Abstract
Background
Patients aged 65 and above are the fastest growing patient population in Europe. This is one of greatest challenges for almost all health services providers, including acute hospitals and their Emergency Departments (ED). As of today, older patients represent up to 30% of all ED patients, it is estimated. However, it is largely unclear to what degree EDs are currently prepared for older patients and how they need to adjust. This study analyses the present situation from the perspective of health care professionals caring for older ED patients.
Methods
The study was embedded in a mixed methods design using qualitative expert interviews. N = 25 semi-structured, guided interviews were conducted with professional health care providers from 7 Berlin EDs (physicians, nurses), and adjacent health care sectors such as nursing homes, rehabilitation clinics, and medical practices. Interviewees were asked about their daily experiences with older ED patients and their ideas of health care deficits and potentials. Data was analyzed using content analysis and hermeneutics.
Results
Health care providers assess the ED care situation for older patients and the necessity of adjustments in different ways but mostly as deficient. EDs are described as not elderly-friendly and partly as hazardous: older patients are at risk of adverse events such as developing a delirium. Risk factors are prolonged length of stay, the busy and noisy ED setting, and falls hazards. In general, ED staffing is not adequate to care for older patients with complex needs.
Conclusions
Considering demographic change, German Eds need to concentrate on the growing number of oder patients and their specific needs. Further research and development of specific care concepts for older ED patients is strongly needed. Potential adjustments of ED structures and care concepts also need to involve patients’ experiences and subjective needs. However, data on the patient perspective is still missing.
Key messages
Older patients and demographic change represent great challenges for EDs. Care concepts need to be developed to meet older patients needs and to avoid risks of adverse events.