scholarly journals Evidence from mass-transactional data that chaotic spending behaviour precedes consumer financial distress

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naomi Kate Muggleton ◽  
Edika G Quispe-Torreblanca ◽  
David Leake ◽  
John Gathergood ◽  
Neil Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Financial Distress ◽  
Financial Institution ◽  
Ecological Validity ◽  
Psychological Traits ◽  
High Entropy ◽  
Entropy Measures ◽  
Candidate Personality ◽  
Data Source ◽  
Chaotic Nature ◽  
Transactional Data

The prevalence of digital footprints can allow researchers to study the personalities of millions of individuals with improved ecological validity. We present spending entropy as a candidate personality trait derived as a feature of an objective big data source---mass-transactional data from millions of bank accounts. Entropy measures the unpredictability of spending and acts as a measure of the chaotic nature of a person's life. Over and above how much money people spend, and what the money is spent on, spending entropy positively relates to future financial distress. High entropy leads to increased probability of missed payments across financial products. Entropy temporally relates to future distress three months ahead including more severe measures of distress. We replicate our findings in personal current account, loan, and mortgage holders in a second financial institution. Our findings suggest that high-dimensional data can be used to build psychological traits that predict outcomes in novel situations.

scholarly journals Can Psychological Traits Be Inferred From Spending? Evidence From Transaction Data

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (7) ◽  
pp. 1087-1096 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joe J. Gladstone ◽  
Sandra C. Matz ◽  
Alain Lemaire
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Accuracy ◽  
Ecological Validity ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Automatic Assessment ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Psychological Traits ◽  
Ensemble Machine Learning ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Survey Responses

The automatic assessment of psychological traits from digital footprints allows researchers to study psychological traits at unprecedented scale and in settings of high ecological validity. In this research, we investigated whether spending records—a ubiquitous and universal form of digital footprint—can be used to infer psychological traits. We applied an ensemble machine-learning technique ( random-forest modeling) to a data set combining two million spending records from bank accounts with survey responses from the account holders ( N = 2,193). Our predictive accuracies were modest for the Big Five personality traits ( r = .15, corrected ρ = .21) but provided higher precision for specific traits, including materialism ( r = .33, corrected ρ = .42). We compared the predictive accuracy of these models with the predictive accuracy of alternative digital behaviors used in past research, including those observed on social media platforms, and we found that the predictive accuracies were relatively stable across socioeconomic groups and over time.

scholarly journals EVALUASI PERLAKUAN AKUNTANSI ASET TETAP MENURUT PSAK NO. 16 PADA PT BANK MALUKU MALUT CABANG TOBELO

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Deisy Seleste Ruata ◽  
Jantje J. Tinangon ◽  
Lidia M. Mawikere
Keyword(s):  
Financial Institution ◽  
Financial Accounting ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Main Function ◽  
Banking Services ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Fixed Assets ◽  
Data Source ◽  
Operational Activity ◽  
Straight Line Method

The Bank is a financial institution whose main function is to raise funds from the community, and also provide services in the form of banking services. A bank in carrying out an operational activity always requires a variety of equipment, equipment, vehicles, and other means in terms of supporting activities carried out called fixed assets. This study aims to see how the accounting treatment of fixed assets, whether implemented in accordance with PSAK No. 16. Type of research used by the authors is qualitative data. Data source used is primary data. The method of analysis is descriptive method. The result of the research shows that PT Bank Maluku Malut Tobelo Branch in calculating depreciation using straight-line method of accounting treatment of fixed assets in terms of distribution, measurement, valuation, and presentation there is no problem at all applied by PT Bank Maluku Malut Tobelo Branch complies with the standard statement financial accounting No. 16.Keywords : Evaluation Treatment, Accounting, fixed assets,

Abstract 2168: Efficient Detection of Atrial Fibrillation and Congestive Heart Failure in Single-Lead Devices

Circulation ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 118 (suppl_18) ◽  
Author(s):  
Randall Moorman ◽  
Yuping Xiao ◽  
Douglas Lake
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Congestive Heart Failure ◽  
Primary Prevention ◽  
Rr Intervals ◽  
High Entropy ◽  
Efficient Detection ◽  
Entropy Measures ◽  
Ectopic Beats ◽  
Roc Area

