Yoga in Psychiatry: feasibility of a yoga-intervention for severely affected children and young adults with non-internalizing psychiatric disorders

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myrte J. M. van Langen ◽  
Bob Oranje ◽  
Anneke Sips ◽  
Sarah Durston
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Treatment Program ◽  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Outpatient Treatment ◽  
Developmental Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Diagnoses ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Children And Young Adults ◽  
Psychiatric Department

Yoga-based interventions are increasingly being introduced to improve the lives of individuals with widely varying psychiatric diagnoses and symptoms. We developed a yoga-program for two severely affected populations at our psychiatric department: young adults with psychosis from our inpatient clinic, and children with severe developmental disorders and/or behavioral problems from our inpatient clinic or outpatient treatment program. The participants, clinic staff and yoga-instructors assessed the feasibility of our yoga program. They participated in evaluation meetings and gave feedback. Participants also filled in an evaluation form before and after every session. Results showed that our yoga-program is feasible for severely affected populations. The program can and should be tailored to meet the differing needs of individuals. Participants benefitted from and enjoyed sessions and reported feeling calmer, more goal-oriented and more relaxed after the sessions.

Management of NF2-associated vestibular schwannomas in children and young adults: influence of surgery and clinical factors on tumor volume and growth rate

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 584-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Gugel ◽  
Florian Grimm ◽  
Christian Teuber ◽  
Lan Kluwe ◽  
Victor-Felix Mautner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Tumor Volume ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Tumor Resection ◽  
Internal Auditory Canal ◽  
Vestibular Schwannomas ◽  
Clinical Factors ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Children And Young Adults

OBJECTIVEThe authors’ aim was to evaluate the tumor volume and growth rate of neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2)–associated vestibular schwannomas (VSs) and the clinical factors or type of mutations before and after surgery in children and adults younger than 25 years at the time of diagnosis.METHODSA total of 579 volumetric measurements were performed in 46 operated tumors in 28 NF2 patients, using thin-slice (< 3 mm) T1-weighted contrast-enhanced MRI. The follow-up period ranged from 21 to 167 months (mean 75 months). Growth rate was calculated using a multilinear regression model. Mutation analysis of the NF2 gene was performed in 25 patients.RESULTSSurgery significantly (p = 0.013) slowed the VS growth rate from 0.69 ± 1.30 cm3/yr to 0.23 ± 0.42 cm3/yr. Factors significantly associated with a higher growth rate of VSs were increasing patient age (p < 0.0005), tumor volume (p = 0.006), tumor size (p = 0.001), and constitutional truncating mutations in the NF2 gene (p = 0.018). VS growth rates tended to be higher in patients with spinal ependymomas and in right-sided tumors and lower in the presence of peripheral schwannomas; however, no statistical significance was achieved.CONCLUSIONSDecompression of the internal auditory canal with various degrees of tumor resection decreases the postoperative tumor growth rate in children and young adults with NF2-associated VS. Patients with potential risk factors for accelerated growth (e.g., large volume, truncating mutations) and with increasing age should be monitored more closely before and after surgery.

Exercise Assessment of Cardiac Function in Children and Young Adults Before and After Bone Marrow Transplantation

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 89 (4) ◽  
pp. 722-729
Author(s):  
Ranae L. Larsen ◽  
Gerald Barber ◽  
Charles T. Heise ◽  
Charles S. August
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Bone Marrow Transplantation ◽  
Cardiac Function ◽  
Marrow Transplantation ◽  
Cardiac Toxicity ◽  
Intensive Therapy ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Children And Young Adults

Cardiac toxicity is a potential complication of bone marrow transplantation because recipients frequently receive cardiotoxic chemotherapy and/or irradiation before transplantation. Most studies indicate that transient cardiac toxicity occurs within weeks of transplantation, but few studies have evaluated either cardiac status before or late after transplantation. Cardiac performance was assessed via cycle ergometry in 20 children and young adults before transplantation and 31 other children and young adults after transplantation. Mean survival time in the group post-transplantation was 3.9 years with a range of 11 months to 12.1 years. Left ventricular size and shortening fraction at rest were assessed via echocardiography. Data were compared to those of 70 healthy subjects from our laboratory. Patients before and after transplantation had normal oxygen consumptions and cardiac indices at rest. During exercise, however, patients treated for cancer both before and after bone marrow transplantation had reduced exercise times, reduced maximal oxygen consumptions, and reduced ventilatory anaerobic thresholds. Cardiac reserve, as judged by the response of the cardiac output during exercise, was reduced severely. There were no significant differences between the groups tested before and after transplantation. Patients who had been treated for aplastic anemia, who had received less intensive therapy before transplantation, performed significantly better than did patients treated for cancer. Despite these findings, only four patients had abnormalities by echocardiography. In conclusion, before transplantation patients with oncologic diagnoses had serious limitations in exercise performance, most likely as a result of the effects of the cardiotoxic therapy given as part of their conventional cancer therapy. Long-term survivors of bone marrow transplantation also had similar abnormalities. Since the same patients were not studied before and after transplantation, one cannot draw definite conclusions about the effect of the transplantation itself upon cardiac function. However, exercise testing is a sensitive, noninvasive method of assessing patients at risk for cardiac dysfunction secondary to potentially cardiotoxic agents.

