scholarly journals Non-Edible Seeds for the Production of Biodiesel

2020 ◽  
pp. 36-38
Author(s):  
Suraj Raj Adhikari ◽  
Sunil Dutta Baral ◽  
Kusum Pokhrel
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Edible Oils ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Attractive Alternative ◽  
Food Crisis ◽  
Fossil Energy ◽  
Animal Fats ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Edible Seeds ◽  
Day By Day

The global energy demand is increasing day by day. The consumption of the fuel, as well as the demand, is expected to grow rapidly and use of fossil energy is causing harmful impacts on the environment. Biofuels are attractive alternative to petroleum diesel derived from a variety of feedstocks, vegetable oils, animal fats, and waste cooking oil. They are renewable, non-toxic and biodegradable. At present, biodiesel is mainly produced from many edible oils seed. The extensive use of edible oils for production of biodiesel may lead to food crisis. Therefore, production of biodiesel from non-edible oils is a successful method to overcome all the related problems with edible oils.

Biodiesel production from non-edible oils: A review

2020 ◽  
pp. 149-159
Author(s):  
Jatinder Kataria ◽  
Saroj Kumar Mohapatra ◽  
Amit Pal
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Edible Oils ◽  
Control Measure ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Pollution Level ◽  
Animal Fats ◽  
The World

The limited fossil reserves, spiraling price and environmental impact due to usage of fossil fuels leads the world wide researchers’ interest in using alternative renewable and environment safe fuels that can meet the energy demand. Biodiesel is an emerging renewable alternative fuel to conventional diesel which can be produced from both edible and non-edible oils, animal fats, algae etc. The society is in dire need of using renewable fuels as an immediate control measure to mitigate the pollution level. In this work an attempt is made to review the requisite and access the capability of the biodiesel in improving the environmental degradation.

Recent Advances in Waste Cooking Oil Management and Applications for Sustainable Environment

2021 ◽  
pp. 635-651
Author(s):  
Ching Thian Tye
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Edible Oils ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Environment Pollution ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Sustainable Environment ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Renewable Feedstock ◽  
The World ◽  
Treatment And Disposal

This chapter discusses the management of waste cooking oil (WCO) in a sustainable manner in order to protect the environmental pollution. Increasing consumption of edible oils worldwide leads to generation of substantial amount of waste cooking oil (WCO). While WCO is not considered toxic, large amount of WCO can contribute to environment pollution if not being handled properly. The huge generation of WCO in the world creates problem of collection, treatment and disposal. Due to its chemical features, the recycling of WCO not only provides a renewable feedstock for producing biofuels and bio-based products, but also alleviates environmental pollution arising from its improper handling. This chapter also provides an overview of some recent approaches in WCO recycling and applications.

Preliminary Study on Combustion of Biodiesel for Power Generation

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ee Sann Tan ◽  
Kumaran Palanisamy ◽  
Ibrahim Hussein ◽  
Farid Nasir Ani
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Alternative Fuel ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Combustion Efficiency ◽  
Test Facility ◽  
Animal Fats ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Crude Oil Prices

In the recent wake of escalating crude oil prices due to depletion of fossil fuel, biodiesel has generated a significant interest as an alternative fuel for the future. The use of biodiesel to fuel microturbines or gas turbine application is envisaged to solve problems of diminishing supplies of fossil fuel reserves and environmental concerns. This paper examines the combustion of biodiesel derived from Malaysian Waste Cooking Oil (WCO) in a combustion test facility to study the feasibility of using the designated fuel at five various volumetric ratios for gas turbine application. Biodiesel was produced from waste cooking oil in Malaysia, mainly from palm oil sources and animal fats. The oil burner was able to fire the five blends of fuel without any modification or pretreatment. The combustion performance of Malaysian WCO biodiesel and distillate blends was examined with respect to the combustion efficiency. The results indicated biodiesel combustion required less air for stoichiometric combustion due to presence of oxygen in the fuel. Indeed biodiesel stand as a potential alternative fuel for power generation application with the best efficiency at blended ratio of 20% biodiesel and 80% distillate.

scholarly journals Biodiesel Production from Waste Cooking Oil Purified with Activated Charcoal of Salak Peel

REAKTOR ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (03) ◽  
pp. 149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luqman Buchori ◽  
Dinda Labibah Ubay ◽  
Khonsa Syahidah
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Resources ◽  
Activated Charcoal ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Acid Number ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Optimum Time ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Animal Fats ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Activated Charcoal Adsorption