Patients receiving primary prevention single lead ICDs are at risk for atrial fibrillation (AF) and congestive heart failure (CHF). No such device reports AF burden, and only a single CHF measure, trans-thoracic impedance, is available. Entropy measures that count the number of matching RR intervals have promise, as AF is random (high entropy) and CHF is often marked by reduced heart rate variability (RR intervals with many matches) and ectopic beats (few matches). We designed entropy-based measures to detect AF (high entropy) and CHF (mixture of RR intervals with many and with few matches). For real-world implementation, we used only 12 RR intervals, and calculated the result every 30 minutes in 24-hour Holter monitor records from the MIT-BIH databases. The Figure shows distinction among AF, NSR and CHF records using HR and S.D. (panel A) or the new entropy-based measures. Panel A shows poor diagnostic performance of conventional measures. In Panel B, the y-axis, COSEn, is the coefficient of sample entropy. The AF records all have higher values, and the ROC area is 1.00. The x-axis is a measure of template match counts. It distinguishes between normals and CHF patients with ROC area 0.92. With only 12 RR intervals every 30 minutes, entropy calculations allow for efficient detection of AF and CHF. We propose that single lead devices can be employed as monitors in the primary prevention population, where risk of AF and CHF is high.

Credit Card Fraud Detection: Advanced Real-time Application of Deep Sequential Models

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 1037-1043
Keyword(s):  
Credit Card ◽  
Financial Institution ◽  
Assembly Model ◽  
Suggested Model ◽  
Machine Learning Methods ◽  
Card Payment ◽  
Sequential Models ◽  
Transactional Data ◽  
Sequential Modeling ◽  
Real Time Application

In contemporary times, the rapid growth of e-commerce technologies has rendered it possible for people to select the most popular items in terms of recommended price, quality and quantity among various services, facilities, shops and stores from all around the world. Intriguingly enough, the ease of doing things has also made it easier for fraudsters to abuse this huge opportunity. As credit card has emerged to be the most popular mode of payment, the fraudulent activities using credit card payment technologies are fast increasing as a result. Therefore, it is inevitable for a financial institution to think of an automatic and fool-proof prevention mechanism to detect and prevent fraudulent activities. Although many works have been done in this area using traditional statistical and machine learning methods, they suffer from deficiencies as most of them have not taken the sequential nature of transactional data into account. In this paper, we propose an assembly model based on sequential modeling of data using deep recurrent neural networks and a novel selection mechanism based on an artificial neural network to detect fraudulent actions. As the experiments demonstrated, our suggested model outperforms the advanced models in all assessment criteria.

scholarly journals Impact of Basel III framework on financial distress: A case study of Pakistan

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irum Saba ◽  
Hafiz Muhammad Waqas Ashraf Ashraf ◽  
Rehana Kouser
Keyword(s):  
Financial Distress ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Financial Institution ◽  
Probability Model ◽  
The Status ◽  
Capital Ratios ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Logistic Probability

Purpose: New liquidity rules phased under the Basel lll define the new stable funding ratios (NSFR) increase the stability of the funding structure of the financial institution. Using a Pakistani banking data, we tested the relevance of both Structural liquidity and Capital ratios as defined in the Basel lll. We used the broad definition of the failure and distress to check the status of the banking sector. If the banks fail, then it denoted by 1 otherwise 0.  We use the logistic regression in our study. Estimate from several versions of the logistic probability model indicate that the likelihood of failure and distress decrease with increase liquidity holding while capital ratios are not significant. Our result provides support for the Basel lll that the NSFR has the inverse relation with the bank failure and distress. This study also compared the two versions of the NSFR. NSFR-10 and NSFR-14 are the two versions. Our analysis tells that the NSFR-14 is more reliable as compare to the NSFR-10. We also check the bank situations whether it lies in the failure and distress condition or in active banks. In this study we also check the other variables that have an important impact on the stability and failure and distress of the banks.

scholarly journals Super-unsupervised text classification for labeling online political hate

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stig Hebbelstrup Rye Rasmussen ◽  
Alexander Bor ◽  
Mathias Osmundsen ◽  
Michael Bang Petersen
Keyword(s):  
Unsupervised Learning ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Ecological Validity ◽  
Face Validity ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Psychological Constructs ◽  
Convergent And Discriminant Validity ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Learning Techniques ◽  
Data Source

