O papel do divertimento e das determinantes motivacionais na persistência da prática de exercício físico

Resumo Como objetivo deste trabalho, definiu-se analisar os efeitos indiretos de determinantes motivacionais no divertimento e na persistência em praticantes de exercício físico regular. Participaram ao todo 967 praticantes de exercício em ginásio e health clubs, com idades compreendidas entre 18 e 65 anos (M=45,08; DP=13,76). Todos os participantes tinham mais de 6 meses de experiência regular em exercício físico. Os participantes preencheram ao todo questionários traduzidos e validados para a língua portuguesa no contexto do exercício físico, que examinavam a perceção dos comportamentos interpessoais, as necessidades psicológicas básicas, a regulação da motivação e o divertimento. A persistência foi medida através de registos eletrónicos, considerando um praticante persistente aquele que tivesse uma frequência semanal similar aquela auto-reportada no momento inicial. A maioria das regressões são significativas, confirmado os pressupostos da literatura existente. Os efeitos indiretos mostram que o divertimento desempenha um papel crucial na persistência, tanto por via motivação autónoma, como por via motivação controlada. Em suma, atividades promotoras do prazer que os praticantes de ginásio e health club experienciam durante a prática de exercício físico poderão ser a variável chave na persistência a longo prazo.

Proper Use of Latrine and Handwashing Facilities among Primary School Students. A Case of Peripheral Schools in Temeke District

Background: Each year two million students die from diarrheal diseases, making it the second most serious killer of students under the age of five (WHO, 1998). The use of sanitation facilities is known to interrupt the transmission of faeco oral related disease. This study assessed proper use of latrine and handwashing facilities among primary school students as the potential behavior aspect for transmission of microbes. Methods: A descriptive cross sectional study was conducted involving 307 students and 12 Teachers who are heads of health clubs, making a total of 319 participants. The study was conducted at Mbagala charambe which is found in Temeke Municipal at Mbagala ward in Dar es Salaam region which involved primary schools which were Nzasa, Chemchem, kilamba ,St Mary’s international, Rangi tatu and charambe primary. Observation method, interview and questionnaire methods of data collection were employed. All the data were analyzed by the use of STATA to obtain proportional and percentages whereby they were presented in terms of table, graph and charts. Results: Most of the participants 66% were female and 34 % were male but also almost 51.5% of the schools had soap for hand washing in their latrine. Inhibitors which makes the proper use of latrine being infringe at schools were lack effective water supply as the main inhibitor followed by lack of knowledge and broken of the facilities. No school had fixed HWF. Conclusion: The study shows the need for further improvement of the existing sanitation programs like CLTS and FOLLOW – UP MANDONA to equip with the behavior aspect which will have a potential change on the proper use of latrines and HWF hence will assist most into affecting attitudes hence attain the behavior change maturity. But to have a scaling up U plan for schools which will address various issues such as the crosscutting issue of menstrual hygiene. So it is only the proper use of the latrine which will make student abstain from diarrheagenic or ill health cycle

SCHOOL HYGIENE PROMOTION APPROACHES AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON PUPIL’S HYGIENE PRACTICES IN PUBLIC PRIMARY SCHOOLS IN DAGORETTI, NAIROBI CITY COUNTY, KENYA

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine hygiene promotion approaches that were being employed by public primary schools in Dagoretti North and South Sub Counties in Nairobi City County and whether the approaches influenced hygiene behaviors that were practiced by pupils. Methodology: The study applied a descriptive cross-sectional design. Questionnaires were administered to 384 pupils with the aim of collecting data on hygiene knowledge and practices. A questionnaire was also used to collect data on hygiene promotion approaches from 32 school health teachers. Pupils’ demographic data was collected from school head teachers. Five key informant interviews were conducted with Nairobi City County public health and education officers and a staff from a non-governmental organization that was implementing school hygiene activities in Dagoretti South and North Sub Counties. Observation checklists were used to triangulate information on hygiene practices by pupils. Analysis was done using SPSS software. Findings: Results indicate that 95.6% of the pupils practiced hand washing at critical times, 98.7% used the toilet while 85.4% safely disposed solid waste. The study reveals that water, sanitation and hygiene in schools approach is implemented by 31.3% of the school health teachers. There was a significant relationship between school health clubs approach and hand washing at critical times (p=0.04) and proper solid waste disposal (p=0.02). One way analysis of variance established that there is a significant difference among hygiene promotion approaches and pupils hygiene knowledge, F(5, 162) = 6.41, p <.05 ƞ²p = 0.076. Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study establishes that different hygiene promotion approaches have the potential to influence hygiene practices and in particular, hand washing at critical times and proper solid waste disposal amongst pupils. The study recommends the use of school health clubs approach for hygiene promotion at public primary schools

