scholarly journals Self-Compassion, Social Rank, and Psychological Distress in Varyingly Competitive Athletes

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Courtney C. Walton ◽  
John Baranoff ◽  
Paul Gilbert ◽  
James Kirby
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Social Rank ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Model ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Validated Questionnaires ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
Competitive Athletes ◽  
Fears Of Compassion ◽  
Compassion Scale

AbstractBackground: Self-Compassion may be seen as a concept contrary to the aims of athletes engaged in competitive sport. This may be accentuated at more elite levels, where athletes may view concepts like self-criticism and self-judgement as more important for improvement. Objectives: The current study aimed to better understand how athletes of different competitive levels (from social to international) relate to concepts of self-compassion. Further, we aimed to explore how factors relating to social rank and self-compassion contribute to athlete mental health.Design: Cross-sectional online survey.Method: An online survey was distributed, including the following validated questionnaires: Depression Anxiety and Stress Scales, the Self-Compassion Scale, Fears of Compassion Scales, Social Comparison Scale, Forms of Self-Criticising/Attacking & Self-Reassuring Scale, and the Striving to Avoid Inferiority Scale. Results: Two hundred and fifty-three participants responded to the survey, including 115 recreational and 79 competitive athletes. There were no differences between groups on any measure of compassion or social rank. In a multiple linear regression model, lower self-compassion, higher fears of compassion (for self), and higher feelings of inadequacy predicted more pronounced psychological distress in athletes.Conclusions: Contrary to expectation, the results suggest that even highly elite athletes may be open to using self-compassion. Given that self-compassion and sense of social rank contributed to psychological distress in athletes, the results suggest that compassion-based approaches to treating psychological distress in this population may be valid.

scholarly journals Stressed, Depressed, and Rank Obsessed

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey J Kim
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Social Rank ◽  
Low Rank ◽  
Big 5 ◽  
Depressive Symptomology ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
Fears Of Compassion ◽  
Future Work ◽  
Compassion Scale

As social creatures we monitor our relative rank and/or status with others via social comparisons. Whilst research has identified perceptions of inferiority or ‘low rank’ relative to others is a robust predictor of depressive, anxious, and stress symptomology, to date individual differences have been ignored. Here we provide empirical evidence for how divergence across personality traits interact with social rank variables to buffer or predispose toward depressive symptomology. Across three independent samples (N = 595) we replicated a social rank model of mental health, and with our third sample (N = 200) we sought to investigate attenuating roles for neuroticism vs compassion with multiple moderated regression models. Neuroticism predicted greater levels of rank-associated depression, and compassion failed to function as a protective factor for rank-associated depression. However, a closer inspection of the original Big-5 factor-structure positions this scale as a measure of ‘interpersonal submissiveness’ or ‘conflict appeasement’ rather than genuine compassion. Whilst it is necessary to delineate the conditions where compassion is appropriate and able to lead to positive mental-health outcomes, we argue this cannot be addressed with the Big-5 measure of trait compassion. We call for future work to consider valid and reliable measures for compassion, such as the self-compassion scale, submissive compassion scale, and fears of compassion scale, to more fully address how compassion may protect against both rank-based comparisons and severity of depression.

Psychological Impacts of COVID-19 During the First Nationwide Lockdown in Vietnam: Web-Based, Cross-Sectional Survey Study (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khanh Ngoc Cong Duong ◽  
Tien Nguyen Le Bao ◽  
Phuong Thi Lan Nguyen ◽  
Thanh Vo Van ◽  
Toi Phung Lam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
General Population ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
The Impact

