scholarly journals Unilateral Third Head of Biceps Brachii with Associated Neurovascular Variants in both the Upper Limbs of a Single Cadaver

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-85
Author(s):  
C Swathi Poornima ◽  
B Bhagyalakshmi
Keyword(s):  
Biceps Brachii ◽  
Axillary Artery ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Common Trunk ◽  
Triceps Brachii ◽  
Lateral Thoracic Artery ◽  
Limb Injuries ◽  
Male Cadaver ◽  
Long Head ◽  
The Right

During routine undergraduate dissection in the upper extremities of a 65 years old male cadaver in the department of Anatomy at Dr. PSIMS & RF, coexistence of muscular and neurovascular variants were identified .Muscular variations included presence of additional head(third) of biceps brachii in the left arm, accompanied with medially positioned median nerve in relation to brachial artery bilaterally . Teres minor muscle was not identified and the origin of long head of triceps brachii extended upto the lateral border of scapula on the left side. Both the medial cutaneous nerves of arm and forearm arouse from a single trunk bilaterally. In the right limb the axillary artery showed only four branches instead of six branches, with common trunk for thoraco-acromial and lateral thoracic artery and common trunk for subscapular and posterior circumflex humeral artery. Knowledge of coexistence of these variations would of profound importance surgically and clinically, especially in limb injuries and surgical repairs. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v5i1.7391   Asian Journal of Medical Science Vol.5(1) 2014 pp.81-85

scholarly journals BILATERAL VARIATION IN THE BRANCHING PATTERN OF THE AXILLARY ARTERY - A CASE REPORT

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 629-633
Author(s):  
Hajira Fatima ◽  
N. Hima Bindu ◽  
Faiz Hussain Mohammad ◽  
Dasari Chandipriya
Keyword(s):  
Axillary Artery ◽  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
Common Trunk ◽  
Branching Pattern ◽  
The Third ◽  
Clinical Procedures ◽  
Lateral Thoracic Artery ◽  
Thoracodorsal Artery ◽  
Male Cadaver ◽  
The Right

During routine dissection of a male cadaver for I year MBBS students in the department of Anatomy bilateral variations in the branching pattern of Axillary artery were observed. In the present study it was observed that, on the left side, the subscapular artery which usually arises from the third part of Axillary artery was found to be originating from the second part along with the lateral thoracic artery and thoraco-acromial artery whereas anterior circumflex humeral artery and posterior circumflex humeral artery originated from the third part as usual. On the right side, the circumflex scapular artery and the Thoracodorsal artery were arising as a common trunk from the third part which is not the usual pattern. Knowing such variations is of utmost significance in performing various clinical procedures by Vascular surgeons, Radiologists, Clinical anatomists and in interventional and diagnostic procedures in cardiovascular diseases.

scholarly journals Variations in the Axillary Artery Branching Pattern

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepshikha Singh ◽  
Minakshi Malhotra ◽  
Sneh Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
Axillary Artery ◽  
Ulnar Artery ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Common Trunk ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
Branching Pattern ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Lateral Thoracic Artery ◽  
Pectoral Nerve ◽  
The Right

Variations in axillary artery branching pattern can lead to iatrogenic injuries during invasive procedures. Knowledge of the same is critical to prevent such events. Multiple bilateral variations were observed in the branching pattern of axillary artery. These variations were noted in a female cadaver, during routine undergraduate dissection in September 2019 in Lady Hardinge Medical College, New Delhi. On the left side, an anomalous branch running with the medial pectoral nerve was found. A common stem arising from the 2nd part of left axillary artery divided to give the lateral thoracic artery, the subscapular artery and an alar artery. Another alar branch arose from the left subscapular artery before it bifurcated into thoraco-dorsal and circumflex scapular arteries. The right axillary artery gave an aberrant branch proximal to the lateral thoracic artery. A common trunk arising from the 2nd part of right axillary branched out to give the posterior circumflex humeral artery, the subscapular artery and an alar artery. The brachial artery divided 13.5 cm proximal to the intercondylar line of humerus on the left and 14.4 cm on the right side. On both sides, the ulnar artery arose proximally and the radial and common inter-osseous arteries continued as a common trunk and divided distally. This case study reports multiple bilateral axillary artery anomalies and complements to the existing knowledge of vascular anomalies. Comprehensive knowledge of these variations is essential from anatomical, radiological and surgical point of view. During surgeries involving axillary and pectoral group of lymph nodes, such variations should be kept in mind.

