scholarly journals Escherichia coli and fecal-coliform bacteria as indicators of recreational water quality

1993 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Fecal Coliform ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Recreational Water ◽  
Recreational Water Quality ◽  
Fecal Coliform Bacteria

Sources and Persistence of Fecal Coliform Bacteria in a Rural Watershed

2003 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rob C. Jamieson ◽  
Robert J. Gordon ◽  
Steven C. Tattrie ◽  
Glenn W. Stratton
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Fecal Coliform ◽  
Monitoring Program ◽  
Stream Sediments ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Recreational Water ◽  
Flow Conditions ◽  
Small Catchment ◽  
Recreational Water Quality

Abstract Water quality within the Thomas Brook watershed, which is a small catchment located in the headwaters of the Cornwallis River drainage basin, was assessed through an integrated monitoring program. The Thomas Brook watershed is approximately 1000 ha and is characterized by both agricultural and residential land uses. Fecal coliform concentrations and stream flow were monitored at several points throughout the watershed during an eight-month period (May to December, 2001). Thomas Brook was seriously degraded with respect to microbial water quality. Fecal coliform levels frequently exceeded recreational water quality guidelines. At the watershed outlet, 94% of the collected samples exceeded the recreational water quality guideline during low flow conditions. Substantial bacterial loading was observed along stream reaches impacted by livestock operations. Bacterial loading was also observed along a stream reach that was not impacted by agricultural activities. A dense clustering of residences, using on-site septic systems, was the suspected source. Results from this study indicate the presence of a reservoir of fecal microorganisms within the stream sediments. The release of fecal microorganisms from the stream sediments to the water column during both low and high flow conditions could be a major source of bacterial loading.

scholarly journals Assessment of Coliforms Bacteria Contamination in Lake Tanganyika as Bioindicators of Recreational and Drinking Water Quality

2020 ◽  
pp. 9-16
Author(s):  
Lambert Niyoyitungiye ◽  
Anirudha Giri ◽  
Marc Ndayisenga
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Fecal Coliform ◽  
Lake Tanganyika ◽  
Fecal Contamination ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Recreational Water ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Untreated Water

Worldwide coliform bacteria are used as indicators of environmental and fecal contamination and hence, the possible presence of pathogenic organisms. As most people living on the shores of Lake Tanganyika use its water for cooking, drinking and washing; the monitoring of organisms indicating water pollution is more predictive of the presence of certain pathogens to protect public health. This study was carried out along the Burundian coast at 4 sampling sites (Kajaga, Nyamugari, Rumonge and Mvugo) in the months of January, February and March 2018, to assess quantitatively the presence of coliform bacteria in comparison to the standards recommended by BIS-10500 (1991, 2012) and WWF-Pakistan (2007) for drinking and recreational water quality and to sensitize the populace using the untreated water about the potential health risks. The ColonyForming Unit (CFU) method was used and the results showed that total coliform bacteriaobtained was in the range of 9000 to 60000 CFU/100 mLand are indicative of environmental contamination of all sampling stations with an average of 33250 CFU/100 mL. Fecal coliform bacteria ranged from 0 to 5000 CFU/100 mL with an overall average of 2000 CFU/100 m Land Kajaga site appeared free of contamination as fecal coliform count there was nil. The Escherichia coli count recorded ranged from 0 to 3000 CFU/100 mL with an average of 1350 CFU/100 mL. At Kajaga stations, Escherichia coli count was 0 and therefore there is no evidence of recent fecal contamination. Thus, if only fecal contamination is taken into account, the water from Kajaga station can be considered as safe for drinking and bathing purposes but incidentally total coliforms were found at Kajagastation. The water from all sampling stations require treatment before any use.

scholarly journals Modeling the Effects of Future Hydroclimatic Conditions on Microbial Water Quality and Management Practices in Two Agricultural Watersheds

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 753-770 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rory Coffey ◽  
Jonathan Butcher ◽  
Brian Benham ◽  
Thomas Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Fecal Coliform ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Quality Criteria ◽  
Agricultural Watersheds ◽  
Water Quality Criteria ◽  
Recreational Water ◽  
Microbial Water Quality ◽  
Recreational Water Quality ◽  
Nonpoint Sources