BACKGROUND The first nationwide lockdown due to the COVID-19 pandemic was implemented in Vietnam from April 1 to 15, 2020. Nevertheless, there has been limited information on the impact of COVID-19 on the psychological health of the public. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of psychological issues and identify the factors associated with the psychological impact of COVID-19 during the first nationwide lockdown among the general population in Vietnam. METHODS We employed a cross-sectional study design with convenience sampling. A self-administered, online survey was used to collect data and assess psychological distress, depression, anxiety, and stress of participants from April 10 to 15, 2020. The Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) and the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) were utilized to assess psychological distress, depression, anxiety, and stress of participants during social distancing due to COVID-19. Associations across factors were explored using regression analysis. RESULTS A total of 1385 respondents completed the survey. Of this, 35.9% (n=497) experienced psychological distress, as well as depression (n=325, 23.5%), anxiety (n=195, 14.1%), and stress (n=309, 22.3%). Respondents who evaluated their physical health as average had a higher IES-R score (beta coefficient [B]=9.16, 95% CI 6.43 to 11.89), as well as higher depression (B=5.85, 95% CI 4.49 to 7.21), anxiety (B=3.64, 95% CI 2.64 to 4.63), and stress (B=5.19, 95% CI 3.83 to 6.56) scores for DASS-21 than those who rated their health as good or very good. Those who self-reported their health as bad or very bad experienced more severe depression (B=9.57, 95% CI 4.54 to 14.59), anxiety (B=7.24, 95% CI 3.55 to 10.9), and stress (B=10.60, 95% CI 5.56 to 15.65). Unemployment was more likely to be associated with depression (B=3.34, 95% CI 1.68 to 5.01) and stress (B=2.34, 95% CI 0.84 to 3.85). Regarding worries about COVID-19, more than half (n=755, 54.5%) expressed concern for their children aged <18 years, which increased their IES-R score (B=7.81, 95% CI 4.98 to 10.64) and DASS-21 stress score (B=1.75, 95% CI 0.27 to 3.24). The majority of respondents (n=1335, 96.4%) were confident about their doctor’s expertise in terms of COVID-19 diagnosis and treatment, which was positively associated with less distress caused by the outbreak (B=–7.84, 95% CI –14.58 to –1.11). CONCLUSIONS The findings highlight the effect of COVID-19 on mental health during the nationwide lockdown among the general population in Vietnam. The study provides useful evidence for policy decision makers to develop and implement interventions to mitigate these impacts. CLINICALTRIAL

scholarly journals A Preliminary Investigation Into the Relationship Between Autistic Traits and Self-Compassion

2020 ◽  
pp. 003329412095724
Author(s):  
Abby Howes ◽  
Gareth Richards ◽  
John Galvin
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Autistic Traits ◽  
The Self ◽  
Social Challenges ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
The Social ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Compassion Scale

Self-compassion refers to the extension of kindness to oneself when faced with feelings of inadequacies, shortcomings or failures. It is possible that individuals high in autistic traits may encounter difficulties with self-compassion, and this could be particularly pronounced due to the social challenges they might face. To explore this potential relationship, we recruited university students and members of the general population to an online survey (n = 176). Participants completed measures on demographics, autistic traits, and self-compassion. We found that autistic traits were indeed negatively correlated with self-compassion in both males and females. Interestingly, a comparison of the slopes showed significantly stronger relationships in males compared to females for the negative (but not the positive) subscales of the self-compassion scale. Although speculative at this point, it is possible that self-compassion acts as a mediator between autistic traits and psychopathology. With this in mind, further work is warranted to determine whether self-compassion could be a target for therapeutic intervention.

Self-compassion and insomnia at pregnancy

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. s268-s268 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Marques ◽  
A.T. Pereira ◽  
V. Freitas ◽  
E. Bento ◽  
J. Azevedo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
The Self ◽  
Common Humanity ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Compassion Scale ◽  
Insomnia Symptoms ◽  
In Pregnancy