A longitudinal study of general practitioner consultations for psychiatric disorders in adolescence

1992 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 709-715 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nigel Smeeton ◽  
Greg Wilkinson ◽  
David Skuse ◽  
John Fry
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
General Practitioner ◽  
Young People ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Early Adolescence ◽  
Psychiatric Diagnosis ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Psychiatric Diagnoses

SynopsisPatterns of psychiatric diagnoses given during adolescence to a group of individuals continuously registered with a single general practitioner in South London over 20 years were analysed first during ‘early adolescence’ and secondly during ‘early adulthood’. Psychiatric diagnoses were found to be relatively common. Of the young adolescents who received a psychiatric diagnosis (almost one in ten of the group), 38% received a psychiatric diagnosis as young adults compared with only 16% of the remainder. Comorbidity was found to be very common – over 50% of young adults with a diagnosis of depression also had a diagnosis of anxiety and phobic neuroses. Young people with problems of a psychological nature therefore deserve more attention, particularly from the primary care team.

Children and Young Adults – Hospital Patients, Prisoners, and with Developmental Disorders – Who Cannot Come to Slovenian Public Libraries: A National Survey

Libri ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Polona Vilar ◽  
Milena Bon
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
National Survey ◽  
Developmental Disorders ◽  
Public Libraries ◽  
Public Library ◽  
Library Services ◽  
Hospital Patients ◽  
User Groups ◽  
Children And Young Adults

AbstractThe paper presents the first national survey of public library services to three user groups in the context of children and young adults: hospital patients, prisoners, and persons with developmental disorders. The study was two-part: first the data on potential users and their characteristics was gathered. This was used to prepare the main survey of the existing public library services in Slovenia, undertaken in 2012 and 2013. The results show that of the three user groups in question, two (hospital patients and prisoners) are more localised, being the focus of individual public libraries working in the area where hospitals or prisons are located, while persons with developmental disorders are spread throughout the country and as such relevant to a larger number of libraries. The first two groups also have more potential for development, because Slovenian public libraries offer much richer services for users with developmental disorders. Nevertheless, positive trends were observed in most areas.

scholarly journals Impact of COVID-19 Lockdown on Pulmonary and Nutritional Status in Children and Young Adults With Cystic Fibrosis, in Greece

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 237437352110082
Author(s):  
Ioanna Loukou ◽  
Maria Moustaki ◽  
Argyri Petrocheilou ◽  
Ioanna Zarkada ◽  
Konstantinos Douros
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Somatic Growth ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Children And Young Adults

During the first wave of the coronavirus pandemic in 2020, Greece adopted strict lockdown measures. We aimed to investigate the effects of lockdown and the resultant changes in the standard of care, on the lung function and somatic growth of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. We analyzed data on body mass index and lung function of 103 CF patients 5.0- to 23.0-years-old before and after the lockdown period. Body mass index did not change significantly, but there was a significant improvement in lung function after the end of the lockdown period.

Immune Responses to Exercise and Training: A Comparison of Children and Young Adults

1998 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 210-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Shore ◽  
Roy J. Shephard
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Aerobic Training ◽  
Ventilatory Threshold ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Children And Young Adults ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Exercise And Training ◽  
And Training

Immune responses have been examined in 11 children aged 10.3 ± 0.6 years before and after 12 weeks of aerobic training. Initial resting data showed high total lymphocyte, CD3+ and CD8+ counts, a low CD4+/CD8+ ratio and a low CD25+ count relative to young adults. Acute exercise (30 min at ventilatory threshold) initially increased CD4+, CD8+, and CD56+ counts, and decreased CD4+/CD8+ ratio, but CD56+ count did not decrease during recovery. After training, relative aerobic power remained unchanged at 50 ±3 ml · kg−1 · min−1. However, resting leukocyte, CD3’ and CD25’ counts were decreased, and acute exercise induced smaller changes in leukocyte and subset counts. We conclude that immune responses to exercise are generally similar in children and young adults.

scholarly journals Self-Reports of Psychosocial Functioning among Children and Young Adults with Cleft Lip and Palate

2006 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 598-605 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orlagh Hunt ◽  
Donald Burden ◽  
Peter Hepper ◽  
Mike Stevenson ◽  
Chris Johnston
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Psychosocial Functioning ◽  
Psychological Functioning ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Facial Appearance ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Children And Young Adults

Objective: A cross-sectional study was employed to determine the psychosocial effects of cleft lip and/or palate among children and young adults, compared with a control group of children and young adults without cleft lip and palate. Participants: The study comprised 160 children and young adults with cleft lip and/or palate and 113 children and young adults without cleft lip and/or palate. All participants were between 8 and 21 years of age. Outcome measures: Psychological functioning (anxiety, self-esteem, depression, and behavioral problems) was assessed using validated psychological questionnaires. Happiness with facial appearance was rated using a visual analog scale. Social functioning, including experience of teasing/bullying and satisfaction with speech, was assessed using a semistructured interview. Results: Participants with cleft lip and/or palate reported greater behavioral problems (p < .001) and more symptoms of depression (p < .01); they were teased more often (p < .001) and were less happy with their facial appearance (p < .01) and speech (p < .001), compared with controls. There were no significant difference between subjects with cleft lip and/or palate and subjects without cleft lip and/or palate in terms of anxiety (p > .05) or self-esteem (p > .05). Having been teased was a significant predictor of poor psychological functioning, more so than having a cleft lip and/or palate per se (p < .001). Conclusions: Teasing was greater among participants who had cleft lip and/ or palate and it was a significant predictor of poorer psychosocial functioning. Children and young adults with cleft lip and/or palate require psychological assessment, specifically focusing on their experience of teasing, as part of their routine cleft care.

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