Biodiesel is one of diesel fuel alternative made from renewable resources such as vegetable oils and animal fats. One of the natural ingredients that can be used as a material in the production of biodiesel is waste cooking oil (WCO). Biodiesel from WCO can be made through a transesterification reaction using a CaO catalyst. Free fatty acid (FFA) content in WCO needs to be reduced by activated charcoal adsorption. This research aims to determine the optimum time of adsorption by activated charcoal that made from salak peel and to determine the effect of transesterification temperature on biodiesel yield. The results showed that the FFA content of WCO decrease from 6.16% to 0.224% with adsorption time is 80 minutes and 10 gram of activated charcoal. Biodiesel yield increase by increasing transesterification temperature. The appropriate temperature is 50oC with 86.40% of yield, 887.2 kg/m3of density, 5.174 mm2/s of kinematic viscosity and acid number 0.421 mg KOH/gram sample. The composition of alkyl ester was obtained 65.54% with a FAAE yield of 56.63%.

A comprehensive review on biodiesel cold flow properties and oxidation stability along with their improvement processes

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (105) ◽  
pp. 86631-86655 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. M. Monirul ◽  
H. H. Masjuki ◽  
M. A. Kalam ◽  
N. W. M. Zulkifli ◽  
H. K. Rashedul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidation Stability ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Fatty Acid Esters ◽  
Flow Properties ◽  
Cold Flow ◽  
Animal Fats ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Cold Flow Properties ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
Acid Esters

Biodiesel, which comprises fatty acid esters, is derived from different sources, such as vegetable oils from palm, sunflower, soybean, canola, Jatropha, and cottonseed sources, animal fats, and waste cooking oil.

scholarly journals Surfactant Imprinting Hyperactivated Immobilized Lipase as Efficient Biocatalyst for Biodiesel Production from Waste Cooking Oil

Catalysts ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 914 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang ◽  
Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Burkholderia Cepacia ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Immobilized Lipase ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Enzymatic Production ◽  
Burkholderia Cepacia Lipase ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Highly Active

Enzymatic production of biodiesel from waste cooking oil (WCO) could contribute to resolving the problems of energy demand and environment pollutions.In the present work, Burkholderia cepacia lipase (BCL) was activated by surfactant imprinting, and subsequently immobilized in magnetic cross-linked enzyme aggregates (mCLEAs) with hydroxyapatite coated magnetic nanoparticles (HAP-coated MNPs). The maximum hyperactivation of BCL mCLEAs was observed in the pretreatment of BCL with 0.1 mM Triton X-100. The optimized Triton-activated BCL mCLEAs was used as a highly active and robust biocatalyst for biodiesel production from WCO, exhibiting significant increase in biodiesel yield and tolerance to methanol. The results indicated that surfactant imprinting integrating mCLEAs could fix BCL in their active (open) form, experiencing a boost in activity and allowing biodiesel production performed in solvent without further addition of water. A maximal biodiesel yield of 98% was achieved under optimized conditions with molar ratio of methanol-to-WCO 7:1 in one-time addition in hexane at 40 °C. Therefore, the present study displays a versatile method for lipase immobilization and shows great practical latency in renewable biodiesel production.

Influence of Coconut Biodiesel and Waste Cooking Oil Blended Fuels on Engine Performance and Emission Characteristics

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Liaquat ◽  
H. H. Masjuki ◽  
M. A. Kalam ◽  
M. M. K. Bhuiya ◽  
M. Varman
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Attractive Alternative ◽  
Waste Products ◽  
Performance And Emission ◽  
Cooking Oil

Due to diminishing petroleum reserves and the environmental consequences of exhaust gases from petroleum fuelled engines, alternative fuels are becoming increasingly important for diesel engines. The processed form of vegetable oil (Biodiesel) and waste products (waste cooking oil) offer attractive alternative fuels for compression ignition engines. In this study experimental work has been carried out to investigate engine performance parameters and emissions characteristics for direct injection diesel engine using coconut biodiesel and waste cooking oil blends without any engine modifications. A total of three fuel samples, such as DF (100% low-sulfur diesel fuel), CB10 (10% coconut biodiesel and 90% DF), and C5W5 (5% CB + 5% waste cooking oil and 90% DF) respectively are used. Engine performance test was performed at 100% load keeping throttle 100% wide open with variable speeds of 1500 to 2400 rpm at an interval of 100 rpm. Whereas, emission tests were carried out at 2300 rpm at 100% and 80% throttle position. As the results of investigations, there has been a decrease in torque and brake power, where increase in specific fuel consumption has been observed for blend fuels over the entire speed range as compared to diesel fuel. In case of engine exhaust gas emissions, lower HC, CO, CO2 emissions and higher NOx emissions, were found for fuel blends compared to diesel fuel. However, sound level for both blend fuels was lower as compared to diesel fuel. It can be concluded that CB10 and C5W5 can be used in diesel engines without any engine modifications and have beneficial effects both in terms of emission reductions and alternative petroleum diesel fuel. However, C5W5 produced better results compared to CB10.

