scholarly journals Thermal Wake Studies During the August 21st 2017 Total Solar Eclipse

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaye Smith ◽  
Erick Paul Agrimson ◽  
Brittany Craig ◽  
Alynie Xiong ◽  
Grace Maki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Eclipse ◽  
Atmospheric Temperature ◽  
Total Solar Eclipse ◽  
Temperature Profiles ◽  
University Of Minnesota ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Stratospheric Temperature ◽  
Show Evidence ◽  
The University ◽  
Thermal Wake

A thermal wake occurs when a high altitude balloon (HAB) influences and changes the surrounding ambient atmospheric temperature of the air through which it passes. This effect warms the air below the balloon to greater than the ambient temperatures during daytime flights, and cooler than ambient temperatures during nighttime flights. The total solar eclipse of August 21st, 2017, provided us with an opportunity to study these balloon induced temperature transitions from daytime, to eclipsed induced night conditions over the scale of a single flight. To measure these transitions, St. Catherine University and the University of Minnesota, Morris, flew over 40 temperature sensors suspended beneath weather balloons ascending within the path of totality. Stratospheric temperature data collected during the eclipse show evidence of both daytime and nighttime wake temperature profiles.

scholarly journals Thermal Wake Studies During the August 21st 2017 Total Solar Eclipse

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alynie Xiong ◽  
Ana Taylor ◽  
Brittany Craig ◽  
Erick Paul Agrimson ◽  
Gordon McIntosh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Eclipse ◽  
Total Solar Eclipse ◽  
Thermal Wake

scholarly journals Total solar Eclipse of January 22, 1898. Preliminary report on observations made at Ghoglee, central provinces

1899 ◽  
Vol 64 (402-411) ◽  
pp. 21-26 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Eclipse ◽  
Preliminary Report ◽  
Total Solar Eclipse ◽  
Royal Observatory ◽  
Leave Of Absence ◽  
The University

In the month of August, 1897, I was invited by the Joint Permanenta Eclipse Committee to take part in observing the total solar eclipse which occurred in India on 22nd January of the present year. The preparation of the equipment, which will be described further on, was at once proceeded with, and by the sanction of the Univer­sity authorities and the Secretary for Scotland I was granted the necessary leave of absence from the University and the Royal Observatory.

scholarly journals ATMOSPHERIC STRUCTURE OF THE OUTER PLANETS FROM THERMAL EMISSION DATA

1981 ◽  
Vol 96 ◽  
pp. 35-56
Author(s):  
Glenn S. Orton
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Thermal Emission ◽  
Atmospheric Temperature ◽  
Temperature Structure ◽  
Emission Data ◽  
Outer Planets ◽  
Atmospheric Structure ◽  
Stratospheric Temperature ◽  
Aerosol Absorption ◽  
Show Evidence

Determination of atmospheric temperature structure is of paramount importance to the understanding of planetary atmospheric structure. The most powerful methods for determining atmospheric structure exploit the opacities provided by the collision induced H2 dipole and the ν4 fundamental of CH4. In addition to earth-based observations, useful measurements of thermal emission from Jupiter and Saturn have been or soon will be made by several spacecraft, with results cross-checked with independent radio occultation results. For Uranus and Neptune, only a limited set of whole-disk earth-based data exists. All the outer planets show evidence for stratospheric temperature inversions; temperature minima range from about 105 K for Jupiter and 87 K for Saturn, to roughly 55 K for Uranus and Neptune. In addition to better data, remaining problems may be resolved by better quantitative understanding of gas and aerosol absorption and scattering properties, chemical composition, and non-LTE source functions. Ultimately, temperature structure results must be supplemented by quantitative energy equilibrium models which will allow some meaning to be given to the relationships between such characteristics as temperature, clouds, incident solar and planetary radiation, and chemical composition.

scholarly journals Incorporating Redundant Systems to Capture the Kentucky Money Shot

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Virginia Smith ◽  
Patrick Heelan ◽  
Emily Essex ◽  
Suzanne Weaver Smith
Keyword(s):  
Solar Eclipse ◽  
Time Window ◽  
Total Solar Eclipse ◽  
Imaging Systems ◽  
University Of Kentucky ◽  
Ground Station ◽  
Short Time Window ◽  
Mission Control ◽  
The University ◽  
Short Time

