Bacteriological analysis of date palm fruits sold in Katsina metropolis

Date palm is widely cultivated, distributed and consumed by various individuals. Most of the date palm fruits sold in Nigeria are either damaged or has insufficient quality for human consumption. This study was carried out to determine the bacterial load of date fruits in Katsina metropolis. Enumeration of bacteria was determined using pour plate technique. Serial dilution was carried out, where 10g of date fruits was homogenized in 90ml of diluents and used as stock solution. The bacterial counts were determined using colony forming unit per gram of the date fruit samples (cfu/g). The results obtained revealed high bacterial load in all the samples analyzed, which indicates the fruits contamination with bacteria. This may be due to unhygienic handling of the fruits from the local sellers and the nutritional contents of the fruit that may serve as good source of nutrients to bacteria. Date fruits should be packed and processed in a very hygienic condition for public health importance DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ije.v3i2.10517 International Journal of the Environment Vol.3(2) 2014: 83-86

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Nutritional Quality and Physico-Chemical Characteristics of Selected Date Fruit Varieties of the United Arab Emirates

Processes ◽

10.3390/pr8030256 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 256 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Krishnamoorthy Rambabu ◽

Govindan Bharath ◽

Abdul Hai ◽

Fawzi Banat ◽

Shadi W. Hasan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

United Arab Emirates ◽

Date Palm ◽

Ash Content ◽

Sugar Production ◽

Phytochemical Composition ◽

Fruit Species ◽

Date Fruit ◽

Physico Chemical ◽

Sugar Powder ◽

Date Fruits

Production of highly soluble date sugar powder from the nutritive date fruits will be a suitable and superior alternative to commercial refined sugar, providing sustainability in date palm cultivation. A good understanding of the nutritional and phytochemical composition of date fruits is imperative for this purpose. In this work, 11 different date fruit species commonly cultivated in the United Arab Emirates were studied for their chemical composition, physical properties, amino acids, minerals, and anti-nutritional contents. The results revealed that the date fruits contain moisture, protein, lipid, and ash content in the ranges of 14.8%–20.5%, 2.19%–3.12%, 0.25%–0.51%, and 1.37%–1.97%, respectively. Potassium was identified as the major microelement in all the date varieties. Amino acid assay depicted that the date fruits mainly contained glutamine and aspartic acids, along with other essential acids. Monosaccharides (glucose and fructose) were more prevalent in the date fruits than polysaccharides (sucrose), exhibiting the potential of date fruit for non-diabetic sugar production. Phytoconstituents present in date samples, such as flavonoids, oxalates, tannins, saponins, alkaloids, and cyanides, were also evaluated and reported. Results showed that although all date fruit varieties were nutritious, they contain significant variation in their nutritional, physical, elemental, and phytochemical properties.

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Microbiological Quality Assessment of Date Palm Fruits And Development of a Decontamination Method

Bangladesh Journal of Botany ◽

10.3329/bjb.v50i3.55844 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 50 (3) ◽

pp. 641-649

Author(s):

MS Kabir ◽

MS Akter ◽

T Hossain ◽

MI Khalil

Keyword(s):

Date Palm ◽

Microbiological Quality ◽

Quality Analysis ◽

Plate Count ◽

Bacterial Isolates ◽

Palm Fruit ◽

Fruit Samples ◽

Palm Fruits ◽

Mold Count

Microbiological quality of four different cultivars (viz., Deglet Noor, Dabbas, Barni and Lulu) of date palm fruits imported into Bangladesh was evaluated. The microbiological quality analysis revealed that the date palm fruit samples are contaminated with bacteria and fungi. Among the studied samples, total aerobic plate count varied from 6.85 ×106 cfu/g to 4.14×107 cfu/g. The maximum bacterial load was observed in 'Dabbas' cultivar and lowest bacteria load was found in 'Lulu' cultivar. The total yeast and mold count ranged from 1.08×103 cfu/g to 6.94 ×104 cfu/g. The maximum yeast and mold count was found in 'Deglet Noor' cultivar whereas this count was lowest in 'Lulu' cultivar. Twenty-two bacterial isolates were randomly selected and identified based on their morphological, cultural and biochemical characteristics. Among the bacterial isolates, Providencia rettgeri was most prevalent (18.18%). The identity of one of the P. rettgeri isolates was confirmed by its 16S rRNA gene sequence comparison and subsequent molecular phylogenetic analysis. The presence of pathogenic bacteria in the imported date palm fruits indicates that they are not suitable for direct human consumption. To improve the microbiological quality of the date palm fruits, several easily available substances were tested as decontaminating agent. The study revealed that commercially available vinegar acts as an excellent decontaminating agent against date palm fruit-associated bacteria. Bangladesh J. Bot. 50(3): 641-649, 2021 (September)

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Deletion of beta-fructofuranosidase (invertase) genes is associated with sucrose content in Date Palm fruit

