scholarly journals Are doomsday scenarios best seen as failed predictions or political detonators? The case of the ‘Theory of Himalayan Environmental Degradation’

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Tor H. Aase
Keyword(s):  
Hypothesis Testing ◽  
Environmental Degradation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
Last Millennium ◽  
A Posteriori ◽  
Alarm Clock ◽  
Policy Initiatives ◽  
Ecological Variation ◽  
Other Hand

The so-called ‘Theory of Himalayan Environmental Degradation’ predicted an environmental collapse by the end of last millennium, threatening the life of millions of people. Fortunately, the all-encompassing crisis did not materialize. The article shows that the ‘Theory’ failed to take into account the vast ecological variation in Himalaya and thus generalized its contentions to the whole mountain range on the basis of deficient data. But, on the other hand, what would have happened if the prediction had not been made? A doomsday scenario like the Theory of Himalayan Degradation can, from the perspective of positivist hypothesis testing, be viewed a posteriori as a failed prediction; but from another perspective it can be seen as an alarm clock that triggered a series of policy initiatives and new knowledge.The Geographical Journal of Nepal Vol. 10: 1-14, 2017

De Sousa On Kripke And Theoretical Identities

1975 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Yoshida
Keyword(s):  
Possible Worlds ◽  
The Other ◽  
Saul Kripke ◽  
A Posteriori ◽  
Rigid Designator ◽  
Rigid Designators ◽  
Necessary A Posteriori ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Identity Statement ◽  
Naming And Necessity

In the by now well known talks he gave at Princeton, Saul Kripke claimed that “[t]heoretical identities … are generally identities involving two rigid designators and therefore are examples of the necessary a posteriori.” (Published as “Naming and Necessity,” in G. Harmon and D. Davidson, eds., Semantics of Natural Language (Dordrecht, 1972) 253-355; (hereafter referred to as “NN”; this quote p. 331.) A rigid designator is an expression that designates the same object in all possible worlds when it is used. So Kripke is claiming that ‘Water is H20’ and ‘Heat is the motion of molecules’ are generally identities involving expressions like ‘water’ and ‘the motion of molecules’ which designate the same objects in all possible worlds. If the identity statement is true, both sides designate the same object rigidly, i.e., in all possible worlds, and therefore the statement is necessarily true. On the other hand, whether it is true is determined ultimately by appeal to experience. It follows that if true, the identity is necessary a posteriori.

scholarly journals Climate Change in India: A Wakeup Call from Bollywood

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manvi Sharma ◽  
◽  
Ajay K. Chaubey
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Environmental Degradation ◽  
Climatic Condition ◽  
Drastic Change ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Masses ◽  
New Generation ◽  
The Village

Amidst Bollywood’s romanticized landscapes and grandeur settings, depiction of the flora and fauna, roaring rivers and drought prone lands, is difficult to locate. But the new millennium has witnessed some new generation filmmakers, sensitized towards the ecological concerns, thus marking a shift from the illustration of idealised landscapes to the representation of nature’s wrath. Since, cinema in India, has a deep-rooted impact on the masses, these creators employ films as tools to sensitize the population towards the climate change threat which though as perilous as the COVID-19 crisis, is often ignored by a significant amount of population. Dawning upon themselves the responsibility of environmental awakening, Nila Madhab Panda and Abhishek Kapoor highlight in their movies, Kadvi Hawa(2017) and Kedarnath(2018), respectively, the horrors of human callousness, leading to drastic change in Climatic condition in India. Panda’s Kadavi Hawa, dealing with non-repayment of loans followed by suicides, portrays the heart-wrenching imagery of environmental degradation and Climate change that has rendered the Village of Mahua, arid and infertile. Kapoor’s Kedarnath on the other hand, appeals for action through horrifying imagery of the catastrophic floods that disrupted the holy town of Kedarnath, in 2013. Through a detailed analysis of the aforementioned visual portrayals, this article aims to emphasise as to how Films can play an important role in effectively addressing dealing with the issues related to Climate. Further, the rationale of this paper is to underscore the possibility of more such storylines, as a tool towards effective engagement and levitation of conscience.

scholarly journals Approach to the blade technology analysis of the Upper Palaeolithic site of “Tajos de Marchales” (Granada, Spain)

