scholarly journals Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Contamination of Hands and Mobile Phones of Health Care Workers in a Health Care Setting: A Silent Threat

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 32-39
Author(s):  
B.K. Sharma ◽  
S.M. Regmi ◽  
K. Sharma ◽  
K.R. Reddy ◽  
S. Adhikari
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Mobile Phones ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mannitol Salt Agar ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Bacillus Spp

Background: The extensive use of mobile phones in the hospital among health care workers (HCWs) can lead to infectious agents being transferred from one patient to another and thus serve as a vehicle in the transmission of nosocomial pathogens. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus auerus (MRSA) contamination of mobile phones and hands of HCWs in Gandaki Medical College and Teaching Hospital. Methods: The present study was hospital and laboratory based cross-sectional study, carried out from April, 2017 to December, 2017. A total of 100 mobile phone swab and 100 hand swab samples of HCWs were collected and cultured directly on MacConkey agar, blood agar, and mannitol salt agar after 24 hrs of enrichment. All the isolated organisms including MRSA were identified using standard microbiological techniques and subjected to antibiotic susceptibility testing using disc diffusion technique. Results: Among the Gram positive isolates, frequency distribution from mobile phones showed the highest prevalence of coagulase negative Staphylococci (CONS) (34.69%), followed by Staphylococcus aureus (20.41%), Bacillus spp (15.31%), Micrococci spp (11.23%), however considerable number of Diptheroides (8.16%), Enterococci (6.12%) and Streptococcus pneumoniae (4.08%). Siimilarly from hand swabs CONS (39.62%), followed by S. aureus (26.42%), Bacillus spp (10.38%), Micrococci (11.32%), Enterococci (6.60%) and Diptheroids (5.66%) were isolated. The frequency of MRSA was 20%, 25% among mobile phones and hands of HCWs respectively. Drugs like Vancomycin, Amikacin, Clindamycin and Gentamycin were found quite effective against S. aureus in the present study and would be better options for the management of such infections. Conclusions: Mobile phones and hands of HCWs were the potential source of nosocomial infections including multidrug-resistant pathogens like methicillin-resistant S. aureus.

scholarly journals The Comparison of Staphylococcus aureus Nasal Colonization and Its Antibiotic Resistance Patterns in Children of Health Care Workers (HCWs) and Non-HCWs

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Iraj Sedighi ◽  
Javad Faradmal ◽  
Mohammad Yousef Alikhani ◽  
Mehrnaz Olfat
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Resistant Isolate ◽  
Colonization Rate ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Care Workers

Background: Staphylococcus aureus is a gram-positive coccus bacterium responsible for a wide spectrum of human infections. The main colonization site for S. aureus in humans is the anterior nares. Health care workers (HCW) are commonly colonized with resistant microorganisms; however, it is not clear whether close contact with HCW is a risk factor for colonization with resistant microorganisms. Objectives: The aim of the study was the determination of the risk of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus transmission from colonized parents to their children via daily contact. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in Hamadan city, the west of Iran, between October 2016 and March 2017. We defined two groups for our investigation. The first group included 1 - 6 years old children who their mother, father, or both were health care workers (HCW) in university-affiliated hospitals of Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, and the second group consisted of children whose parents were not health care workers. Both groups attended day care centers. One hundred and thirty-four children were enrolled in this study, from which 67 had HCW parents, and 67 had non-HCW parents. Results: S. aureus colonization rate among children of HCWs was 17.9 % (12/67), and in children of non-HCWS was 32.8% (22/67). The colonization rate was not significantly different between these 2 groups (P = 0.052). Of all the S. aureus isolates, one methicillin-resistant isolate and one clindamycin-resistant isolate were observed. The D-test was positive in 12.1% of clindamycin sensitive isolates Conclusions: We recommend the use of anti-staphylococcal penicillin or first-generation cephalosporins in cases of non-life-threatening staphylococcal infections and clindamycin for MRSA infections. Regarding to our results, there is no difference in the choice of antibiotic between children of health care workers and other children. We also recommend avoiding switching therapy from erythromycin to clindamycin.

scholarly journals Nasal Carriage of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus among Health Care Workers in Tertiary and Regional Hospitals in Dar es Salam, Tanzania

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agricola Joachim ◽  
Sabrina J. Moyo ◽  
Lillian Nkinda ◽  
Mtebe Majigo ◽  
Sima Rugarabamu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Nasal Carriage ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Mannitol Salt Agar ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Regional Hospitals

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) among health care workers (HCWs) increases the risk of spreading the organism in hospital settings. A cross-sectional study was conducted between June and October 2016 among HCWs in tertiary and regional hospitals in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, to determine the MRSA nasal carriage rate. Nasal swabs were collected from HCWs and cultured on mannitol salt agar. S. aureus was identified based on colonial morphology, Gram staining, catalase, coagulase, and DNase test results. MRSA was detected using the cefoxitin disk. Among 379 HCWs enrolled, 157/379 (41.4%) were colonized with S. aureus, of whom 59 (37.6%) were MRSA carriers giving an overall prevalence of 59/379 (15.6%). MRSA carriage was high among HCWs in Temeke (56.9%) and Amana (37.5%) regional hospitals. A high proportion of MRSA carriage was detected among nurses (35, 45.5%). MRSA isolates showed high resistance toward kanamycin (83.7%), gentamicin (83.1%), ciprofloxacin (71.2%), and trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole (46.8%) compared to methicillin-sensitive S. aureus isolates (p≤0.001). In conclusion, we found a high nasal carriage of MRSA and resistance to commonly prescribed antimicrobial agents among HCWs. Implementation of infection control measures including contact precautions, urgent reporting of MRSA laboratory results, and routine MRSA screening of HCWs is highly needed to reduce MRSA spreading.

