scholarly journals Stressed, Depressed, and Rank Obsessed

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey J Kim
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Social Rank ◽  
Low Rank ◽  
Big 5 ◽  
Depressive Symptomology ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
Fears Of Compassion ◽  
Future Work ◽  
Compassion Scale

As social creatures we monitor our relative rank and/or status with others via social comparisons. Whilst research has identified perceptions of inferiority or ‘low rank’ relative to others is a robust predictor of depressive, anxious, and stress symptomology, to date individual differences have been ignored. Here we provide empirical evidence for how divergence across personality traits interact with social rank variables to buffer or predispose toward depressive symptomology. Across three independent samples (N = 595) we replicated a social rank model of mental health, and with our third sample (N = 200) we sought to investigate attenuating roles for neuroticism vs compassion with multiple moderated regression models. Neuroticism predicted greater levels of rank-associated depression, and compassion failed to function as a protective factor for rank-associated depression. However, a closer inspection of the original Big-5 factor-structure positions this scale as a measure of ‘interpersonal submissiveness’ or ‘conflict appeasement’ rather than genuine compassion. Whilst it is necessary to delineate the conditions where compassion is appropriate and able to lead to positive mental-health outcomes, we argue this cannot be addressed with the Big-5 measure of trait compassion. We call for future work to consider valid and reliable measures for compassion, such as the self-compassion scale, submissive compassion scale, and fears of compassion scale, to more fully address how compassion may protect against both rank-based comparisons and severity of depression.

scholarly journals Self-Compassion, Social Rank, and Psychological Distress in Varyingly Competitive Athletes

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Courtney C. Walton ◽  
John Baranoff ◽  
Paul Gilbert ◽  
James Kirby
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Social Rank ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Model ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Validated Questionnaires ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
Competitive Athletes ◽  
Fears Of Compassion ◽  
Compassion Scale

AbstractBackground: Self-Compassion may be seen as a concept contrary to the aims of athletes engaged in competitive sport. This may be accentuated at more elite levels, where athletes may view concepts like self-criticism and self-judgement as more important for improvement. Objectives: The current study aimed to better understand how athletes of different competitive levels (from social to international) relate to concepts of self-compassion. Further, we aimed to explore how factors relating to social rank and self-compassion contribute to athlete mental health.Design: Cross-sectional online survey.Method: An online survey was distributed, including the following validated questionnaires: Depression Anxiety and Stress Scales, the Self-Compassion Scale, Fears of Compassion Scales, Social Comparison Scale, Forms of Self-Criticising/Attacking & Self-Reassuring Scale, and the Striving to Avoid Inferiority Scale. Results: Two hundred and fifty-three participants responded to the survey, including 115 recreational and 79 competitive athletes. There were no differences between groups on any measure of compassion or social rank. In a multiple linear regression model, lower self-compassion, higher fears of compassion (for self), and higher feelings of inadequacy predicted more pronounced psychological distress in athletes.Conclusions: Contrary to expectation, the results suggest that even highly elite athletes may be open to using self-compassion. Given that self-compassion and sense of social rank contributed to psychological distress in athletes, the results suggest that compassion-based approaches to treating psychological distress in this population may be valid.

scholarly journals Ceremonial Ayahuasca in Amazonian Retreats—Mental Health and Epigenetic Outcomes From a Six-Month Naturalistic Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon G. D. Ruffell ◽  
Nige Netzband ◽  
WaiFung Tsang ◽  
Merlin Davies ◽  
Matthew Butler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Amazon Basin ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Naturalistic Study ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
Compassion Scale

Ayahuasca is a natural psychoactive brew, used in traditional ceremonies in the Amazon basin. Recent research has indicated that ayahuasca is pharmacologically safe and its use may be positively associated with improvements in psychiatric symptoms. The mechanistic effects of ayahuasca are yet to be fully established. In this prospective naturalistic study, 63 self-selected participants took part in ayahuasca ceremonies at a retreat centre in the Peruvian Amazon. Participants undertook the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Self-compassion Scale (SCS), Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation-Outcome Measure (CORE-OM), as well as secondary measures, pre- and post-retreat and at 6-months. Participants also provided saliva samples for pre/post epigenetic analysis. Overall, a statistically significant decrease in BDI-II (13.9 vs. 6.1, p < 0.001), STAI (44.4 vs. 34.3 p < 0.001) scores, and CORE-OM scores were observed (37.3 vs. 22.3 p < 0.001) at post-retreat, as well as a concurrent increase in SCS (3.1 vs. 3.6, p < 0.001). Psychometric improvements were sustained, and on some measures values further decreased at 6-month follow-up, suggesting a potential for lasting therapeutic effects. Changes in memory valence were linked to the observed psychometric improvements. Epigenetic findings were equivocal, but indicated that further research in candidate genes, such as sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 1 (SIGMAR1), is warranted. This data adds to the literature supporting ayahuasca's possible positive impact on mental health when conducted in a ceremonial context. Further investigation into clinical samples, as well as greater analyses into the mechanistic action of ayahuasca is advised.

