scholarly journals Exploring the effects of supranutritional zinc and ractopamine hydrochloride on the proteome and phosphoproteome of the Longissimus dorsi in beef steers

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Grace Hochmuth
Keyword(s):  
Longissimus Dorsi ◽  
Beef Steers ◽  
Ractopamine Hydrochloride

scholarly journals 223 The effects of supplemental zinc and ractopamine hydrochloride on the Longissimus dorsi proteome of finishing beef steers

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 134-135
Author(s):  
Katherine Hochmuth ◽  
Matthew Schulte ◽  
Elisabeth Huff-Lonergan ◽  
Stephanie L Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Immune Function ◽  
Fiber Type ◽  
Muscle Metabolism ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Longissimus Dorsi ◽  
P Value ◽  
Beef Steers ◽  
Acid Complex ◽  
Zn Nutrition ◽  
Ractopamine Hydrochloride

Abstract The objective of this study was to determine how steer growth rate and Zn nutrition affects the muscle proteome. Forty-eight, high percentage Angus steers (494 ± 18.2 kg) were blocked by BW and GeneMax gain score (GeneMax Focus, Zoetis, Parsippany, NJ) to treatments arranged in a 2×2 factorial. On d 0, steers were assigned to control (CON; 36 mg Zn/kg dry matter [DM]) or supranutritional Zn (SUPZN; CON + 60 mg Zn/kg DM as ZnSO4+ 60 mg Zn/kg DM as Zn-amino acid complex) dietary treatment (ZNTRT), and housed in pens (n = 6 or 8 steers/pen) with Growsafe bunks. On d 62, within ZNTRT steers were assigned to ractopamine hydrochloride treatments (RACTRT) of 0 (NO) or 300 mg·steer-1·d-1(RAC) for 28 d. Longissimus dorsi biopsies (between 12thand 13thrib) were collected on d 77. Sarcoplasmic fractions were extracted and submitted for proteomics analysis using mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Data were log transformed and comparisons made using t-tests with adjusted P-value cutoffs of 0.1. Differences were noted in abundance of proteins involved in glycolytic, retinol and fatty acid metabolism. A shift from slow to fast muscle fiber type was suggested by decreased abundance of myoglobin and slow skeletal troponin 1 in steers fed RAC compared to steers not fed RAC within CON (P ≤ 0.04), while these proteins also tended to be lesser due to SUPZN within steers not fed RAC (P ≤0.09). The intermediate filament associated protein, vimentin, tended to be less abundant in RAC steers (P ≤ 0.09), suggesting RAC affects cellular remodeling. Proteins involved in immune function were also affected; for instance, the acute phase protein alpha-1-acid glycoprotein was more abundant in CON-RAC compared to either SUPZN-RAC (P = 0.001) or CON-NO (P = 0.02). Ractopamine hydrochloride and supranutritional Zn, independently and collectively, affect proteins involved in muscle metabolism, cellular remodeling and immune function in beef steers.

scholarly journals 401 Effect of zinc source and ractopamine hydrochloride on the growth performance and carcass characteristics of steers fed in confinement to harvest

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 160-160
Author(s):  
John Wagner ◽  
William T Nelson ◽  
Terry Engle ◽  
Jerry Spears ◽  
Jeff Heldt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Feedlot Cattle ◽  
Beef Steers ◽  
Live Animal ◽  
Zinc Source ◽  
Dressing Percentage ◽  
Ractopamine Hydrochloride ◽  
Daily Gain

Abstract Four hundred and thirty-two beef steers (346.3 ± 63.7 kg BW) were used to determine the effects of Zn source on feedlot cattle fed ractopamine hydrochloride. Cattle were blocked in groups of 54 by BW and housed in 48 pens containing 9 steers per pen. Pens within a weight block were randomly assigned to treatments in a 2 x 3 factorial arrangement, with factors being: 1) 0 or 30.1 mg of ractopamine HCl/kg DM fed during the final 29 days on feed; and 2) Zn source: 90 mg of supplemental Zn/kg DM from ZnSO4; Zn sulfate (67%) + Zn methionine (33%); and Zn from Zn hydroxychloride, fed through the entire feeding period. Cattle were fed a high concentrate finishing diet for 154 d and slaughtered at a commercial abattoir. Average daily gain, DMI, feed efficiency and carcass characteristics were determined after slaughter. Zinc source had no impact on live animal performance. Cattle fed ractopamine HCl had greater (P < 0.01) final BW, greater (P < 0.001) ADG, improved (P < 0.001) G:F, heavier (P < 0.01) HCW, and larger (P < 0.05) longissimus muscle compared to non-ractopamine supplemented steers. There was a Zn source by ractopamine interaction (P < 0.01) for dressing percentage. Cattle receiving ractopamine HCl with Zn hydroxychloride had a greater dressing percentage (P < 0.05) when compared to ractopamine HCl cattle fed other Zn sources. Cattle receiving ractopamine HCl with Zn sulfate had a lesser dressing percentage (P < 0.05) when compared to ractopamine HCl cattle fed other Zn sources. Additional Zn source by ractopamine HCl interactions were not significant. These data indicate that Zn source has minimal impacts on feedlot steer performance and carcass characteristics when supplemented to cattle receiving 0.0 or 30.1 mg of ractopamine HCl/kg DM.

