scholarly journals Seasonal Diversity of Birds in Nagarjun Forest of Shivapuri Nagarjun National Park, Kathmandu, Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-43
Author(s):  
Praveen Kumar Jha
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
National Park ◽  
Field Survey ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Biodiversity Hotspots ◽  
Observation Methods ◽  
Seasonal Diversity

Nagarjun forest of Shivapuri Nagarjun National Park plays a significant role in the conservation of avifaunal diversity, but there are very few studies on birds of such local biodiversity hotspots in Nepal. The objective of the present study was to obtain information on seasonal diversity, species richness and relative abundance of birds in Nagarjun forest. The study was carried out from August 2019to June 2020 covering two seasons (autumn and spring). A total of 97 species of birds belonging to 10 orders and 42 families were recorded from three trails. Total22 Mackinnon’s lists were produced resulting 97 bird species recorded from entire field survey. Passeriformes was recorded as the most dominating order represented by 69 species. Mackinnon’s listing and direct observation methods were used to survey birds and Shannon-Weiner diversity index was used for data analysis. Relative abundance showed that most of the species were rare (54%) followed by uncommon (20%), very common (15%) and common (11%). Shannon-Weiner diversity index showed higher value for spring (H = 3.895) than autumn (H =3.807) and evenness was also higher in spring (E= 0.899) than autumn (E = 0.887).The result indicated higher species richness in spring with 76 species than autumn with 73 species. Based on the Shannon–Weiner index, the overall species diversity was highest in the trail III.

scholarly journals Avian Diversity of Oak Mixed Forest in Pauri Garhwal, Uttarakhand, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jarnail Singh ◽  
Sunil Bhandari ◽  
M S Bisht
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Field Survey ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Mixed Forest ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Bird Diversity ◽  
Species Evenness ◽  
Avian Diversity ◽  
Number Of Species

The avian diversity of Oak mixed forest in Pauri Garhwal district of Uttarakhand was studied during October 2019 to March 2020. Two strands of oak mixed forest located at different sites at 29º 22’-29º 75’ North and 78º, 10’ -78º,80’ East (1750 masl) were selected. Regular field survey was carried out during the morning and evening hours at each site. A total of 63 species of birds belonging to 07 orders and 31 families were recorded. The average bird diversity index H ¯was 3.202. The species richness was observed around 7.27 and species evenness was 0.72. The highest number of species was recorded at Ransi Oak mixed forest (63) and lowest number of bird species were recorded in Teka Oak mixed forest (60).

scholarly journals COMMUNITY STRUCTURE ECHINODERMS (ASTEROIDEA, OPHIUROIDEA, ECHINOIDEA AND HOLOTHUROIDEA) IN THE MARINE NATIONAL PARK EAST SULAWESI WAKATOBI

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 357-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eddy Yusron
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Community Structure ◽  
National Parks ◽  
National Park ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Dead Coral ◽  
Evenness Index ◽  
Different Types ◽  
High Level ◽  
Richness Index

A study on Echinoderms community structure in marine national parks of Wakatobi, Southeast Sulawesi was conducted in six locations, i.e., Waha Beach, Coastal Sombo, Beach Houses, Beach Kapota, Banakawa beach, and Umala beach in October 2013. All of the six parks were located the Wakatobi territorial waters with coordinates of 5°06'25" S and 123°124'10 E. The results showed of 18 species of echinoderms representing six different types of Asteroidea, two types of Ophiuroidea, six types of Echinoidea, and four types of Holothuroidea. Group of starfish or Asteroidea was the most prominent on seagrass area. Based on the six transects sites, it turned out that the group of starfish (Asteridea) occupied a relatively high level of species richness. From the quantitative analysis values, we obtained diversity index (H) of 1.105 in Sombu, the highest evenness index (J) of 0.989 was found in Umala, and the highest species richness index values (D) of 0.132 was obtained in kapota. It seemed that all echinoderm groups were generally like seagrass microhabitat (12 types). While, sand and dead coral habitats were only occupied by 8 (eight) echinoderm groups. Keywords: echinoderms, diversity, Wakatobi, Southeast Sulawesi

scholarly journals Composition and Functional Diversity in Bird Communities in a Protected Humid Coastal Savanna

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfan A. Rija ◽  
Abubakari S. Mgelwa ◽  
Robert B. Modest ◽  
Shombe N. Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
National Park ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Bird Communities ◽  
Large Mammals ◽  
Feeding Guild ◽  
Bird Species Richness ◽  
Heterogeneous Landscape ◽  
Species Lists ◽  
Associated Species

Our current understanding of the vertebrate communities of a newly gazetted Tanzanian coastal national park is limited and strongly taxonomically biased towards large mammals. We conducted bird assessments in three sites in Saadani National Park using species lists to analyze some parameters to inform biodiversity conservation in the area. We recorded 3112 individuals in 268 species falling in 66 families, including 2 endangered, 2 vulnerable, and 6 near threatened species. Both species richness and species diversity varied between sites. Species relative abundances were not different between the sites although some functional groups, especially granivores, were more abundant than others. Bird assemblages included 21 forest specialists (FF-species), 35 forest generalists (F-species), and 68 forest visitors (f-species) overlapping among bushland, wooded grassland, grassland, and thickets suggesting presence of important microhabitats for the forest-associated species in this ecosystem. Bird species richness in a feeding guild also showed marked overlap between habitats suggesting availability of rich food resources for the birds. This paper highlights the importance of maintaining a structurally heterogeneous landscape to sustain diverse bird communities in the area.

