scholarly journals The Impact of Parental Wealth on the Transition to Homeownership in Urban China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ang Yu
Keyword(s):  
Event History Analysis ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Wealth Inequality ◽  
Urban China ◽  
Innovative Strategy ◽  
History Analysis ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Parental Wealth ◽  
Housing Attainment ◽  
The Impact

Nearly 20 years after the commercialization of housing, the intergenerational dimension of housing attainment in China has not been fully explored. This paper contributes to the literature by examining the impact of parental wealth on adult children’s transitions to homeownership. Young people’s transitions from renting to owning are conditional on leaving the parental home, and conversely, the prospect of purchasing a self-owned residence within a short period of time may play a role in the decision about moving out. As successive transitions are perhaps interlinked with each other through people’s anticipation, I combine a bivariate probit selection model with a discrete time event history analysis to jointly model the timing of nest-leaving and home acquisition. Based on four waves of China Family Panel Survey data, I find that offspring of wealthy parents are more likely to become homeowners and tend to do so sooner than others once they become financially independent from the parental household. In the case of urban China, this paper thereby provides evidence that parents’ assets can give offspring a head start in living standards and portfolio build-up during their early adulthood. This paper reveals that housing acquisition is a critical mechanism through which the newly emergent wealth inequality is transmitted across generations in post-socialist China. Additionally, it develops an innovative strategy to address interdependent life course transitions which potentially have broad applications.

scholarly journals Closing Time! Examining the Impact of Gender and Executive Branch Policy Makers on the Timing of Stay-at-Home Orders

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 935-942 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laine P. Shay
Keyword(s):  
Event History Analysis ◽  
Health Agency ◽  
The United States ◽  
Executive Branch ◽  
Female Leadership ◽  
Closing Time ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
History Analysis ◽  
The Impact ◽  
At Home

AbstractThe 2019–20 coronavirus pandemic has significantly altered lives across the globe. In the United States, several states attempted to manage the pandemic by issuing stay-at-home orders. In this research note, I examine whether the gender of state policy makers in the executive branch might impact a state's adoption of a stay-at-home order. Using event history analysis, I find that the governor's gender has no impact on the likelihood of a state adopting a stay-at-home order. However, I find that gender plays a significant role for agency heads. Specifically, my analysis shows that states with a female-headed health agency tend to adopt stay-at-home orders earlier than states with a male administrator. These findings shed light on how female leadership in the executive branch may impact public policy regarding COVID-19.

The Open Unemployment Trap: Life at the Intersection of Labour Market and Welfare State. The Case of Germany

2003 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 571-587 ◽  
Author(s):  
RONALD GEBAUER ◽  
GEORG VOBRUBA
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Event History Analysis ◽  
Social Assistance ◽  
Event History ◽  
Incentive Structure ◽  
Data Set ◽  
History Analysis ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Social ◽  
Short Period

It is a widespread assumption that the interface between social assistance and the labour market implies an incentive structure that hinders people to work. This incentive structure is known as the unemployment trap. In particular within economics it is seen as a matter of course influencing the debate on labour market and social welfare reform. In contrary to these dominant discourses, we take the unemployment trap-theorem as a hypothesis to be tested empirically. We focus on the case of German social assistance (Sozialhilfe) by analysing data from the Social Assistance Calendar from the German Socio Economic Panel (GSOEP), a longitudinal data set, recorded by the Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung (DIW). The data are analysed by using approaches of the Event History Analysis, yielding results that clearly contradict the unemployment trap-theorem: Most people re-enter the labour market after a relatively short period of receiving Sozialhilfe. This is the starting point for asking for the recipients’ reasons for their labour market decisions by analysing 26 interviews with recipients of Sozialhilfe in Cologne and Leipzig.

The Impact of Training on Innovation

ILR Review ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benoit Dostie
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Event History Analysis ◽  
Capital Investments ◽  
Productivity Shocks ◽  
Employee Survey ◽  
History Analysis ◽  
Product And Process Innovation ◽  
Product And Process ◽  
The Impact

The firm’s stock of human capital is an important determinant of its ability to innovate. As such, any increase in this stock through firm-sponsored training might lead to more innovation. The author tests this hypothesis using detailed data on firms’ human capital investments and innovation performance from the Canadian Workplace and Employee Survey, 1999–2006. The regression results, including workplace fixed effects and allowing for time-varying productivity shocks, demonstrate that more training leads to more product and process innovation, with on-the-job training playing a role that is as important as classroom training. Results from an event history analysis show, however, that this impact fades over time.