The Kentucky Eclipse Ballooning Project began in early 2015 when students and faculty from The University of Kentucky attended the NASA Marshall Space Flight Center BalloonSat Workshop in Huntsville, Alabama. The students accelerated their preparations after the Eclipse Ballooning Project Workshop hosted in Bozeman, Montana where they built and learned systems designed by Montana Space Grant. In 2016, the students began a sequence of 10 balloon launches in preparation for the total solar eclipse on August 21, 2017. In the early stages of this project, University of Kentucky students set the goal to capture footage of a separate high-altitude weather balloon in front of the solar eclipse, an image dubbed “The Kentucky Money Shot.” After establishing that goal, students began working on approaches and designs to capture this picture with one overarching theme: redundancy. Every aspect of the project from the number of balloons and imaging systems to tracking systems and launch procedures were designed with redundant aspects and through collaboration among the payload, ground station, launch, and mission control teams. The short time window of eclipse totality, 2 minutes 28 seconds, motivated design iterations throughout the progressive practice launches and ground tests including launching two balloons simultaneously, streaming and storing footage of the flight from multiple cameras, and using SPOT Trackers and Iridium systems as multiple tracking approaches. All of these practices and tests led to flying the final redundant designs on August 21st, 2017 to successfully capture “The Kentucky Money Shot”.

scholarly journals The Total Solar Eclipse of 2017: Meteorological Observations from a Statewide Mesonet and Atmospheric Profiling Systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 101 (6) ◽  
pp. E720-E737
Author(s):  
Rezaul Mahmood ◽  
Megan Schargorodski ◽  
Eric Rappin ◽  
Melissa Griffin ◽  
Patrick Collins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Solar Eclipse ◽  
Sea Breeze ◽  
Total Solar Eclipse ◽  
Land Breeze ◽  
Observation Network ◽  
Research Grade ◽  
Meteorological Observations ◽  
The University

Abstract A total solar eclipse traversed the continental United States on 21 August 2017. It was the first such event in 99 years and provided a rare opportunity to observe the atmospheric response from a variety of instrumented observational platforms. This paper discusses the high-quality observations collected by the Kentucky Mesonet (www.kymesonet.org), a research-grade meteorological and climatological observation network consisting of 72 stations and measuring air temperature, precipitation, relative humidity, solar radiation, wind speed, and wind direction. The network samples the atmosphere, for most variables, every 3 s and then calculates and records observations every 5 min. During the total solar eclipse, these observations were complemented by observations collected from three atmospheric profiling systems positioned in the path of the eclipse and operated by the University of Alabama in Huntsville (UAH). Observational data demonstrate that solar radiation at the surface dropped from >800 to 0 W m‒2, the air temperature decreased by about 4.5°C, and, most interestingly, a land-breeze–sea-breeze-type wind developed. In addition, due to the high density of observations, the network recorded a detailed representation of the spatial variation of surface meteorology. The UAH profiling system captured collapse and reformation of the planetary boundary layer and related changes during the total solar eclipse.

Very High Resolution Analysis of the Dynamics of a Coronal Plasmoid

1994 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. 593-596
Author(s):  
O. Bouchard ◽  
S. Koutchmy ◽  
L. November ◽  
J.-C. Vial ◽  
J. B. Zirker
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Solar Eclipse ◽  
Total Solar Eclipse ◽  
Field Of View ◽  
Small Field ◽  
High Resolution Analysis ◽  
Ccd Observations ◽  
Resolution Analysis ◽  
Very High ◽  
Small Field Of View

AbstractWe present the results of the analysis of a movie taken over a small field of view in the intermediate corona at a spatial resolution of 0.5“, a temporal resolution of 1 s and a spectral passband of 7 nm. These CCD observations were made at the prime focus of the 3.6 m aperture CFHT telescope during the 1991 total solar eclipse.

FeXIV Line Emission Polarization of the July 11, 1991 Solar Corona

1994 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. 541-547
Author(s):  
J. Sýkora ◽  
J. Rybák ◽  
P. Ambrož
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Solar Corona ◽  
Emission Line ◽  
Solar Eclipse ◽  
White Light ◽  
Preliminary Analysis ◽  
Line Emission ◽  
Total Solar Eclipse ◽  
Degree Of Polarization ◽  
High Resolution Images

AbstractHigh resolution images, obtained during July 11, 1991 total solar eclipse, allowed us to estimate the degree of solar corona polarization in the light of FeXIV 530.3 nm emission line and in the white light, as well. Very preliminary analysis reveals remarkable differences in the degree of polarization for both sets of data, particularly as for level of polarization and its distribution around the Sun’s limb.

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