scholarly journals Uveal Melanoma Biopsy. A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (6) ◽  
pp. 247-252
Author(s):  
Štěpán Rusňák ◽  
Lenka Hecová ◽  
Zdeněk Kasl ◽  
Markéta Sobotová ◽  
Lukáš Hauer
Keyword(s):  
Uveal Melanoma ◽  
Tissue Sample ◽  
Anterior Segment ◽  
Punch Biopsy ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Surgical Biopsy ◽  
Diagnostic Uncertainty ◽  
Intraocular Tumors ◽  
Tumor Dissemination ◽  
Biopsy Punch

In intraocular tumors, diagnosis is usually based on clinical examination and imaging without the need for invasive surgery or tissue sampling. The diagnosis can be confirmed by biopsy, however, in the case of intraocular malignancy, the biopsy is considered controversial. Due to the development of uveal melanoma cytogenetic prognostics and the progression in generalised uveal melanoma treatment, intraocular melanoma biopsy is becoming increasingly important. Diagnostic biopsy of intraocular tumors is indicated in cases of diagnostic uncertainty for findings with conflicting non-invasive test results and for small melanocyte lesions. Tumor prognostic biopsy is performed to obtain a tissue sample for tumor cytogenetic testing, which can help to determine the prognosis and specific metastatic risk of the patient. For anterior segment tumors, anterior chamber fluid sampling, thin-needle iris biopsy, punch biopsy, surgical biopsy or biopsy using vitrectomy may be used. For posterior segment tumors, procedures include transscleral or transretinal thin-needle biopsy, vitrectomy-assisted biopsy, punch biopsy, endoresection or transscleral exoresection. Complications of intraocular melanoma biopsy include too small or non-valuable sample collection, intra-tumoral heterogeneity, intra-ocular trauma and induction of intraocular or extraocular tumor dissemination.

scholarly journals Ageratina adenophora Inhibits Spleen Immune Function in Rats via the Loss of the FRC Network and Th1–Th2 Cell Ratio Elevation

Toxins ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 309
Author(s):  
Zhihua Ren ◽  
Pei Gao ◽  
Samuel Kumi Okyere ◽  
Yujing Cui ◽  
Juan Wen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Expression ◽  
Immune Function ◽  
Tissue Sample ◽  
Th2 Cells ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Functional Protein ◽  
Th2 Cell ◽  
Ageratina Adenophora ◽  
Mrna And Protein Expression ◽  
The Impact

The objective of this study was to determine the impact of Ageratina adenophora (A. adenophora) on splenic immune function in a rat model. Rats were fed with 10 g/100 g normal feed and an experimental feed, which was composed of 3:7 A. adenophora powder and normal feed for 60 days. On days 14, 28, and 60, subsets of rats (n = 8 rats/group/time point) were selected for blood and spleen tissue sample collection. The results showed that the proportion of CD3+ T cells in the spleen was decreased at day 60 (vs. control). Also, mRNA and protein expression of chemokines CCL21 and CCL19 and functional protein gp38 in spleen decreased significantly versus the control at day 60. In addition, ER-TR7 antigen protein expression was also decreased at day 60. Levels of T-helper (Th)1 cells significantly increased, whereas those of Th2 cells decreased significantly versus the control at day 60 in spleen. The finding revealed that A. adenophora could affect splenic immune function in rats by altering the fibroblast reticulocyte (FRC) network, as well as by causing an imbalance in Th1/Th2 cell ratios. This research provides new insights into potential mechanisms of spleen immunotoxicity due to exposures to A. Adenophora.

scholarly journals Uveal Melanoma and Secondary Angle-Closure Crisis: A Case Report and Literature Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 476-480
Author(s):  
Tung Thanh Hoang ◽  
Tuan Anh Hoang ◽  
Peter McCluskey ◽  
John Grigg
Keyword(s):  
Retinal Detachment ◽  
Uveal Melanoma ◽  
Vision Loss ◽  
Serous Retinal Detachment ◽  
Anterior Segment ◽  
Angle Closure ◽  
Large Tumor ◽  
Tumor Mass ◽  
Healthy Female ◽  
Life Threatening

A 66-years-old Vietnamese healthy female patient presented with prolonged severe right ocular pain and complete vision loss in that eye. Anterior segment assessment including gonioscopy identified angle-closure configuration. A suspected ciliary body melanoma was seen through the pupil. Posterior segment examination revealed a large tumor mass and 360° retinal detachment (kissing configuration). An ultrasound examination was consistent with a uveal tumor. The painful, blind right eye with a tumor mass was enucleated. Histopathology confirmed a type A uveal spindle cell melanoma associated with total serous retinal detachment without evidence of tumor necrosis, epithelioid cells, scleral, or optic nerve infiltration. There was no evidence of metastasis after 1-year of follow-up. It is critically important to differentiate primary and secondary angle closure, especially in cases with life-threatening ocular malignancy as uveal melanoma.

scholarly journals Soluble c-Met Is a Reliable and Sensitive Marker to Detect c-Met Expression Level in Lung Cancer

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huilai Lv ◽  
Baoen Shan ◽  
Ziqiang Tian ◽  
Yong Li ◽  
Yuefeng Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Tissue Sample ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Lung Cancers ◽  
Lung Cancer Patients ◽  
Lung Cancer Therapy ◽  
Reliable Marker ◽  
Soluble C ◽  
Sensitive Marker

c-Met has been demonstrated as an attractive target in lung cancer therapy. Current studies showed that detection of c-Met status in tumor is critical in Met-targeted therapy. However not all patients are suitable for tissue sample collection. It is important to discover novel surrogate markers to detect c-Met status. In the study, soluble c-Met (s-Met) in plasma from 146 Chinese lung cancer patients and 40 disease-free volunteers was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent. In parallel, expression of c-Met in those tumors was also assessed by immunohistochemistry. Results showed that, in 146 lung cancer patients, 93 were c-Met expression positive and 74 of 93 were overexpressed. In c-Met-overexpressed patients, plasma s-Met was significantly increased. And further studies showed that plasma s-Met linearly correlated with c-Met expression in tumor. After tumor was removed in Met-overexpressed patients via resection, plasma s-Met significantly decreased to basal level. In addition, plasma s-Met showed to be poorly correlated with tumor size in Met-overexpressed patients. These results demonstrated that plasma s-Met is a sensitive and reliable marker to detect c-Met overexpression in lung cancers, and it is independent of tumor volume.