10.1101/652289 ◽

2019 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Joel A. Malek ◽

Sweety Mathew ◽

Lisa Mathew ◽

Shameem Younuskunju ◽

Yasmin A. Mohamoud ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Date Palm ◽

Homozygous Deletion ◽

Genomic Region ◽

Sucrose Content ◽

Palm Fruit ◽

Palm Trees ◽

Date Fruit ◽

Invertase Gene ◽

High Sucrose ◽

Date Fruits

AbstractThe fruit of date palm trees are an important part of the diet for a large portion of the Middle East and North Africa. The fruit is consumed both fresh and dry and can be stored dry for extended periods of time. Date fruits vary significantly across hundreds of cultivars identified in the main regions of cultivation. Most dried date fruit are low in sucrose but high in glucose and fructose. However, high sucrose content is a distinctive feature of some date fruit and affects flavor as well as texture and water retention. To identify the genes controlling high sucrose content we analyzed date fruit metabolomics for association with genotype data from 121 date fruits. We found significant association of dried date sucrose content and a genomic region that contains 3 tandem copies of the beta-fructofuranosidase (invertase) gene in the reference Khalas genome, a low sucrose fruit. High sucrose cultivars including the popular Deglet Noor had a homozygous deletion of two of the 3 copies of the invertase gene. We show the deletion allele is derived when compared to the ancestral allele that retains the all copies of the gene in 3 other species of Phoenix. The fact that 2 of the 3 tandem invertase copies are associated with dry fruit sucrose content will assist in better understanding the distinct roles of multiple date palm invertases in plant physiology. Identification of the recessive alleles associated with end-point sucrose content in date fruit may be used in selective breeding in the future.

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The impact of date palm fruits and their component polyphenols, on gut microbial ecology, bacterial metabolites and colon cancer cell proliferation

Journal of Nutritional Science ◽

10.1017/jns.2014.16 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 3 ◽

Cited By ~ 45

Author(s):

Noura Eid ◽

Sumia Enani ◽

Gemma Walton ◽

Giulia Corona ◽

Adele Costabile ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Colon Cancer ◽

Date Palm ◽

Phoenix Dactylifera ◽

Fermentation Time ◽

Flavonoid Aglycones ◽

Early Suggestion ◽

Date Fruit ◽

Palm Fruits ◽

The Impact

AbstractThe fruit of the date palm (Phoenix dactyliferaL.) is a rich source of dietary fibre and polyphenols. We have investigated gut bacterial changes induced by the whole date fruit extract (digested date extract; DDE) and its polyphenol-rich extract (date polyphenol extract; DPE) using faecal, pH-controlled, mixed batch cultures mimicking the distal part of the human large intestine, and utilising an array of microbial group-specific 16S rRNA oligonucleotide probes. Fluorescence microscopic enumeration indicated that there was a significant increase in the growth of bifidobacteria in response to both treatments, whilst whole dates also increased bacteroides at 24 h and the total bacterial counts at later fermentation time points when compared with DPE alone. Bacterial metabolism of whole date fruit led to the production of SCFA, with acetate significantly increasing following bacterial incubation with DDE. In addition, the production of flavonoid aglycones (myricetin, luteolin, quercetin and apigenin) and the anthocyanidin petunidin in less than 1 h was also observed. Lastly, the potential of DDE, DPE and metabolites to inhibit Caco-2 cell growth was investigated, indicating that both were capable of potentially acting as antiproliferative agentsin vitro, following a 48 h exposure. This potential to inhibit growth was reduced following fermentation. Together these data suggest that consumption of date fruits may enhance colon health by increasing beneficial bacterial growth and inhibiting the proliferation of colon cancer cells. This is an early suggestion that date intake by humans may aid in the maintenance of bowel health and even the reduction of colorectal cancer development.

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Occurrence of Mites and Insects Associated with Date Palm Fruits in Different Governorates of Egypt

Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences A Entomology ◽

10.21608/eajbsa.2017.12505 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 93-102

Author(s):

Adel Mostafa ◽

Haniem Sakr ◽

E. Yassin ◽

Asmaa Abdel Khalik

Keyword(s):

Date Palm ◽

Palm Fruits

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Screening of amino acid constituents from date palm fruits

International Journal of Bioassays ◽

10.21746/ijbio.2016.10.0011 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 5 (10) ◽

pp. 4972

Author(s):

Lata Birlangi

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Amino Acid ◽

United Arab Emirates ◽

Nutritional Value ◽

Date Palm ◽

Amino Acid Content ◽

Essential Amino Acids ◽

Cultivated Plants ◽

Palm Fruits ◽

Social Part

The date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) is one of mankind’s oldest cultivated plants. The fruit of the date palm is an important crop of the hot arid and semi-arid regions of the world. It has always played a genuine economic and social part in the lives of the people of these areas. The present objective in examining the amino acid content of different varieties of date palm fruits from Middle-East region; is to determine whether its protein could effectively supplement the nutritional value and it is also aimed in finding which variety is rich in number of amino acids. The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of eight essential amino acids and five non-essential amino acids in the date fruits. Among all the date fruit varieties taken as samples for the study, Dabbas cultivar of United Arab Emirates found to exhibit eight types of amino acids which includes five as non-essential ones. Total of thirteen amino acids were detected in the seven date cultivars. Determination of amino acid can serve as a guide to the possible nutritional value.