IntroductionMindfulness based programs during pregnancy (some including self-compassion components) increase self-compassion, mindfulness and maternal self-efficacy, and reduce anxiety, stress and psychological distress in pregnant women. According to our knowledge, there are no studies about the association between self-compassion and sleep outcomes in pregnancy.ObjectiveTo explore differences in self-compassion, between three sleep groups, in a sample of Portuguese pregnant women.MethodsFour hundred and nineteen pregnant women (mean age: 32.51 ± 4.759; weeks of gestation: 17.32 ± 4.803) completed the Self-Compassion Scale (SCS, Bento et al., 2015), presenting six dimensions (self-kindness, self-judgment, common humanity, isolation, mindfulness and over-identification) and the Insomnia Assessment Scale (Marques et al., 2015). Three sleep groups were formed: good sleepers (no insomnia symptoms; no associated daily impairment); insomnia symptoms groups (one/more insomnia symptoms; no associated daily impairment); insomniacs (one/more insomnia symptoms; daily associated impairment).ResultsThere were significant differences in the total SCS, self-judgment, isolation and over-identification scores, between sleep groups [respectively, F (2,396) = 7,926, P ≤ 0,001; F (2,409) = 19,155, P ≤ 0,001; F (2,410) = 13,016, P ≤ 0,001; F (2,412) = 11,258, P ≤ 0,001]. Self-judgement, isolation and over-identification scores of good sleepers and insomnia symptoms group were higher than of insomniacs. Total SCS score of good sleepers was higher than of insomniacs and the same score of symptoms of insomnia group was also higher than of insomniacs.ConclusionsResults seem to show the importance of developing self-compassion to improve sleep in pregnancy or reduce the impact of insomnia symptoms (common at pregnancy).Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals A cross-sectional survey of psychological distress in a Mexican sample during the second phase of the COVID-19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aldebarán Toledo-Fernández ◽  
Diana Betancourt-Ocampo ◽  
Héctor Romo-Parra ◽  
Ernesto Reyes-Zamorano ◽  
Alejandro González-González
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Baseline Measure ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Impact Of Event Scale ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
Related Stress ◽  
The Impact

The objectives of this study were to describe severity of psychological distress (event-related stress, anxiety, and depression) during the second stage of COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico, and to explore associations between the indicators of psychological distress, sociodemographic characteristics and specific concerns about COVID-19. This report serves as a baseline measure of a longitudinal project to evaluate progression of psychological distress across stages of the COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico. An online survey was conducted in the State of Mexico from April 8th -18th, 2020, in a sample of men and women who are beneficiaries of a welfare institution in the region. Variables were measured with the Impact of Event Scale-6, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, General Anxiety Disoder-7, and a questionnaire of concerns about COVID-19. A total of 5974 participants were analyzed. Moderate levels of psychological distress (with 23.6% of participants meeting significant event-related stress, but mild levels of depression and anxiety) were found, as well as high values in all concerns about COVID-19, especially regarding financial disruption, worsening of local security and concern of a family member becoming infected. These concerns associated mild-to-moderately with the indicators of psychological distress. Higher values of event-related distress were found in women, individuals with higher educational attainment and those with any current high-risk medical diagnosis, though the effect sizes were mild. Though psychological distress and concerns about COVID-19 have reached significant levels during the pandemic in Mexico, overall, they have not yet reached dysfunctional levels.

The Influence of COVID-19 Stress on Psychological Well-Being Among Vietnamese Adults: The Role of Self-Compassion and Gratitude

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helpe Pape
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Self Compassion

COVID-19 has become an epidemic affecting all aspects of human life. Vietnam is now encountering the COVID-19 second wave, which puts the mental health of Vietnamese people at risk. Due to the adverse psychological effects of the COVID-19 global pandemic on human psychological well-being in these challenging times, the aims of this study are to examine the relationship between self-compassion and psychological well-being and the role of gratitude and COVID-19 stress as a multimediators model in a cross-sectional study. Participants include 509 Vietnamese adults (Mage = 31.71; SD = 7.28 years) recruited through an online survey. A 26-item Self-Compassion Scale was used to measure self-compassion, gratitude was measured by the 6-item Gratitude in the COVID-19, psychological well-being was measured by the World Health Organization Well-Being Index, and the COVID-19 Stress Scale was used to measure stress and fears symptoms caused by the pandemic. The results support 3 main findings: (a) self-compassion has a direct influence on the psychological well-being (effect = 0.50, p < .001, 95% confidence interval [CI; 0.43, 0.57]), (b) the mediating role of gratitude in this model was significant (effect = 0.07, 95% CI [0.04, 0.10]), and (c) the mediating role of COVID-19 stress and fears in this model was also significant (effect = 0.02, 95% CI [0.01, 0.04]). The study’s results also show that increasing self-compassion and gratitude could help to improve psychological well-being and reduce the influence of COVID-19 stress and fears on the individuals’ mental health.

