scholarly journals EFFECT OF PARTICLE SIZES AND CONTENT OF ORGANIC MATTER SEDIMENT ON EPIPELIC DIATOM ABUNDANCE IN BAYUR BAY WATERS OF WEST SUMATERA

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-59
Author(s):  
Benni ◽  
Sofyan Husein Siregar ◽  
Irvina Nurachmi
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Water Quality Parameter ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Diatom Abundance ◽  
Sediment Types ◽  
Epipelic Diatoms

The aim of this study is to determine the water quality, the particle size (mm) and the organic matter content sediment, the type and abundance of epipelic diatoms, and  the effect of particle size and organic matter content of the sediment on the abundance of epipelic diatoms at Bayur Bay Waters. This study was conducted in June - July 2019. The survey method was applied in this study and sampling location determine by purposive sampling. The resullt of measurement of water quality parameter ranged salinity 29 ‰ - 34 ‰, pH 7-8, current speed of 0,10 m/s – 0,53 m/s, temperature 30,330C - 31,670C. The sediment types are grouped into four types, namely gravel, sandy gravel, gravelly sand, and sand. The average of particle size (Mz) ranged -1,37 Ø - 0,80 Ø. The organic matter on sediment ranged 2,46% -6,36%. Eleven species of epipelic diatoms was recorded namely Amphora sp, Cocconeis sp, Diploineis sp, Halamphora sp, Melosira sp, Navicula sp, Nitzschia sp, Pinnularia sp, Stephanodiscus sp, Isthmia sp and Synedra sp. The average value of abundance range 2.836 – 10.812 ind/cm2. Epipelik diatom abundance was not significantly different between the stations. The effect of sediment particle size on the abundance of epipelic diatoms by 34,37%. The effect of content of organic matter sediment on abundance of epipelic diatoms in Bayur Bay Waters by 51,78%.

scholarly journals The Sediment Selectivity of Perinereis aibuhitensis Larvae: Active or Passive?

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinghui Fang ◽  
Wei He ◽  
Shan Meng ◽  
Zengjie Jiang ◽  
Jianguang Fang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Active Selection ◽  
Sediment Types ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Perinereis Aibuhitensis ◽  
Sampling Times

The selectivity of Perinereis aibuhitensis larvae on different sediment types was studied using an experimental behavioral device in the lab. There were six types of sediment with different organic matter content: 2.19, 2.30, 2.86, 3.25, 3.51, and 5.52%. The results indicated significant differences in the six treatments’ organic matter content (p < 0.05). When the P. aibuhitensis larvae initially attached to the sediment, the larvae’s density showed no significant difference among the six treatments. The density of larvae decreased gradually during the experimental period. It increased with the increasing organic matter content in sediment at every sampling time, but there was no significant difference (p > 0.05). The larvae’s specific growth rate in the first month was significantly higher than those in the second and third months (p < 0.05). The mortality showed no significance at different sediments in equal sampling times, but the mortality was lower in high organic matter content sediments. This study showed that the P. aibuhitensis larvae did not make an active selection; random selection happened when initially attached to the sediment with different organic matter contents. Higher organic matter content in the sediment was more conducive to larvae survival, and the organic matter content is the limitation factor on the mortality and the density. The different densities in the natural habitat of P. aibuhitensis might occur due to the passive selection by the environment.

Evaluating the Integral Suspension Pressure method for measuring the particle size distribution in soils with high organic matter content

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Contreras ◽  
Sara Acevedo ◽  
Sofía Martínez ◽  
Carlos Bonilla
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Soil Analysis ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
New Methodologies ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Standard Techniques

<p>Typical information in soil databases is the soil texture and particle size distribution. These properties are used for soil description or predicting other soil properties such as bulk density or hydraulic conductivity. Measuring particle size distribution with standards methods such as the pipette or hydrometer is time-consuming because of the sample pre-treatment used to remove organic matter or iron and the sample post-treatment. Nowadays, there are new methodologies for determining soil particle size distribution, such as the Integral Suspension Pressure (ISP) method, which measures the silt content in a semi-automatized process. Thus, the main objective of this study was to evaluate the suitability of the ISP method compared to standard techniques used in soil analysis and evaluate the effect of organic matter content in the ISP measurements. The main results showed that the ISP method is equivalent in accuracy to the pipette, especially for soils rich in silt or sand content. Also, the results demonstrate the convenience of removing the soil organic matter when using the ISP for soils with more than 1.5% organic matter.</p>

WITHIN-PEDON VARIABILITY IN SOIL PROPERTIES

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 631-639 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. T. PATTERSON ◽  
G. J. WALL
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Soil Drainage ◽  
Soil Material

Replicate soil samples (2–20) from the A, B and C horizons of 41 pedons were collected to measure within-pedon variability of particle size distribution, organic matter content, calcium carbonate equivalent and pH. Variability in soil properties was examined in relation to the mode of origin of the soil material, soil horizonation and soil drainage. Variance in particle size distribution was significantly influenced by mode of deposition as well as by soil horizons, while soil drainage had no significant influence on the variation in particle size distribution. Variance in calcium carbonate equivalent and organic matter content was not influenced by soil drainage or mode of deposition. The number of replicate samples required for statistically reliable evaluation of a pedon at given confidence limits was determined for the soil properties studied. The results of these calculations indicate the need for up to five replicate samples to achieve satisfactory levels of accuracy at the 95% confidence level for some of the soil properties studied.

