scholarly journals Pollination Ecology of Rhynchosia Heynei Wight and Arn. (Leguminosae), An Endemic Medicinal Herbaceous Shrub Species of Peninsular India

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 32-44
Author(s):  
A. J. Solomon Raju ◽  
K. Venkata Ramana
Keyword(s):  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Pollination Ecology ◽  
Eastern Ghats ◽  
Peninsular India ◽  
Regeneration Rate ◽  
Medicinal Value ◽  
Root Stock ◽  
Explosive Pollination

 Rhynchosia heynei is an endemic shrub in dry deciduous forests of peninsular India. It is medicinally important and used locally for the treatment of different diseases. Despite its medicinal value and endemic status, no studies were made on the pollination ecology of this shrub to understand the factors leading to its endemic status. In this connection, the standard protocols were followed for the systematic study of the pollination in the Nallamalai forest of Eastern Ghats of Andhra Pradesh. The study indicated that the plant produces nectariferous bisexual flowers. The flowers were self-compatible and equipped with explosive pollination mechanism adapted for melittophily. The fruit set occurred through self and cross-pollination. Mature and dry pods dehisce explosively to disperse seeds. Regeneration occurred through perennial root stock and seeds during rainy season but the regeneration rate is poor due to rocky and dry habitat with little moisture and nutrient content. Journal of Institute of Science and Technology Volume 22, Issue 2, January 2018, Page: 32-44 

scholarly journals Pollination ecology and fruiting behavior of Pavetta indica L. (Rubiaceae), a keystone shrub species in the southern Eastern Ghats forest, Andhra Pradesh, India

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 9155 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.J. Solomon Raju ◽  
M. Mallikarjuna Rao ◽  
K. Venkata Ramana ◽  
C. Prasada Rao ◽  
M. Sulakshana
Keyword(s):  
Honey Bees ◽  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Keystone Species ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Eastern Ghats ◽  
Natural Area ◽  
Regeneration Rate ◽  
Secondary Pollen Presentation ◽  
Pollen Presentation

Pavetta indica is a massive bloomer for a brief period in May.  The flowers are hermaphroditic, strikingly protandrous, self and cross-compatible, nectariferous and psychophilous.  They possess secondary pollen presentation mechanism as a device to avoid autonomous autogamy but it does not prevent geitonogamy.  The fruit set largely occurs through geitonogamy and xenogamy.  Butterflies, especially papilionids, pierids, nymphalids, and sphingid hawk moth pollinate the flowers while collecting nectar.  Honey bees and blue-banded digger bees feed on pollen and effect only accidental pollination.  The nectar is sucrose-rich and contains essential and non-essential amino acids.  Birds are seed dispersal agents. Seeds are non-dormant and germinate readily during rainy season but their continued growth and establishment is subject to the availability of soil moisture and nutrients.  The plant is not able to populate itself in its natural area.  The local uses of different parts of the plant have been found to be affecting its reproductive success and natural regeneration rate.  Therefore, regulation of the uses of this plant is recommended for its survival and restoration of its population size in the natural areas due to its role as a keystone species for bees and butterflies during dry season. 

scholarly journals A PHARMACOGNOSTIC AND PHARMACOLOGICAL REVIEW ON CURCUMA PSEUDOMONTANA J.GRAHAM

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Vanita Kanase ◽  
Jyoti D Singh
Keyword(s):  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Fluorescence Analysis ◽  
Eastern Ghats ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Peninsular India ◽  
Phytochemical Study ◽  
Primary And Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Current Review ◽  
The Family

Curcuma pseudomontana J. Graham belongs to the family Zingiberaceae, commonly known as hill turmeric. It is an endemic to the Western and Eastern Ghats, of peninsular India. C. pseudomontana rhizome is beneficial against leprosy, dysentery, and cardiac diseases. The Savara, Bagata, and Valmiki tribes of Andhra Pradesh use tuber extracts to cure jaundice and Bagata tribes use this plant for diabetes. In the present study, the preliminary phytochemical study and antioxidant activity of the rhizome extracts of C. pseudomontana were evaluated. Phytochemical screening indicated that rhizomes are rich in a variety of primary and secondary metabolites such as carbohydrates, alkaloids, Vitamin C, Vitamin E, flavonoids, phenols, glycosides, and saponins. The study highlights the biochemical and ethnopharmacological significance of an endemic C. pseudomontana. The results of pharmacognostic analysis will be helpful in developing standards for quality, purity, and sample identification. The current review summarizes the pharmacognostic parameters such as macroscopic, microscopic, physicochemical constituents, fluorescence analysis, nutritive value, behavior analysis of rhizome powder, and pharmacological activities prove it is a useful medicinal plant.

scholarly journals A preliminary checklist of butterflies from the northern Eastern Ghats with notes on new and significant species records including three new reports for peninsular India

