was used as the research instrument to evaluate both the sense of presence and the degree of simulator sickness experienced in VR. No significant differences in simulator sickness or presence were found between the groups exposed to seat vibration and/or audio. However, female participants experienced higher sense of presence when vibration was included. For participants experiencing a high degree of simulator sickness, vibration improved the experienced sense of presence, and the inclusion of vibration (but not sound) decreased the level of sickness-related disorientation. The inclusion of multi-sensory stimulation in VR revealed possibilities to improve the experience in some user categories; however, the use of vibration stimulation requires further research to be proven effective for the general public.Keywords: virtual reality, simulator sickness, presence, HMDs, vibration

scholarly journals Ideals of Immersion in Early Cinema1

2004 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Holmberg
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Strong Sense ◽  
Early Cinema ◽  
Discursive Strategies ◽  
Sense Of Presence ◽  
Classical Style

Abstract With the cliché of allegedly “primitive” cinema spectators fleeing the theatre in fear of onrushing train as a point of departures, this article investigates various immersive and stereoscopic strategies in early cinema. Although the three-dimensional or virtual qualities of, for example, phantom rides, Hale’s Tours, and early tracking shots have often been discussed, the notion of a “virtual reality avant la lettre” merits a fuller investigation. Through different technological, textual and discursive strategies, much early cinema can be seen to create a strong sense of presence or immersion that is, with the use of spectacle and engagement radically different than the sense of “identification” crucial to the later classical style.

scholarly journals Understanding How Virtual Reality Can Support Mindfulness Practice: Mixed Methods Study

10.2196/16106 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. e16106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Seabrook ◽  
Ryan Kelly ◽  
Fiona Foley ◽  
Stephen Theiler ◽  
Neil Thomas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
General Population ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
User Experience ◽  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Mindfulness Practice ◽  
Present Moment ◽  
Simulator Sickness ◽  
Sense Of Presence ◽  
State Mindfulness

Background Regular mindfulness practice has been demonstrated to be beneficial for mental health, but mindfulness can be challenging to adopt, with environmental and personal distractors often cited as challenges. Virtual reality (VR) may address these challenges by providing an immersive environment for practicing mindfulness and by supporting the user to orient attention to the present moment within a tailored virtual setting. However, there is currently a limited understanding of the ways in which VR can support or hinder mindfulness practice. Such an understanding is required to design effective VR apps while ensuring that VR-supported mindfulness is acceptable to end users. Objective This study aimed to explore how VR can support mindfulness practice and to understand user experience issues that may affect the acceptability and efficacy of VR mindfulness for users in the general population. Methods A sample of 37 participants from the general population trialed a VR mindfulness app in a controlled laboratory setting. The VR app presented users with an omnidirectional video of a peaceful forest environment with a guided mindfulness voiceover that was delivered by a male narrator. Scores on the State Mindfulness Scale, Simulator Sickness Questionnaire, and single-item measures of positive and negative emotion and arousal were measured pre- and post-VR for all participants. Qualitative feedback was collected through interviews with a subset of 19 participants. The interviews sought to understand the user experience of mindfulness practice in VR. Results State mindfulness (P<.001; Cohen d=1.80) and positive affect (P=.006; r=.45) significantly increased after using the VR mindfulness app. No notable changes in negative emotion, subjective arousal, or symptoms of simulator sickness were observed across the sample. Participants described the user experience as relaxing, calming, and peaceful. Participants suggested that the use of VR helped them to focus on the present moment by using visual and auditory elements of VR as attentional anchors. The sense of presence in the virtual environment (VE) was identified by participants as being helpful to practicing mindfulness. Interruptions to presence acted as distractors. Some uncomfortable experiences were discussed, primarily in relation to video fidelity and the weight of the VR headset, although these were infrequent and minor. Conclusions This study suggests that an appropriately designed VR app can support mindfulness practice by enhancing state mindfulness and inducing positive affect. VR may help address the challenges of practicing mindfulness by creating a sense of presence in a tailored VE; by allowing users to attend to visual and auditory anchors of their choice; and by reducing the scope of the content in users’ mind-wandering. VR has the unique capability to combine guided mindfulness practice with tailored VEs that lend themselves to support individuals to focus attention on the present moment.

Creating Telepresence in Virtual Mediated Environments

2008 ◽  
pp. 1575-1581
Author(s):  
Sana Debbabi ◽  
Serge Baile
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Human Performance ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Virtual Reality Simulation ◽  
High Definition ◽  
Media Technologies ◽  
High Definition Television ◽  
Computer Mediated

Why examine the concept of telepresence? A number of emerging technologies, including virtual reality, simulation, home theater, state-of-the-art video conferencing and virtual three-dimensional (3-D) environment, are designed to give the user a type of mediated experience that has never been possible before. This new experience seems to be “real,” “direct” and “immediate.” The term telepresence has been used to describe this compelling sense of being present in these mediated virtual environments (Held & Durlach, 1992; Steuer, 1992). On the empirical side, the use of this new revolution in media technologies has expanded to telemedicine, telepsychiatry, distance learning, legal testimony from remote locations, arcade games and more (see Lombard & Ditton, 1997). An enhanced sense of telepresence is central to the usefulness and profitability of the new technologies mentioned above, and others such as the World Wide Web and high-definition television. As underlined by Zhang, Benbasat, Carey, Davis, Galletta and Strong (2002) in the management information systems field, the concept of telepresence has become an important component of our understanding of how people experience computer-mediated environments. On the theoretical side, researchers in communication, psychology and other fields are interested in particular in how people are influenced by media presentations. An understanding of telepresence can enhance our theories here, too. Despite the centrality and importance of telepresence, it has not yet been carefully defined and explicated. In fact, researchers, especially those working on human performance in virtual reality, have noted the need to conceptualize and measure telepresence more effectively (e.g., Held & Durlach, 1992; Sheridan, 1992). In the remainder of this article, we (a) review several conceptualizations of telepresence and presence in literature, (b) review telepresence determinants, (c) outline the main methods commonly used for measuring telepresence and (d) recommend attributes of future research concerning this concept.