Highlights Increased fecal coliform (FC) loading from nonpoint sources is associated with wetter-warmer futures. Drier-warmer futures reduced FC loads but caused more recreational water quality criteria exceedances. More extensive BMP implementation may be needed to meet water quality goals. Abstract. Anticipated future hydroclimatic changes are expected to alter the transport and survival of fecally sourced waterborne pathogens, presenting an increased risk of recreational water quality impairments. Managing future risk requires an understanding of the interactions between fecal sources, hydroclimatic conditions, and best management practices (BMPs) at spatial scales relevant to decision makers. In this study, we used the Hydrologic Simulation Program FORTRAN (HSPF) to quantify potential fecal coliform (FC, an indicator of the potential presence of pathogens) responses to a range of mid-century climate scenarios and assess different BMP scenarios (based on reduction factors) for reducing the risk of water quality impairment in two small agricultural watersheds: the Chippewa watershed in Minnesota, and the Tye watershed in Virginia. In each watershed, simulations show a wide range of FC responses, driven largely by variability in projected future precipitation. Wetter future conditions, which drive more transport from nonpoint sources (e.g., manure application, livestock grazing), show increases in FC loads. Loads typically decrease in drier futures; however, higher mean FC concentrations and more recreational water quality criteria exceedances occur, likely caused by reduced flow during low-flow periods. Median changes across the ensemble generally show increases in FC load. BMPs that focus on key fecal sources (e.g., runoff from pasture, livestock defecation in streams) within a watershed can mitigate the effects of hydroclimatic change on FC loads. However, more extensive BMP implementation or improved BMP efficiency (i.e., higher FC reductions) may be needed to fully offset increases in FC load and meet water quality goals, such as total maximum daily loads and recreational water quality standards. Strategies for managing climate risk should be flexible and to the extent possible include resilient BMPs that function as designed under a range of future conditions. Keywords: Climate, HSPF, Management responses, Microbial water quality, Modeling, Watersheds.

scholarly journals ANALISIS KUALITAS AIR PADA TIGA MATA AIR DI KECAMATAN SUKAWATI, KABUPATEN GIANYAR, BALI

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Ni Gusti Made Yuliari ◽  
Ni Luh Watiniasih ◽  
Ali Hermawati Waskitasari
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Fecal Coliform ◽  
Quality Standards ◽  
Quality Standard ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Fecal Coliform Bacteria ◽  
The People ◽  
The Republic

Utilization of springs as water resources for their daily needs by the people of Sukawati Sub-Distric of Gianyar Regency, Bali is still quite high Human activities, such as increasing domestic, industrial and agricultural activities, have an effect on decreasing water quality. This research was conducted ini December 2019 to January 2020 at Pancoran Kutri springs, Beji Dalem Agung Kemenuh springs and Taman Beji Cengcengan springs. This research aimed to determine water quality based on Bali Governor's Regulation No.16 of 2016 concerning Environmental Quality Standards and Standard Criteria for Enviromental Damage Based on Class (Class I) and Minister of Health Republic of Indonesia Regulation No.492/ Menkes/Per/IV/2010 concerning Prerequisites for Drinking Water Quality. The parameters analyzed were the physical parameters (temperature and TDS), the chemical parameters (pH, DO, BOD, nitrate, phosphate, cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb)) and the biological parameters (fecal coliform bacteria). The results of the research conducted showed that the water quality in the three springs in the study location still met the water quality standards. However, DO parameters at Pancoran Kutri springs, BOD parameters at Taman Beji Cengcengan springs and phosphate in the three springs at the research location are based on regulations, as well as fecal coliform bacteria parameters in the three springs at the research location based on the Regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia No. 492/Menkes/Per/IV/2010 have exceeded the quality standard threshold.

Isolation of Fecal Coliform Bacteria from the Diamondback Terrapin (Malaclemys terrapin centrata)

1999 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 865-867 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerie J. Harwood ◽  
Joseph Butler ◽  
Danny Parrish ◽  
Victoria Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Brackish Water ◽  
Fecal Coliform ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Diamondback Terrapin ◽  
Malaclemys Terrapin ◽  
Fecal Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Diamondback Terrapins

ABSTRACT Total and fecal coliform bacteria were isolated from the cloaca and feces of the estuarine diamondback terrapin. The majority of samples contained fecal coliforms. Escherichia coli was the predominant fecal coliform species isolated, and members of the genusSalmonella were isolated from 2 of 39 terrapins. Fecal coliform numbers are used to regulate shellfish harvests, and diamondback terrapins inhabit the brackish-water habitats where oyster beds are found; therefore, these findings have implications for the efficacy of current regulatory parameters in shellfishing waters.

Experiences With Bacteriological Monitoring of Pool Water

1985 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 413-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald A. Schiemann
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Fecal Coliform ◽  
Surface Film ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Swimming Pools ◽  
Bacteriological Study ◽  
Fecal Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Pool Water ◽  
Health Clubs ◽  
Plate Counts

AbstractA bacteriological study was completed on pools and whirlpools operated by hotels and private health clubs in the metropolitan area of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Coliform bacteria, fecal coliform bacteria, and fecal streptococci were found only when other indices showed a drastic deterioration in water quality. Aerobic plate counts were higher, and staphylococci and Pseudomonas aeruginosa occurred more often in whirlpools than in swimming pools. There was a correlation between aerobic plate counts and the presence of staphylococci and P. aeruginosa. P. aeruginosa was rare in swimming pools in the absence of staphylococci; however, in whirlpools the organism was often found in the absence of staphylococci, and when aerobic plate counts were low. P. aeruginosa and plate counts in excess of 3,000 per ml occurred more frequently in whirlpools when the free chlorine residual was less than one part per million. The surface film showed concentrations of staphylococci far greater than the pool water. Whirlpools appear to present a different ecosystem that favors the establishment of P. aeruginosa. Staphylococci, but not Staphylococcus aureus, are useful in indicators of pool water quality but better laboratory methodology is required. Additional attention should be directed to the bacteriology of the water surface film, which presents a more direct hazard to bathers.

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