scholarly journals Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) carriage among health care workers in a tertiary care hospital in Bhubaneswar

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 3276
Author(s):  
Nipa Singh ◽  
Sourav Mohanty ◽  
Subhra Snigdha Panda ◽  
Smrutilata Sahoo ◽  
Dipti Pattnaik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Mannitol Salt Agar ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Hospital Infection Control ◽  
Mrsa Strains

Background: Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a multidrug resistant organism emerging as a major cause of hospital acquired infection. In a healthcare setup a patient may acquire MRSA through the hands, clothes and equipments of health care workers. Screening of health care workers colonised with MRSA will be helpful in preventing the spread of this organism in a hospital. With this background the present study was undertaken to estimate the carriage rate of MRSA among healthcare workers in our hospital.Methods: Nasal swabs were collected from 120 health care workers working in Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences (KIMS), Bhubaneswar during the study period of July- September 2017. The swabs were inoculated onto mannitol salt agar plates for isolation of Staphylococcus aureus. MRSA strains were identified by cefoxitin disc method. Antibiogram of MRSA strains was determined.Results: The prevalence of MRSA carriage among health care workers was 7.5% with the carrier rate being highest among nurses (10%). All the MRSA isolates were 100% resistant to penicillin. MRSA isolates were 90% resistant to amoxyclav, 60% to cotrimoxazole and erythromycin and 50% to clindamycin.Conclusions: Although the prevalence of MRSA among health care workers in our hospital is not alarming, it is important to emphasize the need for stringent hospital infection control policies to reduce the spread of MRSA to susceptible individuals.

scholarly journals Nasal and Hands Carriage Rate of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aure-us among Health Care Workers at Alwahda Hospital, Derna

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 279-287
Author(s):  
Hussain Y. H. Khnfar ◽  
Dalal A. Thaood ◽  
Ilham O. A. Abdraba ◽  
Intesar N. Omran ◽  
Guma M. K. Abdeldaim
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Mannitol Salt Agar ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Care Workers

Increasing incidence of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a well-documented healthcare and community phenomenon of concern to medical and public health communities all over the world. One of the most important sources of MRSA infection in hospitals is health care workers (HCWs) through nasal or hands carriage. The aim of this study is to determine the rate of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus among HCWs. A cross-sectional study involving 102 HCWs was conducted at Alwahda hospital, Derna. Nasal and hand swabs were collected and cultured on Mannitol Salt Agar. Gram staining was performed on mannitol fermenting colonies. Slide catalase and coagulase were performed to identify S. aureus. An oxacillin and cefoxitin susceptibility test was carried out on Muller Hinton agar using the modified Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Results: out of 102 healthcare workers, 46 (45.1%) carried S. aureus. The rate of methicillin resistance amongst all S. aureus isolates was 47.8 % (22/46) whereas 21.6 % (22/102) of all HCWs were identified as MRSA carriers. Nurses had the highest MRSA carriage with 53%, compared to other HCW. On the other hand, the highest rate of MRSA (75%) was seen in CCU workers followed by workers of pediatric and surgical wards (66%, 62% respectively). The high rate of nasal and hand MRSA carriage among healthcare workers, especially in high-risk wards, indicates the imperfection of infection control measures in our hospitals and the necessity to improve the infection control program.

scholarly journals Are mobile phones of health care workers portals of pathogenic organisms causing hospital acquired infections in intensive care units? A mini systematic review

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-214
Author(s):  
M. Mukhtar-Yola ◽  
B. Andrew
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Intensive Care Units ◽  
Mobile Phones ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infections ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Hospital Acquired

Background: Health care workers at the bedside of critically ill babies freely carry their mobile phones in between procedures and handling  patients. Concerns are rising as this may contribute to nosocomial infections with pathogenic bacteria. Aim: To determine if mobile phones of health care workers in Intensive care units carry potentially pathogenic bacteria leading to hospital acquired infections. Design: Systematic review.Data sources: Electronic databases (Medline via ovid, CINAHL, Web of science) and hand Searching of references and citations were done to identify studies. Screening and inclusion criteria were used to identify studies with a cross-sectional or cohort design. The search was limited to journal articles published between 2008-2015 and to English language. Quality assessment was done using the National Institute of Health tool for observational studies. Data was extracted on to excel sheets and analysed using SPSS version 22.Results: Six studies with a cohort (1) or cross-sectional design (5) involving 1, 131 health care workers were reviewed. The overall quality of the studies was fair, and a narrative synthesis was done. The colonization rate of the mobile phones ranged between 46.3 % and a 100% with 13-50% carrying potentially pathogenic multidrug resistant microorganisms. Methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus, Vancomycine resistant enterococci, acinobacter and coagulase negative staphylococci were reported across all studies and were recognized as leading causes of morbidity and mortalityin the ICU. Conclusion: Mobile phones Of HCW are portals of potentially pathogenic microorganisms, which could result in morbidity and mortality.Although no causal relationship could be established, strong associations have been reported. Guidelines by hospital infection control committees are needed on restriction, care and routine cleaning of mobile phones as well as further research. Key words: Health care worker, Intensive care unit, Hospital Acquired Infections, mobile phones

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