scholarly journals Structure and Distribution of Macrobenthos Community in Code River, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-27
Author(s):  
Ratih Ida Adharini ◽  
Putri Latifa Arumsari
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Water Quality Data ◽  
Wiener Diversity Index ◽  
Evenness Index ◽  
Water Ph

This research aimed to explore the community structure of macrobenthos in Code River, Yogyakarta. This research was conducted during December 2019-January 2020 in Code River, Yogyakarta. Data was taken 4 times in 6 stations. Macrobenthos was taken using a Surber net with a size of 30 x 30 cm and sampling at 5 spots in each station. Data analysis consisted of density, diversity index, dominance index, and evenness index. Water quality data consisted of water temperature, flow velocity, water depth, water pH, dissolved oxygen, and organic matter. The results showed that the density of macrobenthos ranged from 54-172 ind/m2. Our results showed that Code River has moderate diversity based on the Shannon-Wiener diversity index. Sulcospira testudinaria is the most dominant species in Code River. The evenness index showed high except at station 2 which was categorized as moderate. Code River has pretty good water quality, but stations 3, 4, and 5 which are located in the city area, it has a high organic matter content.

scholarly journals Characteristics of Phosphorus Adsorption and Release in Different Types of Sediments

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (05) ◽  
pp. 342-354
Author(s):  
Pengqiang Yang ◽  
Huanghe ◽  
Rujun Gao
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Heavy Metal Ion ◽  
Phosphorus Adsorption ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Adsorption And Release

Taking different types of sediments as the research object, this research studied the adsorption and release characteristics of phosphorus under different conditions of different temperatures, coexisting heavy metal ion system, organic matter content and sediment particle size. Through used correlation analysis and principal component analysis, it discussed the influence of various factors on the adsorption and release of phosphorus in sediments. The results show that the adsorption of phosphorus by five different types of sediments from different sources reached saturation equilibrium in about 10 hours, and the increasing rates of 0 ℃, 15 ℃ and 30 ℃ are 17.5% ~ 23.7% and 18.2% ~ 38.3%, respectively.  The addition of coexisting heavy metal ion solution accelerated the adsorption of phosphorus in the sediment and reduced the total amount of phosphorus adsorption, that is, heavy metal ions inhibited the adsorption of phosphorus in the sediment; the presence of organic matter in the sediment would reduce its adsorption of phosphorus , Taihu farm and wetland sampling points have the largest sediment organic matter content. Compared with the other three points, the adsorption of phosphorus of these two  points accounted for 20.6% and 22.1%; the adsorption and release of phosphorus by sediment increased with the decrease of particle size. The maximum release rate was 5.216mg/kg-1·h-1. The result of principal component analysis shows that the order of influence on the adsorption and release of phosphorus by sediments is temperature> disturbance> organic matter content> heavy metal ion influence> particle size of sediments.

scholarly journals Relationship of Organic Content in Sediment with Morphometric Mangrove Leaves (Rhizophora apiculata) in the West Mangrove Ecosystem, Dumai City, Riau Province

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Mia Audina ◽  
Sofyan Husein Siregar ◽  
Bintal Amin
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Mangrove Ecosystem ◽  
Organic Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Mangrove Forests ◽  
Rhizophora Apiculata ◽  
Reduced Density

The damage rate of mangrove forests in Indonesia is considered as the fastest and largest in the world. The reduced density of mangroves can be influenced by the water quality and the organic matter content around the mangrove ecosystem, causing changes in the mangrove leaves both in the shape of the length and width. This study was conducted in the mangrove ecosystem in the western part of Dumai City, with the aim of determining the morphometric size of the leaves of Rhizophora apiculata and its relationship with the content of organic matter in the sediment. The method used in this study was survey method, where observations and sampling were performed directly in the field and some of samples were analyzed in the laboratory. Mangrove density obtained from the research results ranges from 1966.66 - 4700 ind/ha, organic matter content 10.88 -17.21%. The morphometric size of the leaf length varies from 13.03 - 15.05 cm, the leaf width varies from 4.65 - 5.42 cm, and the length of the petiole varies from 1.59 - 1.91 cm. There is no significant relationship between the mangrove leaf morphometric with sediment organic matter in the studied area.

scholarly journals Short Communication: The diversity of epipelic diatoms as an indicator of shrimp pond environmental quality in Lampung Province, Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 1220-1226
Author(s):  
SUPONO SUPONO ◽  
SITI HUDAIDAH
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Total Alkalinity ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Shrimp Ponds ◽  
Water And Sediment ◽  
Epipelic Diatoms

Supono, Hudaidah S. 2018. Short Communication: The diversity of epipelic diatoms as an indicator of shrimp pondenvironmental quality in Lampung Province, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 19: 1220-1226. Epipelic diatoms live by attaching to sediment.Their existence is strongly affected by water and sediment quality. The purpose of this research was to analyze the structure ofepipelic diatom populations on the bottom of shrimp ponds and to determine the correlation between epipelic diatom diversityand the quality of water and of pond bottom sediment. This exploratory research was conducted on twelve shrimp ponds during thewater preparation period (pre-stocking). Data were collected to analyze the correlation between water and sediment qualities. The resultsshowed that Nitzschia and Pleurosigma were the dominant epipelic diatoms in the shrimp ponds. Epipelic diatom diversity in shrimpponds was affected by water quality parameters (namely total alkalinity, organic matter and nitrate) as well as sediment qualityparameters (namely cation exchange capacity, clay content and organic matter content).

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