scholarly journals Relationship of Mental Health Stigma with Self Compassion and other Factors

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naveed Shibli ◽  
Zarqa Latif
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
The Self ◽  
Mental Health Stigma ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Compassion Scale ◽  
Indoor And Outdoor

<p>A study was conducted in various hospitals and clinics to find out the relationship of mental health stigma with Buddhist concept self-compassion. 300 patients those included 150 indoor patients and 150 outdoor patients were studied. Self-compassion scale and Discrimination and stigma scale (DISC-12) were used. It was assumed that that a relationship may be found between self compassion level and mental health stigma? The responses of the patients were analyzed with SPSS (22). The Self compassion responses reflected low 144 (48 %), moderate, 148 (49.3 %) and 8 (2.7 %) high levels, however, no significant relationship was found between self compassion and mental health stigma. Some important information about indoor and outdoor patients, gender, mental status and various classifications of mental illness and relationship of these with mental health stigma also emerged. The study in a noticeable manner contributed towards the understanding of mental health stigma, cross cultural applications recommended. </p>

scholarly journals Relationship of Mental Health Stigma with Self Compassion and other Factors

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naveed Shibli ◽  
Zarqa Latif
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
The Self ◽  
Mental Health Stigma ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Compassion Scale ◽  
Indoor And Outdoor

<p>A study was conducted in various hospitals and clinics to find out the relationship of mental health stigma with Buddhist concept self-compassion. 300 patients those included 150 indoor patients and 150 outdoor patients were studied. Self-compassion scale and Discrimination and stigma scale (DISC-12) were used. It was assumed that that a relationship may be found between self compassion level and mental health stigma? The responses of the patients were analyzed with SPSS (22). The Self compassion responses reflected low 144 (48 %), moderate, 148 (49.3 %) and 8 (2.7 %) high levels, however, no significant relationship was found between self compassion and mental health stigma. Some important information about indoor and outdoor patients, gender, mental status and various classifications of mental illness and relationship of these with mental health stigma also emerged. The study in a noticeable manner contributed towards the understanding of mental health stigma, cross cultural applications recommended. </p>

scholarly journals Mindfulness and self-compassion as predictors of humor styles in US and Russia

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.I. Khramtsova ◽  
T.S. Chuykova
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
College Students ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
Western World ◽  
Unique Contribution ◽  
Humor Styles ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
Compassion Scale

Mindfulness and self-compassion are increasingly coming into mainstream psychological research in the Western world as they correlate with and predict various aspects of mental health and positivity. However, little is known about their relationship to another construct that is also associated with well-being, that is, humor. The unique contribution of the present study is in exploring whether mindfulness and self-compas- sion would predict the use of adaptive and maladaptive humor styles and whether this prediction will be the same across cultures. 90 U.S. and 106 Russian college students responded to a survey consisting of three measures: Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS; Brown &amp; Ryan, 2003), Self-Compassion Scale-Short Form (SCS-SF; Raes, Pommier, Neff, &amp; Van Gucht, 2011), and Humor Styles Questionnaire (HSQ; Martin, Puhlik-Doris, Larsen, Gray, &amp; Weir, 2003). Our findings suggest that mind- fulness and self-compassion can serve as predictors of humor styles, that is, more mind- ful and self-compassionate participants tended to use more adaptive humor styles and less maladaptive styles. However, the contribution of these two variables to the vari- ance in humor styles depended on the culture.