Prophylactic Use of Bevacizumab to Avoid Anterior Segment Neovascularization Following Proton Therapy for Uveal Melanoma

2014 ◽  
Vol 158 (4) ◽  
pp. 693-701.e2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irmela Mantel ◽  
Ann Schalenbourg ◽  
Ciara Bergin ◽  
Aleksandra Petrovic ◽  
Damien C. Weber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Uveal Melanoma ◽  
Proton Therapy ◽  
Anterior Segment ◽  
Prophylactic Use

scholarly journals Post-Mortem Brain Donations vs Pre-Mortem Surgical Resections for Glioblastoma Research: Viewing the Matter as a Whole

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cassandra P Griffin ◽  
Christine L Paul ◽  
Kimberley L Alexander ◽  
Marjorie M Walker ◽  
Hubert Hondermarck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Resistance ◽  
Biological Research ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Surgical Biopsy ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Post Mortem Brain ◽  
Stage Disease ◽  
End Stage

Abstract There have been limited improvements in diagnosis, treatment and outcomes of primary brain cancers, including glioblastoma, over the past 10 years. This is largely attributable to persistent deficits in understanding brain tumour biology and pathogenesis due to a lack of high-quality biological research specimens. Traditional, pre-mortem, surgical biopsy samples do not allow full characterisation of the spatial and temporal heterogeneity of glioblastoma, nor capture end-stage disease to allow full evaluation of the evolutionary and mutational processes that lead to treatment resistance and recurrence. Furthermore, the necessity of ensuring sufficient viable tissue is available for histopathological diagnosis, while minimising surgically induced functional deficit, leaves minimal tissue for research purposes and results in formalin fixation of most surgical specimens. Post-mortem brain donation programs are rapidly gaining support due to their unique ability to address the limitations associated with surgical tissue sampling. Collecting, processing, and preserving tissue samples intended solely for research provides both a spatial and temporal view of tumour heterogeneity as well as the opportunity to fully characterise end-stage disease from histological and molecular standpoints. This review explores the limitations of traditional sample collection and the opportunities afforded by post-mortem brain donations for future neurobiological cancer research.

scholarly journals Uveal Melanoma Biopsy: A Review

Cancers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1075 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luisa Frizziero ◽  
Edoardo Midena ◽  
Sara Trainiti ◽  
Davide Londei ◽  
Laura Bonaldi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Uveal Melanoma ◽  
Tissue Sample ◽  
Current Model ◽  
Local Treatment ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Tumor Diagnosis ◽  
Tumor Biopsy ◽  
Additional Imaging ◽  
Metastatic Risk ◽  
Sampling Procedures

Intraocular tumor diagnosis is based on clinical findings supported by additional imaging tools, such as ultrasound, optical coherence tomography and angiographic techniques, usually without the need for invasive procedures or tissue sampling. Despite improvements in the local treatment of uveal melanoma (UM), the prevention and treatment of the metastatic disease remain unsolved, and nearly 50% of patients develop liver metastasis. The current model suggests that tumor cells have already spread by the time of diagnosis, remaining dormant until there are favorable conditions. Tumor sampling procedures at the time of primary tumor diagnosis/treatment are therefore now commonly performed, usually not to confirm the diagnosis of UM, but to obtain a tissue sample for prognostication, to assess patient’s specific metastatic risk. Moreover, several studies are ongoing to identify genes specific to UM tumorigenesis, leading to several potential targeted therapeutic strategies. Genetic information can also influence the surveillance timing and metastatic screening type of patients affected by UM. In spite of the widespread use of biopsies in general surgical practice, in ophthalmic oncology the indications and contraindications for tumor biopsy continue to be under debate. The purpose of this review paper is to critically evaluate the role of uveal melanoma biopsy in ophthalmic oncology.

THE LIVER IN JUVENILE WILSON'S DISEASE

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1962 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 402-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mervin Silverberg ◽  
Sydney S. Gellis
Keyword(s):  
Wilson’S Disease ◽  
Punch Biopsy ◽  
Wilson's Disease ◽  
Careful Examination ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Surgical Biopsy ◽  
Rubeanic Acid ◽  
Reliable Methods ◽  
Determination Of Copper

Twelve cases of juvenile Wilson's disease are reviewed. Eight presented with hepatic manifestations, and six of these showed a predominance of liver symptomatology throughout their entire illness. It appears that this type of onset is not uncommon when the disease begins in the pre-adolescent period. In childhood, chronic liver disease of unknown etiology should always be screened for Wilson's disease. Careful examination for Kayser-Fleischer rings should repeatedly be made. The finding of cupruria, aminoaciduria without glycosuria or albuminuria, and decreased blood uric acid levels are strongly suggestive of Wilson's disease. Punch biopsy of the liver with visualization of copper by means of an improved modification of the histo-chemical rubeanic acid method or Howell's newer histo-chemical method, or determination of copper content as well as histochemical analysis of liver obtained by surgical biopsy appear to be the only reliable methods at present for proof of diagnosis. [See Table III in Source Pdf.]

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document