Indonesian Journal of Limnology
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Published By Masyarakat Limnologi Indonesia

2774-2571

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-55
Author(s):  
Gunawan Pratama Yoga ◽  
Kristin Noni Riyanti Buraen ◽  
Sutanto Sutanto

Ammonia is one of the nutrient wastes products which can be toxic to all vertebrates, including fish. Usually, ammonia toxicity is expressed as Total Ammonia Nitrogen (TAN, mgN/L). Tambra fish (Tor tambroides) is freshwater fish with important economic value in some areas in Indonesia. According to overfishing and forest degradation, the fish has become threatened. This research aimed to calculate the LC50 value of ammonia to Tambra fish (Tor tambroides) and estimate  NOEC,  LOEC, and MATC values of ammonia to Tambra fish (Tor tambroides). This study was conducted using the static test method with two steps. The first stage is a preliminary test, where the preliminary test is observed for 24 hours With five concentrations excluding control. Whereas in the second stage that is carried out, observation for 96 hours with four concentrations excluding control. The Probit test is Performed to obtain LC50 value results, then proceed with ammonia analysis using the Salicylate Test Kit method. The results showed that ammonia had acute toxicity with LC50-96 hour value of NH4Cl against Tambra fish fry (Tor tambroides) in the amount of 354.615 mg/L. Ammonia caused acute toxicity to Tambra fish fry (Tor tambroides).The LC50-96 hour value was 354.615 mg/L in the form of Total Ammonia Nitrogen (TAN) or it was equivalent to un-ionized Ammonia (NH3) of 9.8937 mg/L, while values of the Lowest Observed Effect Concentration (LOEC) and No Observed Effect Concentration (NOEC) of ammonia on Tambra fish (Tor tambroides) were 578.24 mg/L and 280.18 mg/L, respectively.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-27
Author(s):  
Ratih Ida Adharini ◽  
Putri Latifa Arumsari

This research aimed to explore the community structure of macrobenthos in Code River, Yogyakarta. This research was conducted during December 2019-January 2020 in Code River, Yogyakarta. Data was taken 4 times in 6 stations. Macrobenthos was taken using a Surber net with a size of 30 x 30 cm and sampling at 5 spots in each station. Data analysis consisted of density, diversity index, dominance index, and evenness index. Water quality data consisted of water temperature, flow velocity, water depth, water pH, dissolved oxygen, and organic matter. The results showed that the density of macrobenthos ranged from 54-172 ind/m2. Our results showed that Code River has moderate diversity based on the Shannon-Wiener diversity index. Sulcospira testudinaria is the most dominant species in Code River. The evenness index showed high except at station 2 which was categorized as moderate. Code River has pretty good water quality, but stations 3, 4, and 5 which are located in the city area, it has a high organic matter content.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 9-20
Author(s):  
Fajar Setiawan ◽  
Iwan Ridwansyah ◽  
Luki Subehi

Wetlands are vulnerable natural habitats that should be preserved to protect habitat for fish and wildlife, flood mitigation, improve water quality, recharge area, and maintain surface water flow during dry periods. Water bodies and swamp areas are two primary components of the wetland. Considering its essential roles for the ecosystem, Lake Sentarum was set as a national park area (Lake Sentarum National Park – TNDS), Indonesia's 15 national priority lakes, and; designated as a Ramsar site (The Convention on Wetlands) in Indonesia. Despite the significant roles for the ecosystem, providing the limnological characteristic of Lake Sentarum remains a challenge due to its remote location. This study aims to identify the rainfall and inundation characteristics in the Lake Sentarum area and develop the rainfall-inundation relationship in the TNDS area. First, we carried out rainfall analysis using the Climate Forecast System Reanalysis (CFSR) data. Second, we utilized a remote-sensing-based global surface water map from the Joint Research Centre (JRC) to describe the historical inundation pattern. Third, we applied the Normalized Different Water Index (NDWI) combined with Modification Normalized Different Water Index (MNDWI) to the selected Landsat dataset to extract the inundation area. Finally, we developed a rainfall-inundation relationship in the TNDS area. The result indicated that the yearly rainfall in the TNDS area has an increasing trend, with the highest peak in December and the second peak in April. Historical Landsat data shows that the TNDS has a complex pattern of inundation. The maximum water extent was 649 km2, with a 95 km2 as permanent (90>- 100 % water occurrence). These areas were constantly flooded, even in the dry season. The most significant non-permanent water was 161 km2 (80>- 90 % water occurrence). This permanent and larger temporary water area provides fish and other aquatic biotas habitats. It temporarily stores the water flowing slowly into the River Kapuas through the Tawang River. We captured the spatial inundation pattern and its relationship with the temporal regional rainfall. The developed relationship showed a lag of -60 days of accumulated rainfall correlated with the inundation area (R2 of 0.48, n=11). These findings will thus provide valuable data for lake managers and policy-makers to protect the biota and habitat in Lake Sentarum National Park area.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 28-36
Author(s):  
Dina Muthmainnah ◽  
Aroef Hukmanan Rais