scholarly journals Effects of voluntary removal of ractopamine hydrochloride (Optaflexx) on live performance and carcass characteristics of beef steers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
P J Rincker ◽  
J B Allen ◽  
M Edmonds ◽  
M S Brown ◽  
J C Kube
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Beef Steers ◽  
Live Performance ◽  
Meet Residue ◽  
Ractopamine Hydrochloride ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Linear Manner

Abstract There is a lack of consistency across the globe in how countries establish tissue ractopamine residue limits and which residue limits are applied to various tissues, particularly for edible noncarcass tissues. Therefore, some US beef slaughter organizations have recommended a 48-h voluntary removal of ractopamine before slaughter in order to meet residue requirements of specific export countries and maintain international trade. Our objective was to assess the impact of voluntary removal of ractopamine hydrochloride (Optaflexx®; Elanco, Greenfield, IN) up to 8 d before slaughter on growth performance and carcass characteristics. Crossbred beef steers (60 pens of 10 animals/pen) with an initial shrunk body weight (BW) of 611.8 ± 10 kg SEM were fed one of six treatments over 42 d. Treatments included a control that did not receive ractopamine, on-label use of ractopamine (0-d withdrawal), and 2, 4, 6, or 8 d of voluntary removal of ractopamine from feed before slaughter. The start of ractopamine feeding (30.1 mg/kg of diet dry matter for 32 d) was staggered so that blocks could be slaughtered on the same day. Dry matter intake was decreased by 0.5 kg/d when ractopamine was fed with a 0-d withdrawal (P = 0.04) compared to the control, but was not altered (P = 0.56) as the duration of ractopamine removal increased from 0 to 8 d. Final BW, total BW gain, and average daily BW gain were increased by feeding ractopamine with a 0-d withdrawal (P = 0.09) compared to the control, but these variables decreased in a linear manner (P = 0.10) as the duration of removal increased from 0 to 8 d. Gain efficiency was improved by 15% (P < 0.01) by feeding ractopamine with a 0-d withdrawal compared to the control, and gain efficiency decreased linearly (P = 0.06) as the duration of ractopamine removal increased. Approximately 2/3 of the increase in gain efficiency remained after 8 d of removal. Hot carcass weight was increased by 6 kg (P = 0.02) by feeding ractopamine with a 0-d withdrawal compared to the control. Measured carcass characteristics were not altered by ractopamine feeding or by removal before slaughter (P ≥ 0.24). The consequences of voluntary removal of ractopamine up to 8 d before slaughter were a linear decrease in live BW gain (0.64 kg/d), poorer gain efficiency, and numerically lighter carcass weight.

scholarly journals 291 Influence of feeding amino acid complexes of zinc and copper on growth performance and carcass response of finishing steers fed ractopamine hydrochloride

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 212-213
Author(s):  
Chanda Engel ◽  
Gary Tibbetts ◽  
Mark Branine
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Beef Steers ◽  
Individual Animal ◽  
Acid Complex ◽  
Amino Acid Complex ◽  
Finishing Steers ◽  
Ractopamine Hydrochloride ◽  
Eden Prairie