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (13) ◽  
pp. 12769-12791 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajkamal Goswami ◽  
Ovee Thorat ◽  
Vikram Aditya ◽  
Seena Narayanan Karimbumkara
Keyword(s):  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Eastern Ghats ◽  
Security Threats ◽  
Peninsular India ◽  
Invertebrate Diversity ◽  
Butterfly Fauna ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
Research Action ◽  
Forest Habitats

The northern Eastern Ghats is an area with significant biodiversity value but remains poorly explored except for a few charismatic taxa such as birds, mammals and reptiles.  Very few studies have looked at the invertebrate diversity of these hill ranges, particularly butterflies.  We present the first peer-reviewed checklist of butterflies from the northern Eastern Ghats based on a rapid and intensive survey carried out at five sites over 16 days across the buffer area of Papikonda National Park and Araku Valley in 2015 and 2016.  We report a total of 102 species of butterflies from six lepidopteran families.  Seventeen significant records include numerous first reports: three new species reports for peninsular India, nine for Eastern Ghats and 14 for the northern Eastern Ghats.  This checklist adds 17 species to the known butterfly fauna for the state of Andhra Pradesh.  It is hoped that findings from the study will help to mobilise conservation research, action and attention for the northern Eastern Ghats forest habitats, which are currently threatened by large scale development, security threats due to the Naxalite insurgency and mesoscale exploitation of forest resources. 

Crotalaria lamelliformis (Fabaceae: Crotalarieae), a new species from Eastern Ghats of Andhra Pradesh, Peninsular India

Phytotaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 490 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-81
Author(s):  
PASUPULETI SIVARAMAKRISHNA ◽  
PULICHERLA YUGANDHAR ◽  
LAL JI SINGH
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Eastern Ghats ◽  
Inflorescence Architecture ◽  
Peninsular India ◽  
Habitat Ecology ◽  
Definite Difference ◽  
Floral Characters ◽  
A New Species

Crotalaria lamelliformis is described and illustrated as a new species in sect. Calycinae from Eastern Ghats, Andhra Pradesh of India. The habitat ecology, distribution and conservation status are briefly discussed in this study. This new species is apparently resembled to Crotalaria albida B. Heyne ex Roth. (Nov. Pl. Sp., 1821:333) but shows a definite difference by showing a combination of vegetative morphology, inflorescence architecture and floral characters.

scholarly journals Pollination ecology of Rhynchosia cana (Willd.) DC. (Fabaceae), an erect sub-shrub, in peninsular India

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 10757
Author(s):  
A.J. Solomon Raju ◽  
K. Venkata Ramana
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture Content ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Peninsular India ◽  
Hyptis Suaveolens ◽  
Luxuriant Growth ◽  
Root Stock ◽  
Flower Density ◽  
Flower Visiting ◽  
Explosive Pollination ◽  
Rocky Habitats

Rhynchosia cana is a perennial erect sub-shrub.  It flowers during November-January with peak flowering in December.  The flowers are hermaphroditic, nectariferous, self-compatible and display explosive pollination mechanism adapted for pollination by bees.  They do not fruit through autonomous selfing, but rather through manipulated selfing, geitonogamy and xenogamy mediated principally by bees and occasionally by lycaenid butterflies.  In the localities of this herb, weeds such as Hyptis suaveolens (Lamiaceae) and Chromolaena odorata (Asteraceae) show luxuriant growth and flower simultaneously, and their intense flowering and high flower density ensures that most flower-visiting insects visit their flowers. In this situation only two bee species, Nomia and Anthidium exhibited fidelity to R. cana flowers.  Un-tripped flowers fall off while tripped ones set fruit.  In open-pollinations, fruit set was 81% and seed set was 54%.  Seed dispersal occurs by explosive pod dehiscence.  Perennial root stock resurrects back to life and restarts its reproductive cycle during the rainy season.  Seeds also germinate at the same time but their continued growth is subject to the availability of soil moisture content.  This study suggests that R. cana is unable to compete with the co-flowering weed species for pollinators, and also has regeneration constraints due to nutrient-deficient rocky habitats with prolific growth of weeds.

Three Mosses New to Bryoflora of Eastern Ghats

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A.K. Asthana ◽  
Priyanshu Srivastava
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
Eastern Ghats ◽  
Extended Range

Eastern Ghats are discontinuous hill ranges passing through Orissa, Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu located between 11⁰30' & 22⁰N latitude and 76⁰50' & 86⁰30'E longitude. Bryophyte flora of this region is still very less explored. During a recent field exploration to Eastern Ghats region of Tamil Nadu three moss taxa viz. Solmsiella biseriata (Austin) Steere, Aulacopilum glaucam Wilson and Groutiella tomentosa (Hornsch) Wijk & Marg. have been identified as new additions to moss flora of Eastern Ghats. The present study provides the information regarding extended range of distribution of these taxa in India and a compensable account of morpho-taxonomical details with earlier described taxa from other bryogeographical zones.

