scholarly journals Civil Service Models in Latin America

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bastián González-Bustamante
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Public Service ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Civil Service ◽  
Service Models ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Main Ideas

This chapter examines the concept of public service models with special emphasis on the Latin American reality. The following section deals with the subject from an historical perspective, its ties to the patronage systems, and the main milestones which have shaped the evolution of the civil services. Subsequently, the next section deals with the chief characteristics and changes in the civil services and presents an evaluation of the models in Latin America. Finally, the last section sets out some brief conclusions and summarises the main ideas of this entry.

Latin American Political Ideologies

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Antonio Aguilar Rivera
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Political Ideologies ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
National Period ◽  
Main Ideas

This chapter explores the ideological traditions and families that were developed in Latin America. These can be dated back to colonial times or even to the pre-Hispanic era. However, this chapter focuses on the ideological families that became prominent during the national period after the new nations achieved independence. There are several significant ideological traditions that were developed in Latin America at this time. The article discusses Liberalism, Conservatism, Socialism, Nationalism/Populism, and Multiculturalism. The main ideas of each one of these traditions are explored as they evolved in that part of the world. The chapter provides a wide overview of the subject.

Liberation Theology in Latin America: Antecedents and Autochthony

1978 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 343-370
Author(s):  
Alan Neely
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Liberation Theology ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Objective Analysis

Liberation theology surfaced at Medellin in 1968. Professor Neely, whose eleven-year service in Colombia included that date, fully acknowledges the importance of the CELAM conference. However, he feels that the beginnings or antecedents of this movement can be traced to a number of sources both in Latin America and elsewhere. We're deeply indebted to the author for this careful, objective analysis which views the Latin American developments in terms of a broader historical perspective.

scholarly journals A APLICAÇÃO DO CONCEITO DE POPULISMO À AMÉRICA LATINA: pela necessidade de classificar, e não desqualificar

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
João Carlos Amoroso Botelho
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
The Political ◽  
Socioeconomic Conditions ◽  
Political Dimension ◽  
The Past ◽  
De Se ◽  
The Subject ◽  
America Latina

Desde que autores como Germani (1962), Di Tella (1969) e Ianni (1975) aplicaram a noção de populismo à América Latina, muito se escreveu sobre o tema. O conceito se estirou tanto que tem servido para definir políticos os mais díspares. Com a ausência das condições socioeconômicas descritas pelas formulações clássicas, a estratégia adotada é limitar a categoria à dimensão política. Esse procedimento, porém, não é capaz de descrever atributos exclusivos suficientes para que o populismo seja um fenômeno específico. Ao mesmo tempo, o conceito está tão enraizado que não é viável abandoná-lo. A solução proposta é avaliar em quais características um político se aproxima e se afasta dos casos paradigmáticos do passado. Assim, ele pode ser populista em certos aspectos e não em outros. Com esse procedimento, se chega a uma classificação, em que um líder apresente mais ou menos atributos descritos pelas definições clássicas, eliminando a necessidade de reformulação constante do conceito para adaptá-lo a novas circunstâncias. Também haveria menos espaço a que o rótulo de populista continuasse servindo para desqualificar políticos latino-americanos. O artigo aborda definições clássicas e recentes aplicadas à América Latina e avalia a viabilidade empírica da estratégia de se concentrar na dimensão política.---LA APLICACIÓN DEL CONCEPTO DE POPULISMO AMÉRICA LATINA: la necesidad de clasificar, y no descalificar Desde que autores como Germani (1962), Di Tella (1969) y Ianni (1975) aplicaron la noción de populismo a la América Latina, mucho se ha escrito sobre el tema. El concepto se ha estirado tanto que ha definido políticos muy dispares. Con la ausencia de las condiciones socioeconómicas descritas por las formulaciones clásicas, la estrategia adoptada es concentrarse en la dimensión política. Ese procedimiento, sin embargo, no es capaz de describir atributos exclusivos suficientes para que el populismo sea un fenómeno específico. Al mismo tiempo, el concepto está tan enraizado que no es viable abandonarlo. La solución propuesta es evaluar en cuales características un político se acerca y se aleja de los casos paradigmáticos del pasado. Así, ello puede ser populista en ciertos aspectos y no en otros. Con ese procedimiento, se llega a una clasificación, en que un líder presente más o menos atributos descritos por las definiciones clásicas, eliminando la necesidad de reformulación constante del concepto. También habría menos espacio a que el rótulo de populista continuase sirviendo para descalificar políticos latinoamericanos. El artículo presenta definiciones clásicas y recientes aplicadas a la América Latina y discute la viabilidad empírica de la estrategia de concentrarse en la dimensión política.Palabras-clave: populismo; América Latina; casos paradigmáticos; clasificación.---THE APPLICATION OF THE CONCEPT OF POPULISM IN LATIN AMERICA: the need to classify and not disqualifyEver since authors such as Germani (1962), Di Tella (1969) and Ianni (1975) applied the notion of populism in Latin America, much has been written on the subject. The concept stretched out so much that it has served to define the most dissimilar politicians. In the absence of socioeconomic conditions described by classical formulations, the strategy adopted is to restrict the category to the political dimension. Such a procedure, however, is not capable of describing adequate particular attributes that populism would be a specific phenomenon. At the same time, the concept is so deeply embedded in our society that it is not feasible to abandon it. The proposed solution is to evaluate in which characteristics a politician reaches and moves away from the paradigmatic cases of the past. Thus, it can be populist in some respects and not in others. In such a procedure, we arrive at a classification in which a leader shows more or less attributes described by classical definitions, eliminating the need for constant reformulation of the concept to adapt it to new circumstances. Also, there would be less space to which the label of populist would continue to serve to disqualify Latin American politicians. The article discusses recent and classic settings applied to Latin America and assesses the empirical viability of focusing on the political dimension strategy.Key words: populism; Latin America; paradigmatic cases; classification.