Acridid (Orthoptera: Caelifera) diversity in agriculture ecosystems at three locations in the Mzab valley, Septentrional Sahara, Algeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
YOUCEF ZERGOUN ◽  
OMAR GUEZOUL ◽  
MAKHLOUF SEKOUR ◽  
NOUREDDINE BOURAS ◽  
MICHAEL D. HOLTZ
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Agricultural Activity ◽  
Sampling Effort ◽  
Diverse Group ◽  
Agricultural Ecosystem ◽  
Agricultural Ecosystems ◽  
Low Intensity

Caelifera is one of the largest and most diverse group of insects, and they are the dominant Orthoptera in agriculture ecosystems. We present here an inventory of Acridid fauna of the agricultural ecosystems in the Mzab valley (Septentrional Sahara, Algeria). Grasshoppers were sampled with quadrats in Béni Isguen, Ghardaïa and El-Atteuf, and we have expressed the species richness, sampling effort and relative abundance. The method used is that of quadrats sampling. The results revealed the presence of 27 species, divided into three families, Acrididae, Pyrgomorphidae and Tetrigidae. Among these families, we found that Acrididae are most diverse with six subfamilies. The subfamily Oedipodinae with 10 species was the most abundant, while the subfamily Tetriginae was the least abundant (represented by a one species). The value of the diversity index showed that the cultivated area of Béni Isguen is the most favorable for the development of many Caelifera. The abundance of grasses and low intensity of agricultural activity in this environment favors the presence of Acridid. We found that the Acridid community depends mainly on the nature and richness of vegetation cover, the intensity of agricultural activity and the type of irrigation. Keywords: Grasshopper, agricultural ecosystem, biodiversity, North Africa, Sahara

scholarly journals Impact of the Low Head Dam/Barrage on Fisheries – A Case Study of Giri River of Yamuna Basin (India)

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-138
Author(s):  
Harcharan Singh Rumana ◽  
Veliachamy Jeeva ◽  
Sudhir Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Habitat Heterogeneity ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
River System ◽  
Western Himalayas ◽  
Diversity Pattern ◽  
Low Head ◽  
Longitudinal Stretch

Abstract Shannon’s diversity index H’ = pi log2 pi was calculated for 16 fish species. The index was resolved into its components, species richness and relative abundance, to determine which components played a larger role in the determination of diversity pattern. Changes in diversity were correlated with species richness (r), habitat heterogeneity, and hydrological regimes in a longitudinal stretch of 35 km along the river Giri, a major tributary of the Yamuna River system, in Western Himalayas. Abundance differs with change in habitat structures, habitat preference of fish species and water regimes. The decrease in diversity in the lower stretch of about 3-4 km upstream of the barrage was found to be associated with habitat fragmentation and as well as d/s with loss of biotic integrity of aquatic ecosystem due to water scarcity. Species richness was found to be maximum at upper and middle reaches (elevation 650-800 m, msl) of the river, whereas it was low in lower reaches. Change in water chemistry was also noticed at Jatan barrage-low head dam due to impoundment of river water. It is inferred that the regulation of water has an impact on species richness and relative abundance, and on habitat heterogeneity which has decreased due to the change in environmental condition.

scholarly journals Patterns of Species Richness and Abundance in Badingilo National Park in South Sudan

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Francis Lado ◽  
David Gwolo Phanuel Mogga ◽  
Richard Angelo Lado Benjamin
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
National Park ◽  
Habitat Type ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Point Count ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Riverine Habitat ◽  
Species Richness And Abundance ◽  
Point Count Method

The study was carried out to determine patterns of birds’ species richness, alpha and beta diversities; and abundance in Badingilo national park using a 10 m fixed-radius point count method. A total of 2670 individuals were recorded from 182 points in the park. The highest expected number of species (Jack1 estimator) was observed in the Riverine habitat and least was in the Agriculture and Human settlement habitat type. The total number of species observed in the park was 63; however Jack1 estimator indicated that there were 68 species in the park. The majority of the birds observed during the study were resident species, few migratory and Palaearctic bird species. Few birds observed in the park were abundant. The most abundant species was the village weaver (381 individuals), and the rarest species were black-bellied bustard, barn owl, black scimitar bill and tree pipit (one individual each).