Structure and floristic composition of tree stand in tropical forest in the Eastern Ghats of northern Andhra Pradesh, India

2011 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 491-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Sudhakar Reddy ◽  
Shilpa Babar ◽  
Giriraj Amarnath ◽  
Chiranjibi Pattanaik
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Forest ◽  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Eastern Ghats ◽  
Tree Stand

Studies on Phytochemical, Antimicrobial activity and Micro propagation of Medicinal plants from Eastern Ghats of Andhra Pradesh

2021 ◽  
pp. 111-115
Author(s):  
Darsi Phebe Sarah Koti Ratnam
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
Eastern Ghats ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Rauwolfia Serpentina ◽  
Alstonia Scholaris ◽  
Soxhlet Apparatus ◽  
Medicinal Plant Extracts ◽  
Micro Propagation

The aim of the present study was to investigate the presence of phyto chemical, antimicrobial activities and micro propagation of the selected medicinal plants i.e. Rauwolfia serpentina, Adhatoda vasica and Alstonia scholaris. These endemic plants belong to Apocynaceae and were collected from higher altitudes of Eastern Ghats, Lambasingi forest region, Andhra Pradesh India. To determine the total phenolic and flavonoid contents, Soxhlet apparatus was used for this study. Solvents used were in this study are water, ethyl acetate, chloroform and methanol. Among them the solvent methanolic extract of Rauwolfia serpentina (57.15±1.2) and Alstonia scholaris (55.06±0.7) showed high content of saponins. The test microrganism which were studied against the efficacy of selected medicinal plant extracts were, two bacterial strians i.e., Streptococcus pyogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and two fungal strains Aspergillus niger and Vibrio cholera. The antimicrobial activity was proved that the methanol extracts was found to be maximum antimicrobial growth inhibition. The simple and effective protocol was developed to propagate the Rauwolfia plant from nodal explants. Maximum no of 95% plantlets regenerated successfully. These propagated plantlets were hardened to survive in vivo conditions.

Socio-cultural Importance of Newborn Healthcare Practices of Parengi Porja Tribe Living in Hilly Forested Areas of Andhra Pradesh, India: An Anthropological Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 097206342110524
Author(s):  
Srividhya Samakya V. ◽  
G. Palanisamy
Keyword(s):  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Traditional Birth Attendant ◽  
Healthcare Management ◽  
Eastern Ghats ◽  
Cultural Importance ◽  
Hilly Region ◽  
Forested Areas ◽  
Probability Of Death

The study aims to understand the traditional healthcare management of the newborns of the Parengi Porja tribe. The Parengi Porja tribe is a Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Group (PVTG) that inhabits the Eastern Ghats, which is a continuous high hilly region of Visakhapatnam district, Andhra Pradesh, India. The members of this tribe strongly believe that the earliest weeks of a newborn’s life is the time for the greatest probability of death and disability. To avoid these misfortunes, they strictly follow the traditional healthcare regimen for newborns, which has significant socio-cultural importance. For this study, 105 neonates were purposively selected, and their mothers were interviewed for data collection. The research data were analysed by qualitative methods that included participant observation, in-depth interviews and focus group discussion. The collected data were repeatedly cross-checked with other elderly female members like grandmothers, and sutranimaizi (traditional birth attendant [TBA]) through interviews to strengthen the efficiency and authenticity of the data. The findings of the study show that this tribal population has its understanding of the management of neonatal health, which is socio-culturally ingrained, sanctioned and transmitted through generations.

Molecular phylogeny and systematics of the centipede genus Ethmostigmus Pocock (Chilopoda : Scolopendromorpha) from peninsular India

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 1316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jahnavi Joshi ◽  
Gregory D. Edgecombe
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequence ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetics ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Indian Plate ◽  
Eastern Ghats ◽  
Integrative Approach ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Ecological Data ◽  
Peninsular India ◽  
Dna Sequence Data

Integrative taxonomy assesses the congruence between different lines of evidence for delimiting species, such as morphological, molecular or ecological data. Herein molecular phylogenetics is used to test monophyly and determine the phylogenetic position of the Old World tropical centipede genus Ethmostigmus Pocock, 1898, and to define species boundaries for Ethmostigmus in peninsular India. A phylogeny of the family Scolopendridae based on DNA sequence data for three markers from 427 specimens sampling in all major lineages (144 individuals generated in this study) recovers Ethmostigmus as a monophyletic group, but relationships among the genera in its subfamily Otostigminae are poorly supported. Two species delimitation methods for DNA sequence data and phylogeny are integrated with morphology and geographic data to propose a well-supported species hypothesis for Ethmostigmus on the peninsular Indian plate. Five species of Ethmostigmus are recognised in peninsular India, of which E. coonooranus Chamberlin, 1920 and three new species, namely, E. agasthyamalaiensis, sp. nov., E. sahyadrensis, sp. nov. and E. praveeni, sp. nov., occur in the Western Ghats, a biodiversity hotspot. The lesser-known Eastern Ghats harbour one species, E. tristis (Meinert, 1886), which has been nearly unreported for 130 years. This study highlights the value of an integrative approach to systematics, especially in underexplored, high biodiversity regions and where morphological variation is limited among closely related species.

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