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Alejandro García-Franco ◽  
Antonio Morgado
Keyword(s):  
Main Idea ◽  
The Other ◽  
Mountainous Area ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
Upper Palaeolithic ◽  
Chaîne Opératoire ◽  
Chaine Operatoire ◽  
Lithic Assemblages ◽  
Other Hand

The study of the Upper Palaeolithic in the South of the Iberian Peninsula is usually addressed from a few stratigraphic sequences recognized in the region. We can say that the upper Palaeolithic in Andalusia is one of the worse known stages of regional prehistory. On the other hand, its development has just surpassed the description of the typological formal characterization. In some cases, recent contributions in the central region of the Baetic Mountain range, confined to the province of Granada, appeared during the last century.In this sense, the present study has two objectives. On one hand, to present the site of the rockshelter 3 of the “tajos de Marchales” (Colomera, Granada, Spain), as a new Magdalenian site in the mountainous area of Sub-Baetic Andalusia.On the other hand, through the application of diacritic analysis on cores, unretouched material and tools recognisable, we present the technological characterization of different chaîne opératoire from the production supported by the main idea of different typological objectives (domain of burins, scrapers and to a lesser extent with backed edge blades). We distinguish the different operational sequences aimed at the generation of the artefactual set. All of this will allow us to obtain a global comprehension of the lithic assemblages from the site, and to define the beginning of its chaîne opératoire. The work presents and discusses the distinctive traits of the different technical elements, focused on laminar production (blades and bladelets) and knapping methods.

scholarly journals The left, the right and the sequential topology on Boolean algebras

Filomat ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (14) ◽  
pp. 4451-4459
Author(s):  
Milos Kurilic ◽  
Aleksandar Pavlovic
Keyword(s):  
Boolean Algebra ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Boolean Algebras ◽  
The Other ◽  
Complete Boolean Algebra ◽  
A Posteriori ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Convergence Of Sequences ◽  
Algebraic Convergence ◽  
The Right

For the algebraic convergence ?s, which generates the well known sequential topology ?s on a complete Boolean algebra B, we have ?s = ?ls ? ?li, where the convergences ?ls and ?li are defined by ?ls(x) = {lim sup x}? and ?li(x) = {lim inf x+}? (generalizing the convergence of sequences on the Alexandrov cube and its dual). We consider the minimal topology Olsi extending the (unique) sequential topologies O?s (left) and O?li (right) generated by the convergences ?ls and ?li and establish a general hierarchy between all these topologies and the corresponding a priori and a posteriori convergences. In addition, we observe some special classes of algebras and, in particular, show that in (?,2)-distributive algebras we have limOlsi = lim?s = ?s, while the equality Olsi = ?s holds in all Maharam algebras. On the other hand, in some collapsing algebras we have a maximal (possible) diversity.

scholarly journals The Effect of Celebrity Endorsement on Brand Image in Determining Purchase Intention

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 60
Author(s):  
Soraya Tsamara Adiba ◽  
Agus Suroso ◽  
Nur Choirul Afif
Keyword(s):  
Hypothesis Testing ◽  
Purchase Intention ◽  
Brand Image ◽  
The Other ◽  
Celebrity Endorsement ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Positive Effect

Smartphone becomes a standard platform for people to communicate with others.Nowadays, almost everyone has a smartphone because of its dependable functions.Therefore, the smartphone business is presently highly competitive, especially inIndonesia. One of the top smartphone brands in Indonesia is Oppo. To compete withother smartphone brands, Oppo uses celebrity endorsement as its marketing strategy.Oppo hires one of the eminent endorsers. This research purposes to investigate the effectof celebrity endorsement on brand image in determining purchase intention, using thecase of Oppo smartphone in Indonesia. This research uses a convenience samplingmethod utilizing 177 respondents who use Oppo smartphones and know Chelsea Islan.Data are analyzed using structural equational modeling (SEM) and AMOS statisticalsoftware. The results of hypothesis testing on this study shows that celebrity expertise,celebrity attractiveness, and celebrity trustworthiness have a positive effect on brandimage. On the other hand, celebrity match-up has a negative effect on brand image.Finally, brand image has a positive effect on purchase intention

A Posteriori Physicalism

2020 ◽  
pp. 386-404
Author(s):  
Joseph Levine
Keyword(s):  
Good Reason ◽  
The Other ◽  
Explanatory Gap ◽  
A Posteriori ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Explanatory Gap