Political Development and Socioeconomic Development: The Case of Latin America

1968 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 889-897 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin C. Needler
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Political Development ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Military Intervention ◽  
Past History ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Latin American Countries

One way of acquiring insight into the processes of political development in Latin America is to compare the countries of the area systematically in terms of the “degree of development” which each can be said to have attained. Ideally, such an enterprise can lead to the understanding of the past history of the “more developed” countries by reference to the present problems of the “less developed” while an understanding of the problems confronting the more developed countries can make possible a glimpse into the future of those now less developed. Isolation of the factors responsible for a state's being more or less developed can moreover prove instructive for the understanding of the relations between political and socioeconomic phenomena.Perhaps most important, such comparisons provide the means for holding constant effects attributable to characteristics shared by all, or nearly all, of the Latin American countries. Thus it can be argued with much plausibility that military intervention in politics, say, derives from elements in the Hispanic tradition. Yet it is clear that the frequency of military intervention varies from country to country, even where they share equally in that tradidition. Thus one is forced to go beyond the “Hispanic tradition” thesis with which the investigation might otherwise have come to rest.In the present article I will be concerned with the problem of the relation of political development to socioeconomic development in the Latin American context. For reasons that will become apparent below, I will not at this point attempt a rigorous analysis of the concept of political development, which has already been the subject of a large and rapidly growing literature.

The United States and Latin-American Revolutions

1962 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Freeman Smith
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
The United States ◽  
United States Foreign Policy ◽  
Current Crisis ◽  
Cuban American ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Complex Subject

The policy of the United States. toward social and economic revolutions in Latin America is a subject of wide U. S. concern. The rumblings of discontent in this area, coupled with the current crisis in Cuban- American relations, have stimulated the writing of numerous articles and books. In order to grasp some understanding of the current situation, however, it is necessary to place the subject in its historical perspective. This in itself will not automatically furnish any solutions, but perhaps it will give some coherence to a complex subject which has its roots in the past development of United States foreign policy.

scholarly journals Postcolonial theory and its Impact upon modern historical-anthropological research of Latin America

2021 ◽  
pp. 61-69
Author(s):  
Irina Veselova
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Postcolonial Theory ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Anthropological Research ◽  
Special Challenge ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Latin Americanism

The object of this research is the postcolonial theory, while the subject is its impact upon the historical, and namely, historical-anthropological research of Latin America. The author examines such peculiarities of post-colonialism as the problem of identification, the “oppressed”, the importance of linguistic component of scientific description, as well as the political bias of this direction. Attention is turned to the process of adaptation of postcolonial theory to Latin American scientific foundation; emphasis is placed on the fact that the region has its own tradition of interpretation of the colonial past that results in occurrence of the so-called phenomenon of decolonial turn within the Latin American humanities. Based on the comparative method and qualitative content analysis of the works dedicated to postcolonial theory, the author demonstrates the presence of a wide range of opinions of Latin American researchers on such concepts as “colonialism: and “Latin Americanism”. The conclusion is made that the intense discussion on the theoretical aspects of colonial and decolonial theory may underlie the new vector in the historical studies of Latin America.  At the same time, decolonial turn alongside postcolonial theory, raise a number of questions, the solution of which is vital for the development of accurate methodology for further scientific research. For the Russian Latin American scholars, the new trends turn into a special challenge that should be considered in carrying out historical and anthropological research.