Unilateral variation in branching pattern of Right Axillary Artery - A Case Report

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Muraleedhar ◽  
Chandrasekar Kuppi
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Axillary Artery ◽  
Common Trunk ◽  
Branching Pattern ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Thoracoacromial Artery ◽  
Lateral Thoracic Artery ◽  
Male Cadaver ◽  
Posterior Circumflex Humeral Artery

The Axillary artery is the continuation of the subclavian artery and is a major artery of the upper limb. During the routine dissection for Undergraduate Ayurvedic Medical Students of Sharada Ayurvedic Medical College, Yadgir, Karnataka, India, in the Department of Anatomy, we come across a variation in branching pattern of second and third part of right axillary artery in male cadaver approximately 55 years of age. The first part of axillary artery was found to be normal. In the second part of axillary artery we observed two branches, first one is thoracoacromial artery arose as usual second branch given common trunk which is further divided into lateral thoracic artery and subscapular artery. Even third part of axillary artery gave one common trunk that terminated by bifurcating into Anterior Circumflex Humeral Artery and Posterior Circumflex Humeral Artery.

scholarly journals Two muscular variations in the elbow associated with the anterior interosseous nerve

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Łukasz Olewnik ◽  
Bartłomiej Szewczyk ◽  
Nicol Zielinska ◽  
Dariusz Grzelecki ◽  
Michał Polguj
Keyword(s):  
Biceps Brachii ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Ulnar Artery ◽  
Flexor Pollicis Longus ◽  
Main Band ◽  
Anatomical Dissection ◽  
Pronator Teres ◽  
Anterior Interosseous Nerve ◽  
Male Cadaver ◽  
The Right

AbstractThe coexistence of different muscular-neurovascular variations is of significant clinical importance. A male cadaver, 76 years old at death, was subjected to routine anatomical dissection; the procedure was performed for research and teaching purposes at the Department of Anatomical Dissection and Donation, Medical University of Lodz. The right forearm and hand were dissected using standard techniques according to a strictly specified protocol. The presence accessory head of the flexor pollicis longus may potentially compress the anterior interosseous nerve. The present case report describes a rare variant of the ulnar head of the pronator teres, characterized by two independent bands (i.e., two proximal attachments). The main band originates from the coronoid process and the second originates from the tendon of the biceps brachii. This type of attachment could potentially affect the compression of the ulnar artery running between the two bands. Additionally, the accessory head of the flexor pollicis longus was observed, which started on the medial epicondyle; its coexistence with a high division median nerve creates a potential pressure site on the anterior interesosseous nerve.

scholarly journals Aberrant Origin of Radial Artery in Arm

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-50
Author(s):  
Vivek Sathe ◽  
Rishi Pokhrel
Keyword(s):  
Radial Artery ◽  
Biceps Brachii ◽  
Axillary Artery ◽  
Deep Fascia ◽  
Lateral Side ◽  
Anterior Border ◽  
Lateral Region ◽  
Pronator Teres ◽  
Male Cadaver ◽  
Cubital Fossa

During dissection in middle-aged male cadaver, an aberrant radial artery was noticed in the left arm. The artery was taking origin from the upper part of the brachial artery i.e. at a point when axillary artery leaves the axilla and becomes brachial artery.Course of the aberrant vessel was studied in the arm and the forearm. In the upper part of arm the vessel took origin on the lateral side of brachial plexus trunks and traveled to the lateral region of the cubital fossa travelling lateral to the biceps brachii and deep to skin, superficial and deep fascia. In the lower part of the arm i.e. just above the cubital fossa, aberrant vessel was lateral and entered the forearm deep to the pronator teres. Throughout its course the vessel laid superficial to forearm muscles, it was covered by the skin superficial and deep fascia. At the wrist its position was normal i.e. against anterior border of the radius.

scholarly journals Variations in branching pattern of the axillary artery: a study in 40 human cadavers

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajesh Astik ◽  
Urvi Dave
Keyword(s):  
Axillary Artery ◽  
Artery Bypass ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Coronary Bypass ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Anatomical Variations ◽  
Common Trunk ◽  
Branching Pattern ◽  
Lateral Thoracic Artery ◽  
Human Cadavers

BACKGROUND: Variations in the branching pattern of the axillary artery are a rule rather than an exception. The knowledge of these variations is of anatomical, radiological, and surgical interest to explain unexpected clinical signs and symptoms. OBJECTIVE: The large percentage of variations in branching pattern of axillary artery is making it worthwhile to take any anomaly into consideration. The type and frequency of these vascular variations should be well understood and documented, as increasing performance of coronary artery bypass surgery and other cardiovascular surgical procedures. The objective of this study is to observe variations in axillary artery branches in human cadavers. METHODS: We dissected 80 limbs of 40 human adult embalmed cadavers of Asian origin and we have studied the branching patterns of the axillary artery. RESULTS: We found variations in branching pattern of axillary artery in 62.5% of the limbs. Anatomical variations included: origin of lateral thoracic artery from the subscapular artery; absent thoracoacromial trunk and all its branches arose directly from the second part of the axillary artery; division of thoracoacromial trunk into deltoacromial and clavipectoral trunks, which were divided into all branches of thoracoacromial trunk; origin of subscapular, anterior circumflex humeral, posterior circumflex humeral and profunda brachii arteries from a common trunk from the third part of the axillary artery; and origin of posterior circumflex humeral artery from brachial artery in addition to third part of the axillary artery. CONCLUSIONS: The study was carried out to show important variations in the branching pattern of axillary artery, in order to orient the surgeons performing angiography, coronary bypass, and flaps in reconstructive surgeries.