scholarly journals Biodiesel production from used vegetable oil (sunflower cooking oil) using eggshell as bio catalyst

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 21-25
Author(s):  
Marwan Hussien ◽  
Hayder Abdul hameed
Keyword(s):  
Vegetable Oil ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Commercial Production ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Catalyst Loading ◽  
Mixing Rate ◽  
Animal Fats ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Oil Sunflower ◽  
Diesel Production

Bio-diesel is an attractive fuel fordiesel engines. The feedstock for bio-diesel production is usually vegetable oil, waste cooking oil, or animal fats. This work provides an overview concerning bio-diesel production. Also, this work focuses on the commercial production of biodiesel. The objective is to study the influence of these parameters on the yield of produced. The biodiesel production affecting by many parameters such s alcohol ratio (5%, 10%,15 %, 20%,25%,30%35% vol.), catalyst loading (5,10,15,20,25) g,temperature (45,50,55,60,65,70,75)°C,reaction time (0-6) h, mixing rate (400-1000) rpm. the maximum bio-diesel production yield (95%) was obtained using 20% methanol ratio and 15g biocatalyst at 60°C.

scholarly journals Effect on CI Engine Piston by Waste Cooking Oil Biodiesel

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adhirath Mandal ◽  
◽  
HaengMuk Cho ◽  
Bhupendra Singh Chauhan ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Edible Oils ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Ic Engine ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Emission Standards ◽  
Transportation Sector ◽  
Ci Engine

The major contributor of pollution in the environment has been because of the transportation sector. Compression ignition engine has been a popular engine in the transportation sector. Compression ignition engines have been very popular in the power plants and marine engine because of its high compression ratio. Compressors and reciprocating engine(cylinder-piston) are the mechanical assembly in an IC engine. Change in air fuel mixture in the cylinder improves the combustion and emission. Rising concern for the environmental emission, strict rules have been implemented because of which automobile manufactures have to modify the engine to suit better the emission standards. Depleting fossil fuels and rising emission standards, biodiesel blend has gained interest as an alternate fuel, for being used in CI engine. Biodiesel could be produced from waste and non-edible oils, shows similar properties to conventional diesel fuel. Waste cooking oil as biodiesel have gained interest in the researchers. Employing waste cooking oil biodiesel in a CI engine, it was important to analyses the effect on cylinder and piston. This paper analyses and compares the thermal effect of the waste cooking oil biodiesel with conventional diesel on the piston of a CI engine.

Influence of antioxidant addition on the emissions of a diesel engine by using waste cooking oil biodiesel

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 732-741 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farah Halek ◽  
Ali Kavousi-Rahim
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Biodiesel Fuel ◽  
Animal Fats ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Efficient Reduction ◽  
Cooking Oils

Biodiesel is a renewable energy resource consisting of the alkyl monoesters of fatty acids obtained from vegetable oils, waste cooking oils, or animal fats. Biodiesel has been noticed recently as an alternative to fossil fuels. Previous studies have shown that biodiesel produces less pollutants compared to diesel fuel. Biodiesel fuel increases the emission of NOx exceptionally. Recently, it has been found that antioxidant addition to biodiesel is a solution to solve the problem. The purpose of this research is to study the effect of antioxidants addition on the emissions of CO, HC, and NOx from biodiesel fuel. Exhaust emissions of an agriculture diesel engine were studied using biodiesel blend with a 500 ppm propyl gallate (PrG) (propyl-3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate) and butylated hydroxy anisole (BhA) (2-tert-butyl-4-methoxyphenol) as two major antioxidants. Biodiesel used in this research was prepared through NaOH catalyzed transesterification of a waste cooking oil that originally was taken from sunflower oil, with the assistance of ultrasonic homogenizer. After biodiesel production, five blends including neat diesel, B10, B20, B20 + 500 ppm PrG, and B20+ 500 ppm BhA were used as fuel and the emitted gases were analyzed. The results of this work demonstrated that the addition of antioxidants has no significant effect on lowering CO emission, as well as lowering HC; but the addition of antioxidants results in more efficient reduction of NOx emission from diesel exhaust. In general, BhA showed better results compared to PrG.

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