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Pollen grain hormones of date palm pollinator cultivars and their relationship with hormones of different stages of ‘Piarom’ date fruit growth

Scientia Horticulturae ◽

10.1016/j.scienta.2021.110389 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 288 ◽

pp. 110389

Author(s):

Ali Reza Shahsavar ◽

Asma Shahhosseini

Keyword(s):

Date Palm ◽

Pollen Grain ◽

Fruit Growth ◽

Date Fruit

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Assessment of Xanthomonas arboricola pv. juglandis Bacterial Load in Infected Walnut Fruits by Quantitative PCR

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pdis-12-18-2253-re ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 103 (10) ◽

pp. 2577-2586

Author(s):

Leonor Martins ◽

Camila Fernandes ◽

Pedro Albuquerque ◽

Fernando Tavares

Keyword(s):

Quantitative Pcr ◽

Juglans Regia ◽

Bacterial Load ◽

Etiologic Agent ◽

Economic Losses ◽

Rapid Diagnostics ◽

In Planta ◽

Chromosomal Dna ◽

Fruit Samples ◽

Xanthomonas Arboricola

Xanthomonas arboricola pv. juglandis is the etiologic agent of important walnut (Juglans regia L.) diseases, causing severe fruit drop and high economic losses in walnut production regions. Rapid diagnostics and knowledge of bacterial virulence fitness are key to hinder disease progression and apply timely phytosanitary measures. This work describes an X. arboricola pv. juglandis-specific real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) using X. arboricola pv. juglandis-specific DNA markers to quantify the bacterial load in infected walnut plant tissues. Method validation was achieved using calibration curves obtained with serial dilutions of X. arboricola pv. juglandis chromosomal DNA and standard curves obtained from walnut samples spiked with X. arboricola pv. juglandis cells. High correlations (R2 > 0.990 and > 0.995) and low limits of detection (35 chromosomes/qPCR reaction and 2.7 CFU/qPCR reaction) were obtained for both markers considering the calibration and standard curves, respectively. Assessment of qPCR repeatability, reproducibility, and specificity allowed us to demonstrate the reliability and consistency of the method. Furthermore, in planta quantification of X. arboricola pv. juglandis bacterial load using infected walnut fruit samples showed a higher detection resolution compared with standard PCR detection. By allowing quantification of virulence fitness of distinct X. arboricola pv. juglandis strains in planta, the proposed qPCR method may contribute to assertive risk assessment of walnut diseases caused by X. arboricola pv. juglandis and ultimately help to improve phytosanitary practices.

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Lung Microbiome Differentially Impacts Survival of Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Depending on Tumor Stroma Phenotype

Biomedicines ◽

10.3390/biomedicines8090349 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (9) ◽

pp. 349 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Olga Kovaleva ◽

Polina Podlesnaya ◽

Madina Rashidova ◽

Daria Samoilova ◽

Anatoly Petrenko ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Normal Tissue ◽

Bacterial Load ◽

Alpha Diversity ◽

Tumor Stroma ◽

Small Cell ◽

Adjacent Normal Tissue ◽

Small Cell Lung ◽

Lung Microbiome ◽

High Bacterial Load

The link between a lung tumor and the lung microbiome is a largely unexplored issue. To investigate the relationship between a lung microbiome and the phenotype of an inflammatory stromal infiltrate, we studied a cohort of 89 patients with non-small cell lung cancer. The microbiome was analyzed in tumor and adjacent normal tissue by 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. Characterization of the tumor stroma was done using immunohistochemistry. We demonstrated that the bacterial load was higher in adjacent normal tissue than in a tumor (p = 0.0325) with similar patterns of taxonomic structure and alpha diversity. Lung adenocarcinomas did not differ in their alpha diversity from squamous cell carcinomas, although the content of Gram-positive bacteria increased significantly in the adenocarcinoma group (p = 0.0419). An analysis of an inflammatory infiltrate of tumor stroma showed a correlation of CD68, iNOS and FOXP3 with a histological type of tumor. For the first time we showed that high bacterial load in the tumor combined with increased iNOS expression is a favorable prognostic factor (HR = 0.1824; p = 0.0123), while high bacterial load combined with the increased number of FOXP3+ cells is a marker of poor prognosis (HR = 4.651; p = 0.0116). Thus, we established that bacterial load of the tumor has an opposite prognostic value depending on the status of local antitumor immunity.

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