Levine (1998, 2001) argues that though the conceivability of zombies manifests the existence of an explanatory gap between the physical and the mental, there was good reason to adopt materialism. On the other hand, Levine (2014) voices doubt about the viability of materialism in the face of the explanatory gap. The inference to the rejection of materialism takes the form of an inference to the best explanation; the best explanation of the existence and persistence of the explanatory gap is that there is a genuine metaphysical gap. This chapter will outline the principal argument that the rejection of materialism follows rather directly from the conceivability of zombies and explain why that argument is unacceptable. A related argument against materialism will be considered and rejected before considering an argument that some materialists have presented, that the explanatory gap is not really such a problem for materialists after all. The chapter will try to explain why the inference to the best explanation still holds in the face of this argument.

Evilism and the a priori

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
JOE MILBURN
Keyword(s):  
A Priori ◽  
Problem Of Evil ◽  
The Other ◽  
A Posteriori ◽  
Traditional Theism ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Problem Of Evil ◽  
First Cause

Abstract In this article, I respond to Stephen Law's evil god challenge (EGC) to traditional theism. I argue that while there are credible a priori grounds for believing that the first cause is all-knowing, all-powerful, and all-good, there are no credible a priori grounds for believing that the first cause is all-knowing, all-powerful, and all-evil. Because of this, theists have a reason for explaining away the a posteriori evidence against theism. The hypothetical evilist, on the other hand, does not. Thus, while the problem of the good makes it absurd to believe in evilism, the problem of evil does not make it absurd to believe in theism.

scholarly journals Orchidaceae in the Pieniny Mountains (Western Carpathians)

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ludwik Frey
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
The Other ◽  
Western Carpathians ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
Orchid Species ◽  
Other Hand

Abstract Orchids constitute an important component of the Pieniny Mts. flora. The presence of 35 orchid species has been noted so far in this region. A considerable number of these species are endangered for various reasons. Eight species have been deemed extinct in the area. On the other hand, the orchid flora of the Pieniny Mts. includes species that widen their local ranges and can, thus, be considered expansive as well as new species, recently entered in the list of orchids occurring in the said mountain range (Epipactis microphylla and Epipactis muelleri). It is necessary and important to conduct an inventory of Pieniny orchid resources (the major aim of this study) that would be repeated at certain intervals, in order to know the number of stations and of individuals per population of each species, which would enable taking relevant actions needed to prevent the disappearance of these plants from the Pieniny Mts.

MOORE AND DESCARTES MEET IN A BAR

Think ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (31) ◽  
pp. 21-26
Author(s):  
Renée Smith
Keyword(s):  
A Priori ◽  
The Other ◽  
A Posteriori ◽  
Sense Experience ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Right

Philosophers typically distinguish between a priori and a posteriori beliefs, knowledge, justification, and propositions. A belief is a priori if it is derived from reason, and it is a posteriori if it is derived from sense experience. Similarly, we would say that we know a priori that ‘a closed, n-sided figure has n interior angles’ because our knowledge is derived from reason in that we understand the concept of a closed, n-sided figure and thus know the statement is true. On the other hand, we know a posteriori that ‘Americans drive on the right’ because in justifying this belief, we appeal to sense experience; perhaps we have seen for ourselves that Americans drive on the right or we've read about it in a book or seen it in a movie.

Metonymy and Metaphor in the Evolution of Modal Verbs

2000 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Delia Bentley
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Epistemic Modality ◽  
The Other ◽  
A Posteriori ◽  
Modal Verbs ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Semantic Development ◽  
Deontic Modality

Abstract. The semantic development of the Italo-Romance outcomes of habeo (plus particle) and infinitive does not involve any dramatic changes. The earliest attestations of Sardinian áere a already express prototypical futurity (alongside deontic modality). On the other hand, a number of minimal changes are observed in other varieties. Sicilian aviri a comes to denote subjective epistemic modality and a few postmodal meanings, whilst the periphrasis with da has only extended to epistemic contexts in modern Tuscan. The evolution of the Sicilian structure involves the obliteration of prominent aspects of meaning (metonymy), whereas the development of Tuscan avere da is characterized by a change of domain (metaphor). Metonymy and metaphor, however, might be side-effects of independently motivated changes, which are observed a posteriori. The diachronic findings presented in this work combine easily with the view of unidirectionality proposed by van der Auwera and Plungian (1998).

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