Abstract A 42-d research study evaluated effects of feeding beef steers increasing levels of dietary Zn from Zn methionine (AAC-Zn; ZINPRO, Zinpro Corporation, Eden Prairie, MN) with or without supplemental Cu from Cu amino acid complex (AAC-Cu; Availa Cu, Zinpro Corp.) concurrently with ractopamine hydrochloride (RAC; Optaflexx, Elanco Animal Health, Greenfield, IN). One hundred-twenty steers (mean BW = 624 kg), ≤ 50 d from projected harvest were randomized to three pens (40 steers/pen) equipped with GrowSafe Systems (Calgary AB, Canada) feed bunk technology. Each pen was assigned to one of three treatment diets: 1) basal finishing diet + 30 mg Zn/kg DM from AAC-Zn (CON); 2) basal finishing diet + 90 mg Zn/kg DM from AAC-Zn (AAC-Zn90); or 3) AAC-Zn90 diet + 10 mg Cu/kg DM from AAC-Cu (AAC-Zn/Cu). Following allocation to treatments, cattle were acclimated to pen cohorts and GrowSafe feed bunks for 7 days. All steers were fed 300 mg RAC∙hd-1∙d-1 starting 35 d prior to harvest. Individual feed intake measurements began with RAC feeding and continued for 35 d until cattle were shipped for harvest. Carcass data were collected from each steer. Data were analyzed with individual animal as the experimental unit using PROC MIXED and PROC GLIMMIX procedures of SAS 9.4 (SAS Institute, Cary, NC). Numerically AAC-Zn90 fed cattle had heavier carcass weights than CON and AAC-Zn/Cu. Steers fed AAC-Zn90 had greater (P = 0.02) marbling scores compared to AAC-Zn/Cu. Steers fed AAC-Zn90 had lower backfat thickness (P = 0.02) and numerically greater marbling scores compared to CON. A biphasic program of feeding a lower level of AAC-Zn for the duration of the finishing phase followed by an increased rate of AAC-Zn during RAC feeding may optimize overall live and carcass response and improve total individual animal value.

Effect of ractopamine hydrochloride (Optaflexx) dose on live animal performance, carcass characteristics and tenderness in early weaned beef steers

Meat Science ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
pp. 458-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.D. Boler ◽  
A.L. Shreck ◽  
D.B. Faulkner ◽  
J. Killefer ◽  
F.K. McKeith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Beef Steers ◽  
Animal Performance ◽  
Live Animal ◽  
Ractopamine Hydrochloride

scholarly journals 396 Effect of zinc amino acid complexes on growth performance and carcass characteristics of finishing beef steers fed with or without ractopamine hydrochloride- a nine study pooled analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 159-159
Author(s):  
Christopher Reinhardt ◽  
Allison Millican ◽  
Tryon Wickersham ◽  
Connie Larson ◽  
Mark Branine
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Pooled Analysis ◽  
Feed Ratio ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Beef Steers ◽  
Acid Complex ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Ractopamine Hydrochloride

Abstract A nine-study retrospective pooled analysis was conducted to evaluate supplemental Zn provided as an amino acid complex (ZnAA) on growth performance, carcass quality and yield in finishing beef steers fed with or without ractopamine hydrochloride (RAC) prior to slaughter. Data from nine well-controlled studies conducted at university and commercial feedlot research facilities in AB, IA, KS, OK and TX were evaluated using 249 pens ranging from 6 to 275 steers /pen (Total number=14,096 animals.; initial BW = 340± 6.2 kg). Treatments evaluated were: (1) Control (CON) =basal diet with 0 to 11 mg-1·kg-1 DM ZnAA and no RAC; (2) RAC = 200 to 320 mg RAC ∙hd-1∙d-1 fed 28 to 42 d prior to slaughter; (3) ZnAA only =30 to 120 mg-1·kg-1 DM fed throughout finishing period; (4) ZnAA + RAC. Main effects of feeding RAC, ZnAA and RAC × ZnAA interaction were determined for growth performance and carcass data with pen as experimental unit and initial BW as covariate. Combined analyses indicated no RAC × ZnAA interactions (P ≥ 0.23). RAC main effect improved carcass-adjusted growth performance and increased HCW and ribeye area (P ≤ 0.01). Main effect ZnAA increased carcass-adjusted final BW, ADG, and HCW (P ≤ 0.01); improved carcass-adjusted Gain: DM feed ratio (P = 0.06), dressing percentage (P = 0.02), and increased calculated yield grade, backfat thickness and percentage of carcass internal fat (P ≤ 0.10). A RAC × ZnAA interaction (P ≤ 0.10) was observed for USDA quality and yield grade distribution of carcasses. Incidence and severity of liver abscesses were reduced (P ≤ 0.05) by feeding either ZnAA or RAC. Feeding ZnAA and RAC to finishing cattle separately or in combination were additive for producing incremental improvements in production and carcass traits of economic importance.

638 The influence of supplemental zinc and ractopamine hydrochloride on mineral and nitrogen retention of beef steers

2017 ◽  
Vol 95 (suppl_4) ◽  
pp. 312-312
Author(s):  
R. Carmichael ◽  
O. N. Genther-Schroeder ◽  
C. P. Blank ◽  
E. L. Deters ◽  
S. J. Hartman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Retention ◽  
Beef Steers ◽  
Supplemental Zinc ◽  
Ractopamine Hydrochloride
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