Pitfalls in Pathways: Some Perspectives on Competing Risks Event History Analysis in Education Research

2005 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 413-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc A. Scott ◽  
Benjamin B. Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
Education Research ◽  
Model Selection ◽  
Competing Risks ◽  
Event History Analysis ◽  
Degree Attainment ◽  
Event History ◽  
History Analysis ◽  
Delayed Enrollment ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Expected Outcomes

A set of discrete-time methods for competing risks event history analysis is presented. The approach used is accessible to the practitioner and the article describes the strengths, weaknesses, and interpretation of both exploratory and model-based tools. These techniques are applied to the impact of “nontraditional” enrollment features (working, stopout, and delayed enrollment) on competing outcomes of sub-baccalaureate enrollment (degree attainment, transfer, and dropout). In this setting, model selection, estimation, and comparative inference are discussed and more general guidelines for each stage of analysis are provided. Substantively, the study finds that nontraditional enrollment features are associated with dramatic changes in expected outcomes.

scholarly journals The Effect of Parental Wealth on Children’s Educational Decisions in Germany: Compensation or Demotivation?

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nora Müller ◽  
Klaus Pforr ◽  
Oshrat Hochman
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Risk Ratio ◽  
Event History Analysis ◽  
Expected Utility Theory ◽  
Educational Decisions ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
History Analysis ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Relative Transition ◽  
Parental Wealth

Our paper addresses the process of intergenerational mobility in terms oftransfers of educational advantages and disadvantages trough parentalwealth in Germany, where in contrast to the USA, education at any level islargely free of tuitions costs. Based on the unique features of wealth andfollowing the logic of subjective expected utility theory, we propose and, asone of the very first studies, empirically test two causal mechanismsunderlying the parental wealth-educational decisions relationship:“disadvantage compensation” and “educational demotivation”. We apply amultinomial logit model for discrete-time event history analysis, allowingus to estimate the relative transition risk ratio of children with universityentrance qualification to make the transition from upper secondary schoolto 1) higher education, 2) the labor market or vocational training or 3) tonot transition at all. The relative transition risk ratio is measured as afunction of the relative position of the parents in the distribution of netwealth. Our analyses, based on data from the German Socio-EconomicPanel Study (SOEP), reveal that children with wealthy parents are morelikely to decide for higher education, even if they are faced with lowcognitive abilities (i.e., disadvantage compensation).

scholarly journals Changes in Clinical Markers During A Short-Term Transfer Program of Adult Cystic Fibrosis Patients from Pediatric to Adult Care

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-18
Author(s):  
Matthias Welsner ◽  
Sivagurunathan Sutharsan ◽  
Christian Taube ◽  
Margarete Olivier ◽  
Uwe Mellies ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Transition Process ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Clinical Markers ◽  
Transfer Program ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Adult Care ◽  
Short Period ◽  
The Impact

Background: Transition from child-oriented to adult-oriented health care in Cystic Fibrosis (CF) has become more important over recent decades as the survival of people with this disease has increased. The transition process usually begins in adolescence, with full transfer completed in early adulthood. Objective: This study investigated the impact of a short-term transfer program on clinical markers in an adult CF cohort still being managed by pediatricians. Methods: Clinically relevant data from the year before (T-1), the time of Transfer (T) and the year after the transfer (T+1) were analysed retrospectively. Results: 39 patients (median age 29.0 years; 64% male) were transferred between February and December 2016. Lung function had declined significantly in the year before transfer (in % predicted: Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second (FEV), 62.8 vs. 57.7, p <0.05; Forced Vital Capacity (FVC), 79.9 vs. 71.1, p<0.05), but remained stable in the year after transfer (in % predicted: FEV: 56.3; FVC 68.2). BMI was stable over the whole observational period. There was no relevant change in chronic lung infection with P. aeruginosa, Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Burkholderia sp. during the observation period. The number of patient contacts increased significantly in the year after versus the year before transfer (inpatient: 1.51 vs. 2.51, p<0.05; outpatient: 2.67 vs. 3.41, p<0.05). Conclusions: Our data show that, within the framework of a structured transfer process, it is possible to transfer a large number of adult CF patients, outside a classic transition program, from a pediatric to an adult CF center in a short period of time, without any relevant changes in clinical markers and, stability.

scholarly journals The impact of occupational structures on ethnic and gendered employment gaps: An event history analysis using social security register data

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. e0250398
Author(s):  
Stefan Vogtenhuber ◽  
Nadia Steiber ◽  
Monika Mühlböck ◽  
Bernhard Kittel
Keyword(s):  
Event History Analysis ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Ethnic Segregation ◽  
Educational Backgrounds ◽  
Employment Gaps ◽  
Occupational Characteristics ◽  
History Analysis ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Urban Labour Market ◽  
Gendered Employment

Ethnic and gendered employment gaps are mainly explained by individual characteristics, while less attention is paid to occupational structures. Drawing on administrative data, this article analyses the impact of occupational characteristics on top of individual attributes in the urban labour market of Vienna. Both set of variables can explain observed employment gaps to a large extent, but persistent gaps remain, in particular among females. The article’s main finding is that the occupational structure appears to have gendered effects. While men tend to benefit from ethnic segregation, women face difficulties when looking for jobs with high shares of immigrant workers. Looking for jobs in occupations that recruit from relatively few educational backgrounds (credentials) is beneficial for both sexes at the outset unemployment, but among females this competitive advantage diminishes over time. The article concludes by discussing potential strategies to avoid the traps of occupational segregation.

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