Koto Panjang Reservoir is one of the hydroelectric power plants in Indonesia, located in Kampar Regency, Riau Province. This paper aims to determine the water quality and tropic status of the Koto Panjang Reservoir. The research was carried out along the Koto Panjang Reservoir, covering the floating net cages area, inlet, outlet, and the center of the reservoir. Water samples were collected twice a year, February and September 2017. The results showed that the water quality of Koto Panjang reservoir is still within the tolerance range for the aquatic organisms' life, including fish. Based on the TSI analysis, the Koto Panjang Reservoir throphic status was categorized as eutrophic to heavy eutrophic. This study recommends that relocating floating net cages is necessary so that the nutrient load will not only be concentrated in one location. The efficiency of using the feed for floating net cages could minimize the waste.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Siti Aisyah ◽  
Sulastri Sulastri ◽  
Rahmi Dina ◽  
Mey Ristanti Widoretno

Small lakes are important freshwater resources to support the quality of human life. However, small lakes in the watershed are becoming threatened ecosystems because of increasing land-use changes and anthropogenic activity. The study aimed to determine characteristic physical-chemical parameters and trophic status some small lake in Ciliwung Watershed to support the sustainable management of small lakes in the Ciliwung watershed in preventing eutrophication effects.  The data was collected in April and June 2021. Measurement and analysis of water quality parameters were conducted by insitu and Laboratory. Some parameters were not in accordance with the Government Regulation number 22/2021 for class II water quality criteria (WQC), including TSS (>50 mg.L-1)., TP (>0.03 mg.L-1), COD (>25 mg.L-1) and DO (<3 mg.L-1), especially for Lake Sunter and Lake Cincin.There are two groups of lakes based on water quality and trophic status. Lake Telaga Warna Lake Cikaret, and Lake Cilodong were classified as eutrophic while lake Sunter and Lake Cincin were classified as hypereutrophic lake Lake Telaga Warna, Lake Cikaret, and Lake Cilodong, located at the upper and middle watershed, are eutrophic, characterized by deeper bottom and higher Secchi depth. At the lower watershed, Lake Sunter and Lake Cincin are hypereutrophic characterized by higher nutrients (TN and TP), COD, temperature, conductivity, salinity, and TDS. The downstream area was a densely populated area that contributed high pollution from upstream and middle of Ciliwung watershed.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-48
Author(s):  
Kenanga Sari ◽  
Tri Retnaningsih Soeprobowati

The fast-growing development and industrialization have caused various impacts on nature including heavy metal pollution, especially in the coastal area. Tambakredjo, located in the North Semarang city, is home to a large number of mangrove and animal species. Therefore, water quality is important. This study was conducted to analyze water quality in the coastal area of Tambakredjo based on physical and chemical measurements. Water quality data were collected from different sites. Physical parameters (temperature, pH, DO, EC, TDS, ORP and salinity) and chemical parameters (Total N, Total P, Pb, Cr, Cd) were observed. Multivariate statistical techniques, including Principal Component Analysis (PCA), was applied to evaluate water quality. The results showed first principal component is 76.27%, where the highest conductivity, total dissolved solids and salinity are associated with site 1. Content of Lead 1.289 ppm, Cadmium 0.021 ppm, and Chromium 0.352 ppm exceeds the water quality standard PP. No. 82/2001. It indicated that Site 1 was characterized as the most heavily polluted site because the location received pollutants from rivers and oceans. This study also examined the short-term changes of the mangrove-covered area at the side of Banjir Kanal Timur using historical map satellite images. The results show that mangrove coverage in Tambakredjo near the aquaculture area had decreased from 1,875m2 to 1,401m2. Meanwhile, on the other site, the mangrove planting effort as a restoration program is carried out, especially in the estuary of Banjir Kanal Timur to anticipate more environmental changes.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-24
Author(s):  
Nor Aziella Mohd Rosli ◽  
Nurul Shafikah Mohd Noor ◽  
Khaironizam Md Zain