scholarly journals Landmarks: A solution for spatial navigation and memory experiments in virtual reality

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Starrett ◽  
Andrew S. McAvan ◽  
Derek J. Huffman ◽  
Jared D. Stokes ◽  
Colin T. Kyle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Programming Languages ◽  
Video Game ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Game Engine ◽  
3D Navigation ◽  
Head Mounted Displays ◽  
Integrated Development Environments ◽  
Video Game Development ◽  
Game Engines

Abstract Research into the behavioral and neural correlates of spatial cognition and navigation has benefited greatly from recent advances in virtual reality (VR) technology. Devices such as head-mounted displays (HMDs) and omnidirectional treadmills provide research participants with access to a more complete range of body-based cues, which facilitate the naturalistic study of learning and memory in three-dimensional (3D) spaces. One limitation to using these technologies for research applications is that they almost ubiquitously require integration with video game development platforms, also known as game engines. While powerful, game engines do not provide an intrinsic framework for experimental design and require at least a working proficiency with the software and any associated programming languages or integrated development environments (IDEs). Here, we present a new asset package, called Landmarks, for designing and building 3D navigation experiments in the Unity game engine. Landmarks combines the ease of building drag-and-drop experiments using no code, with the flexibility of allowing users to modify existing aspects, create new content, and even contribute their work to the open-source repository via GitHub, if they so choose. Landmarks is actively maintained and is supplemented by a wiki with resources for users including links, tutorials, videos, and more. We compare several alternatives to Landmarks for building navigation experiments and 3D experiments more generally, provide an overview of the package and its structure in the context of the Unity game engine, and discuss benefits relating to the ongoing and future development of Landmarks.

Research on the Application of Animation Technology in Three Dimensional City Modeling

2013 ◽  
Vol 671-674 ◽  
pp. 3216-3222
Author(s):  
De Ming Yang ◽  
Jia Yu ◽  
Feng Hui Liang ◽  
Xue Wei Wu ◽  
Guang Dao Bao
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Aerospace Industry ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Three Dimension ◽  
Experimental Plot ◽  
City Modeling ◽  
Mapping Technology ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Cartoon Animation

Virtual reality is an advanced technology in recent, it had been widely used in urban planning, medicine, art, education, military and aerospace industry, hydrology geology research and other related fields. This paper started from the application of regional three dimension virtual reality, combined the cartoon animation technology and mapping technology. By making use of experimental plot data to set up 3D virtual reality database which passed the verification platform, and finally find a way that can be widely used to product 3D virtual reality database.

scholarly journals Education in the Digital Age: Learning Experience in Virtual and Mixed Realities

2021 ◽  
pp. 073563312098512
Author(s):  
Devon Allcoat ◽  
Tim Hatchard ◽  
Freeha Azmat ◽  
Kim Stansfield ◽  
Derrick Watson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Mixed Reality ◽  
Learning Experience ◽  
Traditional Learning ◽  
Simulator Sickness ◽  
Learning Condition ◽  
Sense Of Presence ◽  
The 1960S

In recent years Virtual Reality has been revitalized, having gained and lost popularity between the 1960s and 1990s, and is now widely used for entertainment purposes. However, Virtual Reality, along with Mixed Reality and Augmented Reality, has broader application possibilities, thanks to significant advances in technology and accessibility. In the current study, we examined the effectiveness of these new technologies for use in education. We found that learning in both virtual and mixed environments resulted in similar levels of performance to traditional learning. However, participants reported higher levels of engagement in both Virtual Reality and Mixed Reality conditions compared to the traditional learning condition, and higher levels of positive emotions in the Virtual Reality condition. No simulator sickness was found from using either headset, and both headsets scored similarly for system usability and user acceptance of the technology. Virtual Reality, however, did produce a higher sense of presence than Mixed Reality. Overall, the findings suggest that some benefits can be gained from using Virtual and Mixed Realities for education.

Application of Virtual Reality Technology in Construction Control and Management

2013 ◽  
Vol 427-429 ◽  
pp. 2851-2854 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Ping Qin
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Construction Control ◽  
Construction Process ◽  
Virtual Reality System ◽  
Virtual Reality Technology ◽  
Engineering Construction ◽  
Virtual Construction ◽  
Control And Management

The virtual reality is an advanced technology in the modern man-made environment. A three-dimensional virtual reality world is produced by computer simulation to make users feel as if they were personally on the scene. By building the virtual model and virtual construction process, construction control and management based on the virtual reality system can be used to improve efficiency of project management and construction, ensure construction progress, save cost, improve safety and reduce engineering risk, so as to provide guidance for engineering construction.

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