Did You Enjoy It? The Role of Intensity-Trait Preference/Tolerance in Basic Psychological Needs and Exercise Enjoyment

Promoting exercise regimens that aim at enhancing the quality of individuals’ subjective exercise experience can be challenging. Given the recent theoretical contributions regarding the possible interaction of exercise intensity-traits and several motivational variables, as well as their potential value for exercise adherence, the objective of this study was to examine the mediation role of basic psychological needs in the relationship between preference for and tolerance of exercise intensity and enjoyment. This cross-sectional study comprised a total of 160 exercisers (Mage = 34.12, SD = 9.23, 73 males) enrolled in several health clubs. All analyses were performed using SPSS v. 23.0/PROCESS v. 3.4. The results indicate that intensity-traits presented positive associations with enjoyment, and negative associations with all of needs frustration variables. A mediation role of needs frustration emerged in the intensity-traits and enjoyment associations that was analyzed according to relatable theoretical considerations.

The Pandemic of the E-Human Movement

The movement's evolution and change have strikingly shut down gyms, health clubs, fitness classes, live, personal training jobs, and more during the pandemic. The massive shift has opened up live streaming and online classes; however, we may be soon facing a new body and mind pandemic if we are not aware of the side effects. The longer we are away from socializing and being trained with technique and form, the human body will later experience a separation between body, mind, and soul with dormant emotions and feelings. . In fact, the mind and memory may start to decrease, and focus and discipline will fade. Through the Holistic methodology, we can re-ignite the human being and preserve the humans to continue moving, healing, breathing in a language that the body understands.

The Doctor Will See You After Your Workout

Novel approaches to deliver lifestyle medicine that are convenient and accessible to patients are needed. Patients generally seek medical care when they are not well, reinforcing the notion of a “sick” care health system. Conversely, health clubs represent beacons of wellness amid the mire of chronic disease. Many individuals visit health clubs with the goal of becoming or remaining healthy. Expanding health care access to these health club populations creates opportunities to engage those who do not typically seek medical care, and may also attract those who are highly motivated to make lifestyle changes to prevent, treat, and reverse chronic disease. Health club clinics could be expanded with in-person or virtual offerings that go beyond traditional models. Such offerings would stand to improve health and be mutually beneficial for the provider and health club. By decreasing the barrier to access such care and meeting highly motivated patients where they are, providers may be more successful in their efforts to deliver lifestyle medicine to patients who are ready, willing, and able to make lifestyle behaviors changes.

Análise comportamental da prática de exercício físico em adultos em contexto de ginásio ao longo de dois anos