scholarly journals KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS BURUNG PADA HUTAN DATARAN RENDAH DI KOMPLEKS GUNUNG BULUSARAUNG TAMAN NASIONAL BANTIMURUNG BULUSARAUNG

PERENNIAL ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Risma Illa Maulany ◽  
Jumriah Lira ◽  
Amran Achmad ◽  
Nida' Sari Achmad
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Wildlife Conservation ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Bird Diversity ◽  
Line Transect ◽  
Lowland Forest ◽  
South Sulawesi ◽  
Bird Watching

Lowland Forest at the complex of Bulusaraung mountain  in the Bantimurung Bulusaraung National Park is one of important habitat of birds in South Sulawesi. This study aimed to identify bird’s diversity in the Lowland Forest of Bantimurung Bulusaraung National Park for ecotourism purposes. This research was carried out for 2 months between April and May 2018. The data were gathered by using line transect method. The data were analyzed by using Shannon-Weiner diversity index, Evenness index, Margalef species richness index, and Sorensen Similarity index. The result of the study showed that, there were 23 species of birds found in the three lines of observation tracks. There were 19 species  found in Balleanging, 12 species  in Kattokaddaro and 15 species  found in Tompobulu.The highest value of bird diversity index was found in Tompobulu (H '= 1,73) followed by Balleanging (H' = 1,54) and Kattokaddaro routes (H '= 1,43). Therefore, the diversity of bird species in the three observation pathways can be used as objects and attractions in the development of ecotourism based on bird watching in wildlife conservation efforts.

scholarly journals Keanekaragaman dan Kelimpahan Belalang dan Kerabatnya (Orthoptera) pada Dua Ekosistem Pegunungan di Taman Nasional Gunung Halimun-Salak

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 100
Author(s):  
NETY VIRGO ERAWATI ◽  
SIH KAHONO
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
National Park ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Sampling Site ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Line Transect ◽  
Light Traps ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Sweep Net

A study on diversity and abundance of grasshopper and its relatives (Orthoptera) was conducted at two mountainous rainforest ecosystems (Mounts Kendeng and Botol) of Gunung Halimun-Salak National Park. A hundred meters of a line transect was used to sample and set up several insect traps (yellow pan, malaise, pit fall, bait pit fall, sweep net, and light traps), and insect sweepings as well. The light traps were set up at about fifty meters distance from the end of the sampling sites. A total individual collected by traps was combined on every comparable sampling site. Total individuals of the Orthoptera captured were 414; consisted of 25 species of 9 families. Both species diversity and number of families were higher at Mount Kendeng rather than Mount Botol. Number of species of each family usually similar except on family of Grillidae was much higher at Mount Kendeng. Species belong to Phasmidae was not recorded at Mount Kendeng, while species belong to both families of Gryllotalpidae and Tettigonidae were not captured at Mount Botol as well. Overal there was a difference in the species richness at each between. Shannon Diversity Index (H’) and evenness (E) were higher at Mount Kendeng (2.44 and 0.81) rather than Mount Botol (1.80 and 0.66). Similarity Index of Jaccard (Cj) and Sorenson (Cn) of both localities were similar (0.40 and 0.32). Herbivores were most dominant at both localities (Phasmidae, Tetrigidae, Acrididae, Gryllidae, dan Gryllotalpidae), followed by omnivores (Blattidae), scavenger (Gryllacrididae), and predator (Mantidae).

scholarly journals Avifauna within the Main Campus of Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (12) ◽  
pp. 1246-1252
Author(s):  
Hassan A Rudayni
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
House Sparrow ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Passer Domesticus ◽  
Columba Livia ◽  
Avian Diversity ◽  
Main Campus ◽  
Wiener Diversity Index ◽  
New Policies

Avian diversity of two zones within the main campus of IMSIU University was studied during the period from July 2019 to June 2020. A total number of 1,653 individual birds was recorded across the main campus which falls under fifteen species belonging to thirteen families. Out of this number, 760 individual of them were recorded in Zone-A versus 893 individual in Zone-B. Species richness in Zone-A was 15 while species richness in Zone-B was 13. Census index of the Birds was recorded as follows: 4.6 Birds/ha and 7.9 Birds/ha in both Zones A and B, respectively. Bird species sighted was higher in Zone-B as compared with Zone-A, as indicated by Shannon-Wiener Diversity Index (H) which accounts for 1.83 in Zone-A and 1.65 in Zone-B. Pigeon (Columba livia), House Sparrow (Passer domesticus) and Laughing Dove (Spilopelia senegalensis) were among the most frequently sighted. From the current study, it is recommended that Zone-B be pedestrianized for the enrichment and protection of the avian species. Also, new policies should be put forward by the relevant authority within the main campus to maintain avian diversity, such as expanding afforestation and green landscapes, in addition to the establishment of artificial lakes and ponds.

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