scholarly journals Abnormal Division of Axillary Artery - A Case Report

2012 ◽  
Vol 01 (01) ◽  
pp. 044-047
Author(s):  
N Ratnakar Rao
Keyword(s):  
Median Nerve ◽  
Radial Artery ◽  
Brachial Artery ◽  
Axillary Artery ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Lateral Side ◽  
Superficial Branch ◽  
Collateral Artery ◽  
Male Cadaver ◽  
The Right

AbstractA case of the abnormal branching of the right Axillary artery in a 60 year old male cadaver is presented here. The axillary artery divided into two trunks, a lateral and medial from the second part only in this case. The lateral branch was superficial running between two roots of median nerve, which here is referred to as superficial branch. The other was a medial trunk, running deep to median nerve on the medial, hence it is referred as deep brachial artery. The superficial branch had a similar course as radial artery coursing on the lateral side of cubital fossa, fore arm, anatomical snuff box and hand, hence it was considered as equivalent to radial artery. The deep brachial artery gave rise to anterior and posterior circumflex humeral arteries and the superior ulnar collateral artery. This variation is rare and the incidence quoted as around 0.12 - 3.2% in the available literature. The normal and abnormal anatomy of the axillary artery is having practical importance for the radiologists during angiography and surgeons for accurate diagnostic interpretation.

scholarly journals Variant Branching Pattern of Axillary Artery: A Case Report

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Swamy Ravindra Shantakumar ◽  
K. G. Mohandas Rao
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Axillary Artery ◽  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
Common Trunk ◽  
Branching Pattern ◽  
Undergraduate Medical Students ◽  
Medical College ◽  
The Third ◽  
Male Cadaver

During routine dissection of an approximately 50-year-old male cadaver for the undergraduate medical students at Melaka Manipal Medical College, Manipal University, Manipal, we came across a variation in branching pattern of right axillary artery. The second part of axillary artery gave rise to a common trunk which divided into the subscapular and lateral thoracic arteries. The third part of right axillary artery gave rise to anterior and posterior circumflex humeral arteries. Variations in the branching pattern of axillary artery are important for the surgeons performing interventional or diagnostic procedures in cardiovascular diseases.

Intra- and Intersession Reliability of Surface Electromyography on Muscles Actuating the Forearm During Maximum Voluntary Contractions

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 558-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillaume Gaudet ◽  
Maxime Raison ◽  
Fabien Dal Maso ◽  
Sofiane Achiche ◽  
Mickael Begon
Keyword(s):  
Surface Electromyography ◽  
Biceps Brachii ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Isometric Contractions ◽  
Triceps Brachii ◽  
Pronator Quadratus ◽  
Pronator Teres ◽  
Flexion Extension ◽  
Long Head ◽  
Voluntary Contractions

The aim of this study is to determine the intra- and intersession reliability of nonnormalized surface electromyography (sEMG) on the muscles actuating the forearm during maximum voluntary isometric contractions (MVIC). A subobjective of this study is to determine the intra- and intersession reliability of forearm MVIC force or torque, which is a prerequisite to assess sEMG reliability. Eighteen healthy adults participated at 4 different times: baseline, 1-h post, 6-h post, and 24-h post. They performed 3 MVIC trials of forearm flexion, extension, pronation, and supination. sEMG of the biceps brachii short head, brachialis, brachioradialis, triceps brachii long head, pronator teres, and pronator quadratus were measured. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) on MVIC ranged from 0.36 to 0.99. Reliability was excellent for flexion, extension, and supination MVIC for both intra- and intersession. The ICC on sEMG ranged from 0.58 to 0.99. sEMG reliability was excellent for brachialis, brachioradialis, and pronator quadratus, and good to excellent for triceps brachii, biceps brachii, and pronator teres. This study shows that performing 3 MVICs is sufficient to obtain highly reliable maximal sEMG over 24 h for the main muscles actuating the forearm. These results confirm the potential of sEMG for muscle motor functional monitoring.

scholarly journals Abnormal Communication between Lateral Thoracic Artery and Anterior Circumflex Humeral Artery – a Case Report

2018 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-68
Author(s):  
Dinesh V. Kumar ◽  
Ramakrisnan Rajprasath ◽  
Prasad G. Bhavani
Keyword(s):  
Upper Limb ◽  
Axillary Artery ◽  
Limb Bud ◽  
Branching Pattern ◽  
Upper Limbs ◽  
Vascular Plexus ◽  
Lateral Thoracic Artery ◽  
The World ◽  
Male Cadaver ◽  
Arterial Anomalies

Variations in the branching pattern of axillary artery are observed by many anatomists all over the world. A unique bilateral variation in the axillary artery was observed during the routine dissection of the upper limbs on an approximately 65 year old male cadaver. An abnormal communicative channel was observed between lateral thoracic artery and anterior circumflex humeral artery. It passed between the two roots of median nerve. Arterial anomalies in the upper limb are due to defective remodelling of vascular plexus of the upper limb bud during embryogenesis. Knowledge of variations in axillary artery is quintessential for surgeons, radiologists and anaesthesiologists to avoid treacherous complications during procedures.

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