El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar el comportamiento de los practicantes de ejercicio físico durante dos años, considerando su frecuencia como un predictor de la frecuencia futura. Participaron en este estudio 4788 nuevos practicantes de ejercicio físico (mujeres = 2556) con edades comprendidas entre 18 y 75 años. El acceso a gimnasios y health clubs se recopiló utilizando los sistemas electrónicos. Los datos se analizaron utilizando un modelo de ecuación estructural y un modelo de mediación. En cuanto a la tasa de abandono y posterior exclusión del análisis: 39% abandonó la práctica de ejercicio físico entre los primeros seis meses (T1) y los siguientes seis meses (T2); 25% abandonó la práctica entre T2 y seis meses después de un año de práctica regular (T3); y 10% abandonó entre T3 y seis meses después de un año y medio de práctica regular (T4). Según los resultados del modelo de ecuaciones estructurales, se encontraron varios efectos directos e indirectos significativos, lo que sugiere que T2 y T3 pueden ser mediadores entre T1 y T4. Según los resultados del modelo de mediación, es posible observar que el efecto directo no es significativo. Los resultados muestran la existencia de una mediación total entre el período T1 → T4, ya que el efecto indirecto total es significativo y superior al efecto directo. Las personas que practican ejercicio físico al menos dos veces por semana sin interrupción fueron las que tenían más probabilidades de permanecer en la práctica después de dos años de monitorear su comportamiento. This study aimed to examine the behavior of exercisers across two years, considering their exercise frequency as a predictor of future frequency. In total, 4788 new gym exercisers (female = 2556) aged between 18 and 75 years were enrolled for analysis. Adherence. Computerized records at the gyms and health clubs were used to measure exercise adherence. The collected data was analyzed using structural equation modelling and mediation model specifications. Regarding the dropout rate and later exclusion from the analysis: 39% dropped out within the first six months (T1) and the following six months (T2); 25% withdraw the practice between T2 and six months after one year of regular practice (T3); and 10% dropped out between T3 and six months after a year and a half of regular practice (T4). According to the results of the structural equation model, several significant direct and indirect effects were found, thus suggesting that T2 and T3 may play a mediation role between T1 and T4. Looking at the results from the mediation model, it is possible to observe that the direct effect was not significant. The results show the existence of total mediation between the period T1 → T4, since the total indirect effect is significant and greater than the direct effect. Individuals who practice physical exercise at least twice a week without interruption were those who were more likely to remain in practice after two years of monitoring their behavior. Lo scopo di questo studio era di analizzare il comportamento dei professionisti dell'esercizio fisico per due anni, considerando la loro frequenza come un fattore predittivo della frequenza futura. In questo studio hanno partecipato 4788 nuove praticanti di esercizio fisico (femmina = 2556) di età compresa tra 18 e 75 anni. L'accesso alle palestre e ai centri benessere è stato raccolto utilizzando i sistemi elettronici delle palestre. I dati sono stati analizzati utilizzando un modello di equazione strutturale e un modello di mediazione. Per quanto riguarda il tasso di abbandono e la successiva esclusione dall'analisi: 39% ha abbandonato la pratica dell'esercizio fisico tra i primi sei mesi (T1) e i successivi sei mesi (T2); 25% ha rinunciato alla pratica tra T2 e sei mesi dopo un anno di pratica regolare (T3); e 10% ha abbandonato tra T3 e sei mesi dopo un anno e mezzo di pratica regolare (T4). Secondo i risultati del modello di equazione strutturale, sono stati trovati diversi effetti diretti e indiretti significativi, suggerendo così che T2 e T3 possono essere mediatori tra T1 e T4. Secondo i risultati del modello di mediazione, è possibile osservare che l'effetto diretto non è significativo. I risultati mostrano l'esistenza della mediazione totale tra il periodo T1 → T4, poiché l'effetto indiretto totale è significativo e superiore all'effetto diretto. Le persone che praticano esercizio fisico almeno due volte alla settimana senza interruzione erano quelle che avevano maggiori probabilità di rimanere in pratica dopo due anni di monitoraggio del loro comportamento. O objetivo deste estudo consistiu em analisar o comportamento dos praticantes de exercício físico ao longo de dois anos, considerando a sua frequência como preditor da frequência futura. Participaram neste estudo 4788 novos praticantes de exercício físico (feminino = 2556) com idades compreendidas entre os 18 e 75 anos. Foi recolhida os acessos aos ginásios e health clubs com recurso aos sistemas eletrónicos dos ginásios. Os dados foram analisados com o recurso a um modelo de equações estruturais e um modelo de mediação. Relativamente à taxa de abandono e posteriormente exclusão da análise: 39% abandonaram a prática de exercício físico entre os primeiros seis meses (T1) e os seis meses seguintes (T2); 25% desistiu da prática entre T2 e os seis meses após um ano de prática regular (T3); e 10% abandonaram entre T3 e os seis meses após um ano e meio de prática regular (T4). De acordo com os resultados do modelo de equações estruturais, foram encontrados diversos efeitos diretos e indiretos significativos, sugerindo assim que T2 e T3 poderão ser mediadores entre o T1 e T4. De acordo com os resultados do modelo de mediação é possível observar que o efeito direto não é significativo. Os resultados mostram a existência de mediação total entre o período T1 → T4, dado o efeito indireto total ser significativo e superior ao efeito direto. Os indivíduos que praticam exercício físico pelo menos duas vezes por semana sem interrupção foram aqueles que demonstraram maior probabilidades em se manterem na prática após os dois anos de acompanhamento do comportamento.