Ichthyofauna checklist was scrutinized in tributaries of Muda Reservoir. A total of 5998 specimens were caught using a cast net of 2.5 cm mesh size. Amongst these specimen, 30 fish species from 12 families were recorded. The most dominant fish family in this lotic ecosystem was Cyprinidae. Rasbora dusonensis, Cyclocheilichthys apogon and Mystacoleucus marginatus recorded the uppermost distribution compared to other fish species found in this tributaries. Six fish species were the newly recorded species found in tributaries of Muda Reservoir; Barbonymus gonionotus, Luciosoma setigerum, Toxabramis houdemeri, Mystus singaringan, Anabas testudineus and Trichopodus pectoralis. In accordance with the previous combination of recorded fish species in tributaries of Muda Reservoir, a total of 57 updated total numbers of fish species were recorded. The information obtained in present study will update the latest ichthyofauna checklist in tributaries of Muda Reservoir, as well as for the future comparison in other geographical locations.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-75
Author(s):  
Jihan Afifah ◽  
Riche Hariyati ◽  
Tri Retnaningsih Soeprobowati

Diatom biodiversity is an increasing concern due to growing human impact, the study was carried out in one of the most important water storage reservoirs of Tembalang Region. The anthropogenic activity influence of diatom diversity in the UNDIP Reservoir.  The reservoir of Universitas Diponegoro (UNDIP) Semarang was an area of 1.24 km2, with the deepest part of 15 meters, and able to accommodate water up to 13500 m3. This study aims to determine the relative abundance, diversity, evenness, dominance of diatoms and is expected to provide information about the condition of the waters in the Diponegoro University Reservoir, Semarang. Littoral benthic diatoms of five locations were sampled. Diatoms slides were prepared from scraping the rock surface with an area of 3x3 cm, dilute in 50 ml distilled water, and identification under the microscope with 1000 magnification. Analysis of the physical characteristics of the waters includes Temperature, pH, DO, TDS, Conductivity, and Turbidity. The diatom composition in UNDIP Reservoir consists of 72 species that belong to 20 genera. The Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H') ranges from 2-3. The dominance index (D) ranges from 0.05-0.17. The Evenness index (E) ranges from 0.54-0.90. Water quality parameters showed a fairly good value in the growth of diatoms. Dominated by periphytic taxa such as Cyclotella meneghiniana (15.72%), Brachysira microcephala (9.93%), and Achnanthidium minutissima (6.84%) which are widely distributed and live at temperatures of 20-30?C and pH >6.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-52
Author(s):  
Marielle Kristine Doong ◽  
Jonathan Anticamara ◽  
Francis Magbanua

Functional feeding group (FFG) is an approach that classifies macroinvertebrates based on their utilization of organic matter food resources. Across streams and rivers, variations in the distribution of FFGs reflect the unequal distribution of food resources, which are affected by varying environmental conditions and disturbances to the ecosystem. In the tropics, the distribution of FFGs does not follow the pattern observed in temperate streams. This study aims to (1) determine the FFGs present in selected Philippine tropical streams, (2) assess the variations in FFG distributions and how the distributions vary across space, and (3) evaluate how FFG distributions are affected by certain environmental factors and habitat structure. Benthic macroinvertebrates were collected in 2010 from five sites and assigned to their primary FFG based on published literature. Across study sites, the macroinvertebrates collected were classified into gathering collectors (total n = 4,640), scrapers (n = 1,670), filtering collectors (n = 1,545), predators (n = 632), and shredders (n = 270). Within and between sites, these FFGs varied significantly. Variations explained the upstream-downstream and north-south variations in the mean of FFG abundance in width and depth of the stream, discharge, temperature, pH, riparian vegetation, and habitat stability and variability. This study reveals that the FFG approach is a useful bioassessment tool in tropical aquatic systems. However, there is still a need for verification of the findings in other streams and seasons.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Eva Mia Siska Yamamoto ◽  
Takahiro Sayama ◽  
Kaoru Takara

Despite Bali’s dependency on tourism, concerns over the impact of tourism on water scarcity are increasing. The objective of this study is to analyze the clean water demand related to tourism growth and compare them with the available clean water supply. This study suggested that tourism water demand has increased by 20.8 million m3 (295%) from 1988 to 2013. Sixty-eight percent of the increase was concentrated in Badung Regency, where the tourism water demand ratio has increased from 31% to 46%. The study also suggested that rapid population growth has caused an increase in domestic water demand by 48.3 million m3 (48%). This study also shows that the capacity of clean water supply in Bali has increased significantly to meet these demands and the water supply coverage of domestic water demand has increased significantly from 13% in 1988 to 53% in 2013. The water supply coverage of tourism demand varies from year to year with an average of 28% in the study period. The increasing issues over water scarcity despite the improvement in the coverage of domestic water demand suggest further investigations. Yet, despite the large gap between supply and demand in the tourism sector the industry still can have undisrupted clean water throughout the year. This indicates the use of alternative clean water which can be obtained locally such as groundwater. Wise water management through the sharing of scientific data, including in the tourism sector is imperative in solving water scarcity in Bali.  Keywords: clean water demand, water scarcity, Badung Regency


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