We live in a world of text but the sheer magnitude of social media data coupled with a need to measure complex psychological constructs have made this important source of data difficult to use for many social scientists. Either researchers engage in costly hand-coding of thousands of texts using supervised techniques or in unsupervised techniques where the measurement of predefined constructs are difficult. We propose a novel approach which we call super-unsupervised learning using the psychologically complex construct online political hate. This approach draws on the best features from both supervised and unsupervised learning techniques: Measurements of complex psychological constructs without a single labelled data source. We first outline the approach and then provide tests of (i) face validity, (ii) convergent and discriminant validity, (iii) criterion validity, (iv) external validity and (v) ecological validity.

scholarly journals Entropy Mapping Approach for Functional Reentry Detection in Atrial Fibrillation: An In-Silico Study

Entropy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Ugarte ◽  
Catalina Tobón ◽  
Andrés Orozco-Duque
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Action Potential ◽  
Approximate Entropy ◽  
Human Action ◽  
Fractional Diffusion ◽  
Observation Window ◽  
High Entropy ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
Entropy Measures ◽  
In Silico Study

Catheter ablation of critical electrical propagation sites is a promising tool for reducing the recurrence of atrial fibrillation (AF). The spatial identification of the arrhythmogenic mechanisms sustaining AF requires the evaluation of electrograms (EGMs) recorded over the atrial surface. This work aims to characterize functional reentries using measures of entropy to track and detect a reentry core. To this end, different AF episodes are simulated using a 2D model of atrial tissue. Modified Courtemanche human action potential and Fenton–Karma models are implemented. Action potential propagation is modeled by a fractional diffusion equation, and virtual unipolar EGM are calculated. Episodes with stable and meandering rotors, figure-of-eight reentry, and disorganized propagation with multiple reentries are generated. Shannon entropy ( S h E n ), approximate entropy ( A p E n ), and sample entropy ( S a m p E n ) are computed from the virtual EGM, and entropy maps are built. Phase singularity maps are implemented as references. The results show that A p E n and S a m p E n maps are able to detect and track the reentry core of rotors and figure-of-eight reentry, while the S h E n results are not satisfactory. Moreover, A p E n and S a m p E n consistently highlight a reentry core by high entropy values for all of the studied cases, while the ability of S h E n to characterize the reentry core depends on the propagation dynamics. Such features make the A p E n and S a m p E n maps attractive tools for the study of AF reentries that persist for a period of time that is similar to the length of the observation window, and reentries could be interpreted as AF-sustaining mechanisms. Further research is needed to determine and fully understand the relation of these entropy measures with fibrillation mechanisms other than reentries.

scholarly journals IMPLEMENTASI FATWA-FATWA DSN-MUI PADA PEMBIAYAAN DANA TALANGAN HAJI (STUDI KASUS PADA PADA KSPPS BTM MULIA BABAT – LAMONGAN)

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Arif Rahman Saidi ◽  
Warsidi Warsidi
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Financial Institution ◽  
Supervisory Board ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Economic Law ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Data Source ◽  
Data Collection Technique ◽  
Correct Understanding ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT The use of religious guidances from DSN-MUI as a basis of delivering products in the Micro-Sharia Financial Institution (LKS)  is not accompanied by a complete and correct understanding of the implementation. It can be seen in among others, the fund financing of hajj bailout. There are many different kinds of contracts used by micro-sharia financial institution in the hajj bailout fund financing, such as the contract of qardh bil ujrah and ijarah multijasa, even there are those that uses murabahah contract in the hajj fund financing.The author's interest in examining the implementation of hajj bailout fund financing in KSPPS BTM Mulia is because the KSPPS BTM Mulia used the contract of qardh bil ujrah and then change it into ijarah multijasa at the beginning of the emergence of the product of hajj bailout fund financing. The author intends to find out about the implementation in KSPPS BTM Mulia, which contract is most in accordance with the Sharia economic law, and what are the impact of the changes for KSPPS BTM Mulia.This study is a qualitative-descriptive research which uses the data collection technique with observation, interview, and documentation. The data source of this study is: (1) the person who is involved in hajj fund financing in KSPPS BTM Mulia starting from the management, Sharia supervisory board, marketing, legal, and customers; and (2) contract documents, minutes of meetings, and other documents which related to and needed in this study.From this study, it is known that the implementation of hajj bailout fund financing in KSPPS BTM Mulia that uses the qardh bil ujrahcontract, the halal status  cannot be guaranteed, while the ijarah multijasa contract with little improvement will be more appropriate and in accordance with the Islamic Sharia principles. Keywords      :Hajj Bailout Fund Financing, Contract ofQardh ,Ijarah Multijasa, Kafalah

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