Direct and indirect effects of bereaved caregivers’ self-compassion on their complicated grief and their child’s mental health

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Na Zhang ◽  
Irwin Sandler ◽  
Jenn-Yun Tein ◽  
Sharlene Wolchik ◽  
Erin Donohue
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Externalizing Problems ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Complicated Grief ◽  
Parental Warmth ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing Problems ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
Bereaved Children ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing

Self-compassion, which involves mindfulness, self-kindness, and common humanity, has been found to be related to individuals’ mental health. Few studies have examined caregivers’ self-compassion in relation to parenting behaviors or child adjustment in addition to its relation their own mental health. Objectives: In the current study we examined caregivers’ self-compassion as a protective factor related to parentally bereaved children’s internalizing and externalizing problems. We further tested whether the relations were mediated by caregivers’ parenting practices or complicated grief (i.e., persistent severe grief reactions that impair normal functioning). Methods: The sample consists of caregivers who participated in an intervention study for bereaved families and reported high levels of complicated grief. At T1 (baseline) and T2 (20 weeks later), caregivers completed surveys on demographic information, self-compassion, complicated grief, parental warmth and consistent discipline, as well as child internalizing and externalizing problems. Results: Findings supported that caregivers’ self-compassion was prospectively related to decreased internalizing and externalizing problems in bereaved children. The effect of self-compassion on externalizing problems was mediated by parental warmth and consistent discipline. Self-compassion was also prospectively associated with decreased complicated grief and psychological distress, although complicated grief and psychological distress were not related to child outcomes. Conclusions: These findings add to the knowledge on the psychological benefits of self-compassion for both bereaved children and their caregivers.

scholarly journals Territory, Rank and Mental Health: The History of an Idea

2007 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 147470490700500 ◽  
Author(s):  
John S. Price ◽  
Russell Gardner ◽  
Daniel R. Wilson ◽  
Leon Sloman ◽  
Peter Rohde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Depressed Mood ◽  
Social Rank ◽  
Clinical Work ◽  
Leadership Role ◽  
Clinical Depression ◽  
High Rank ◽  
Low Rank ◽  
History Of

We trace the development of ideas about the relation of mood to social rank and territory. We suggest that elevated mood enabled a person to rise in rank and cope with the increased activities and responsibilities of a leadership role, while depressed mood enabled a person to accept low rank and to forego the rewards associated with high rank. This led to the concept of a trio of agonist/investor strategy sets, each consisting of escalating and de-escalating strategies, one set at each of the three levels of the triune forebrain. Depressed mood can be seen as a de-escalating (appeasement) strategy at the lowest (reptilian) level; this should facilitate de-escalation at the highest (rational) level, but sometimes this rational level de-escalation is blocked (e.g., by stubbornness, courage, pride or ambition) and then clinical depression may ensue. These evolved psychobiological mechanisms survived the partial transition from agonistic to prestige competition. We discuss difficulties which have arisen with our ideas, and their implications for clinical work and research.

Validierung einer deutschen Version der Self-Compassion Scale (SCS-D)

2011 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jörg Hupfeld ◽  
Nicole Ruffieux
Keyword(s):  
Reliabilität Und Validität ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
Compassion Scale

Zusammenfassung. Theoretischer Hintergrund: Self-Compassion bezeichnet eine positive Grundeinstellung gegenüber der eigenen Person in schwierigen Lebenssituationen. Dieses Persönlichkeitsmerkmal hat sich als wirksamer Schutzfaktor erwiesen, der die emotionale Resilienz fördert. In letzter Zeit wurden Therapieansätze entwickelt, in denen die Förderung von Self-Compassion eine zentrale Rolle einnimmt. Fragestellung: Wie gut sind die Gütekriterien der deutschen Übersetzung der Self-Compassion Scale (SCS-D)? Methode: Die 26-Item Skala wurde ins Deutsche übersetzt. An zwei Stichproben (396 und 165 Personen) wurden die dimensionale Struktur, Reliabilität und Validität der Skala überprüft. Ergebnisse: In Übereinstimmung mit den Ergebnissen zur Originalfassung zeigten sich für die SCS-D eine sechsfaktorielle Struktur und erwartungsgemäße Zusammenhänge mit psychischer Belastung und subjektivem Wohlbefinden. Schlussfolgerung: Mit der deutschen Übersetzung der SCS liegt ein Inventar vor, mit dem Self-Compassion ökonomisch, reliabel und valide erfasst werden kann.

Self-Compassion: A Protective Factor Against Self-Stigma for Sexual Minorities?

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stacey L. Williams ◽  
Sheri L. Chandler ◽  
Sarah Claiborne
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Minorities ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Self Compassion
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