scholarly journals Public service models in european community

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-27
Author(s):  
Liubych S.V. ◽  
Keyword(s):  
European Community ◽  
Public Service ◽  
Civil Service ◽  
Service Organization ◽  
Political Regime ◽  
The Public ◽  
New Public ◽  
Service Models ◽  
New Models ◽  
Functional Features

The article presents the experience of using models of public service organization in the European community. The analysis of the most widespread models of public service in Europe is carried out on the basis of the presented material. The general tendencies of the presented models development of public service are also revealed. The possibility of using the experience of organizing models of public service in countries with the search for the optimal model of organization of government, including Ukraine is examined. The article presents the key characteristics of the public service organization, which are reflected in the corresponding model – a systematized set of conditions and characteristics of the public service, which reveals its organizational and functional features. The article clarifies and summarizes the presented models of public service, outlines the characteristics of classical, mixed and new models of civil service. The classic models of public service – career, job and mixed are described in detail. Special attention is given to «new models of public service» (modernization, transitory, model of new public service, postmodern model). In practice none of the countries of the European Community today has one or another model of public service in its purest form. The article analyses of each separate model of public service, and it is concluded that elements of public service of the listed countries only gravitate to any one model and, as a rule, combine elements of others. Current trends in public service reform indicate the convergence, mutual enrichment and interpenetration of different models of civil service in the European environment. Particular emphasis is put on the influence of a number of factors, such as (the peculiarity of the historical development of the state, the specifics of the legal system, the form of government, political regime), and so on. The author shows that there are a number of closely studied models of public service: the modernization model, which is based on «society-oriented service»; a transient model of public service, the hallmark of which is «self-centred service»; models of the new public service; postmodern model of public service or as it is abbreviated as Post – MPS. It should be noted that there is a widespread influence of a mixed model of public service, which is characterized by the existence within the personnel system of a certain list of positions with its own specific regime of career organization and access to public service. Key words: public service models; public service; European community; new public service model.

scholarly journals Dollars for Pesos? The Political-Economy of Dollarization in Latin America

2001 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-81
Author(s):  
PAMELA K. STARR
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Policy Choice ◽  
The Political ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Policy Debate ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Stable Growth ◽  
Latin American Countries

ABSTRACT The capacity of dollarization to generate stable growth in Latin America despite occasional instability in the international financial system has been the subject of significant economic analysis in recent years. Yet very little attention has been afforded to the politics of the issue. This paper attempts to fill this void by looking at both the political and the economic factors which influence the policy effectiveness of dollarization. The paper reviews the theoretic and policy debate within which the dollarization question is situated and then develops an informal model of the political and economic variables which influence the viability of dollarization. It concludes that although dollarization may be the correct policy choice for some Latin American countries, it is unlikely to benefit the majority. Most Latin American countries would benefit more from directly addressing the forces know to promote economic instability.

British Investment in Latin America, 1850–1950 A Reappraisal

Itinerario ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 21-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rory Miller
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
American History ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
The Other ◽  
Latin American History ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The One ◽  
New Research

For forty years much of the research on Britain's relationship with Latin America has been dominated by a rather narrow agenda, the boundaries of which were established by radical and conservative writers in the middle third of the twentieth century, just when Britain's role in Latin America was rapidly declining. Essentially this was a debate about power, that of British governments and businessmen on the one hand and Latin American governments and elites on the other. More recently, however, younger historians have begun to break free of the confines established by those writing in the 1950s and 1960s. As a result there is some hope that new research on this topic may offer more of interest to non-specialists and contribute to other historical debates, both in British and Latin American history. The purpose of this historiographical essay, which is based primarily, but not entirely, on the research undertaken in Britain during the last twenty years, is to review the recent literature on British investment in Latin America, and to investigate some of the implications of what we now know about the subject for our understanding of the evolution of Latin American societies.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document