scholarly journals TIME AND SPATAIL ANALYSIS OF DAILY LIFE OF PEOPLE LIVING IN THE HOUSING ESTATE : Case Study of White-collar Workers Living in Suburbs : Investigation on the Function of the Housing Estate, 2

1963 ◽  
Vol 92 (0) ◽  
pp. 25-29
Author(s):  
KAICHIRO KURIHARA ◽  
SUSUMU TOGO ◽  
HIDEO IWANAGA
Keyword(s):  
Daily Life ◽  
White Collar ◽  
Housing Estate ◽  
White Collar Workers

scholarly journals Equality without improvement? A case study of the impact of the Belgian unified status among blue-collar and white-collar workers on their occupational pensions

2021 ◽  
pp. 138826272110319
Author(s):  
Sarah Knoops
Keyword(s):  
White Collar ◽  
Pension Scheme ◽  
Occupational Pension ◽  
Equal Pay ◽  
Occupational Pensions ◽  
Pension Schemes ◽  
White Collar Workers ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact

The long-standing EU acquis of equal pay between male and female workers still proves to be a source of inspiration in the fight against discrimination, even in matters beyond the EU’s competence. This article deals with differences in status between blue- and white-collar workers, which have been haunting many Member States even as technological progress erodes its justification. Although this ground was never protected by EU law, a case study of the Belgian unified status with regard to occupational pensions (the second pension pillar), clearly shows the impact of the jurisprudence of the CJEU. In line with this EU case law, there is no requirement to grant the most beneficial pension scheme to all employees, which could lead to equal, but nevertheless very modest occupational pensions. Based on the preliminary results, we can predict that the Belgian unified status will have a positive effect on the number of blue- and white-collar workers affiliated to a pension scheme. It is, however, unlikely that the high level of benefits of the most generous pension schemes will be retained after harmonisation, considering the financial impact on the employer. It is therefore to be expected that the unified status will indeed lead to equal occupational pension schemes between blue- and white-collar workers, but fail to act as a lever to improve the quality of the second pension pillar in Belgium.

Islamic and Jewish Religious Feminists Tackle Islamic and Jewish Oral Law: Maintenance and Rebellion of Wives

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-63
Author(s):  
Ruth Roded
Keyword(s):  
State Policy ◽  
Political System ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
The State ◽  
The Political ◽  
Jewish Law ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
Parallel Case ◽  
First Time

Beginning in the early 1970s, Jewish and Muslim feminists, tackled “oral law”—Mishna and Talmud, in Judaism, and the parallel Hadith and Fiqh in Islam, and several analogous methodologies were devised. A parallel case study of maintenance and rebellion of wives —mezonoteha, moredet al ba?ala; nafaqa al-mar?a and nush?z—in classical Jewish and Islamic oral law demonstrates similarities in content and discourse. Differences between the two, however, were found in the application of oral law to daily life, as reflected in “responsa”—piskei halacha and fatwas. In modern times, as the state became more involved in regulating maintenance and disobedience, and Jewish law was backed for the first time in history by a state, state policy and implementation were influenced by the political system and socioeconomic circumstances of the country. Despite their similar origin in oral law, maintenance and rebellion have divergent relevance to modern Jews and Muslims.

Association Between Job-Stress and VDT Work, and Musculoskeletal Symptoms of Neck and Shoulder Among White-Collar Workers

2007 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eui Cheol Lee ◽  
Hawn Cheol Kim ◽  
Dal Young Jung ◽  
Dong Hyun Kim ◽  
Jong Han Leem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Job Stress ◽  
White Collar ◽  
Musculoskeletal Symptoms ◽  
White Collar Workers
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