Hope and Self-Compassion to Alleviate Parenting Stress in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
pp. 106648072110408
Author(s):  
Aileen S. Garcia ◽  
Staci L. Born ◽  
Christin L. Carotta ◽  
Erin S. Lavender-Stott ◽  
Hung-Ling (Stella) Liu
Keyword(s):  
Parenting Stress ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Psychological Resources ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
Serious Disease

As the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic disrupted all aspects of life, parents have been subjected to more household and caregiving responsibilities and stressors. The purpose of this study is to investigate how hope, self-compassion, and perception of COVID-19 health risks influence parenting stress. In this cross-sectional study, a total of 362 parents living in the United States completed an online survey in July 2020. Multiple regression analyses revealed that higher levels of hope are related to lower levels of parenting stress. On the other hand, lower levels of self-compassion as indicated by higher scores on the subscales of isolation, self-judgment, and overidentification are related to higher levels of parenting stress. Further, testing positive for the coronavirus is positively related to parenting stress, whereas the belief that COVID-19 is a serious disease is negatively related to parenting stress. Findings also revealed the significant role of hope in moderating the relation between self-compassion and parenting stress. This study highlights the importance of nurturing and drawing from one’s own psychological resources to mitigate parenting stress, particularly in the context of a chronic source of stress like a pandemic. Implications for the counseling profession are discussed.

Role stress and psychological distress among Chinese nurses: a moderated mediation model of social support and burnout in a cross-sectional online survey (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuting Xiao ◽  
Honghui Zhang ◽  
Qian Li ◽  
Shan Xiao ◽  
Ting Dai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Indirect Effect ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Role Stress ◽  
Mediation Effect ◽  
Hunan Province ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Survey Tool

BACKGROUND Nurses are at high risk of psychological distress including stress, depression, and anxiety due to low personnel density and high work demand. Despite mounting evidence showing that role stress is a risk factor for nurses’ psychological distress, the mediating and moderating mechanisms underlying this relationship are less known. OBJECTIVE This study tests the mediation effect of burnout in the association between role stress and psychological distress, and whether this mediation is moderated by social support. METHODS A sample of 623 Chinese nurses was recruited from all hepatological surgery departments in Hunan Province and filled out online questionnaire through Sojum (a most commonly used professional online survey tool) to collect data on socio-demographics, role stress, burnout, psychological distress, and social support. Mediation and moderation analyses were carried out in SPSS macro-PROCESS. RESULTS Burnout partially mediated the positive association between role stress and psychological distress. Social support moderated the indirect effect of role stress on psychological distress via burnout, with the effect being stronger for nurses with low social support than those with high social support. CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrated how role stress contributed to nurses’ psychological distress both directly and indirectly through burnout, and how this indirect effect was moderated by social support. The results provide important practical implications for future prevention and intervention programs to improve nurses’ mental health from multiple aspects such as decreasing role stress and burnout while increasing social support.

An Investigation of the Relationship Between Attitudes Towards Caring for Dying Patients and Compassion

2021 ◽  
pp. 003022282110048
Author(s):  
Senay Karadag Arli
Keyword(s):  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
Dying Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Volunteer Participation ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Compassion Scale

The study aims to investigate the relationship between nurses’ attitudes towards caring for dying patients and compassion levels. This cross-sectional study was conducted with the volunteer participation of 130 nurses working in various clinics in a hospital located in eastern Turkey between March and June 2019. Data were collected through the Socio-demographic Form, the Frommelt Attitude toward Care of Dying Scale (FATCOD), and the Self-Compassion Scale (SCS). A statistically significant difference was found between nurses’ education level and compassion level (p < 0.01). A significant difference was found between the units where they were working and attitude towards caring for dying patients (p < 0.01). A positive, statistically significant relationship was found between the FATCOD total score and SCS total score (p < 0.01). A significant relationship between the compassion level and attitude toward caring for dying patients is an important finding for nurses, who encounter death frequently.

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