High School Physical Education and its Effect on Fitness Facility Participation After Graduation: A Case Study

For those that send off their child into the world, it is hoped they will recall what was taught to them. This applies to high school (HS) physical education (PE) teachers and their students that graduate from HS. The purpose of this case study was to assess current HS PE effect in fitness facility participation by interviewing HS PE teachers, fitness facility personnel, current fitness facility participants and current HS students. Participants from these four groups were interviewed to help better understand the preparation of graduated HS students participating in a fitness facility. From this case study three of the four groups felt they had and were being prepared to be successful in health clubs and those activities that are found in health clubs. This study sheds light on the fact that HS PE is the last opportunity of a student to be involved in an organized class that has real world application.

Importância atribuída no fitness segundo o rendimento líquido mensal dos praticantes (The importance given in fitness according to the participants income)

A participação em health clubs e academias de fitness tem ganho prevalência nos índices de prática desportiva em Portugal ao longo dos últimos anos, e os proprietários dos ginásios e health clubs competem, para atrair para as suas instalações, cada vez mais clientes. O conhecimento acerca do que os clientes esperam do serviço desempenha um papel-chave na adequação do serviço prestado em função do público-alvo. O objetivo deste estudo é caracterizar e comparar a importância atribuída à qualidade dos instrutores, qualidade dos serviços e motivos para a prática, segundo o rendimento líquido mensal. Participaram no estudo 560 praticantes de atividades de fitness, divididos em 7 grupos. Foi utilizado o questionário “Importância Atribuída no Fitness - Motivos de Prática, Qualidade do Serviço e Qualidade do Instrutor”. Em termos gerais, os resultados mostram que os praticantes com maior rendimento apresentam valores mais altos de importância atribuída, nas três dimensões do questionário, particularmente nos Motivos de Prática. “Para melhorar a minha saúde em termos gerais” é mais importante para os clientes com rendimento superior (F = 2.440; p = 0.025; η2 = 0.027), como “para relaxar em termos mentais” (F = 3.815; p = 0.001; η2 = 0.042). Na dimensão Qualidade do Instrutor, “empatia” é mais relevante para clientes com maior rendimento (F = 2.196; p = 0.042; η2 = 0.024). Os proprietários de ginásios e health clubs podem utilizar estes resultados para adaptar o serviço às necessidades e expectativas dos clientes. Abstract: Participation in health clubs and fitness centres have gained prevalence in the overall Portuguese sport participation ratios over the past years, and gym and health club owners compete to attract even more clients to their facilities. Knowledge about what clients expect from fitness services plays a key role in adjusting fitness services to their target population. The aim of this study is to characterise and compare the importance given to the quality of instructors, the quality of services and reasons for practice of fitness clients, according to income. 560 fitness clients participated in this study, divided in 7 income groups. The questionnaire “Importance given in Fitness - Reasons for Practice, Service Quality and Quality of Instructors” was used. Overall results show that clients with higher income show higher values in all three dimensions of the questionnaire, particularly in Reasons for Practice. “To stay or improve health or wellbeing” is regarded as more important for higher income clients (F = 2.440; p = 0.025; η2 = 0.027), as it is “to mentally relax” (F = 3.815; p = 0.001; η2 = 0.042). In the dimension Instructor Quality, “empathy” is more relevant for higher income clients (F = 2.196; p = 0.042; η2 = 0.024). Gym and health club owners may use these results to adapt their services to the clients’ needs and expectations.