(Un)Becoming the Offender: Marginality in Punishment Processes, “Offender” as Permanent Identity

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 144-167
Author(s):  
Nyki Kish

This article chronicles the invisible crisis of the Canadian criminal justice system’s reliance upon critically marginalized populations upon critically marginalized populations in the composition of who is punished, and who is deemed punishable. Drawing on auto-ethnography, intersectionality, discourse analysis, and case studies, this article makes visible the filters, from suspicion to parole, which, from suspicion to parole, which move people with more privilege away from an increasingly permanent offender identity and move people with more marginality toward it. These filters are termed “intersectional filtering points”: their disparate impact emphasized to illustrate how disadvantaged people become offenders. Fundamental neoliberal logics contribute to the crisis persisting invisibly: marginalized people who become offenders are, therefore, seen as archetypal risk groups whose characters require regulating, undermining the widely held notion of a criminal justice system which impartially responds to illegal acts.

SEEU Review ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-130
Author(s):  
Olga Kosevaliska

Abstract The right to a fair trial is implemented in our criminal procedure and is one of the core values of our criminal justice system. This right is absolute and can’t be limited on any legal base. Its essence is fair and public hearing by an independent and impartial court with guaranteeing of all the minimum rights of the defendant. One of those minimum rights is the right of equity of arms between the parties, the prosecutor and the defense. In our Law on Criminal Procedure, it is provided that the defense has the same rights and duties as the prosecutor except those rights that belong to the prosecutor as a state authority. Therefore, the purpose of this article is elaborating the right of ‘equity of arms’ and its misunderstanding in practice. Hence, we intend to show some case studies in which some evidence are not considered by the court just because they are not proposed by the prosecutor and they are crucial for the verdict.


Author(s):  
Сергей Андреевич Сивцов

В статье рассматриваются коррупционные проявления в уголовно-исполнительной системе России с криминологической точки зрения, проведен анализ причин и условий совершения коррупционных преступлений и меры профилактики. Приводятся мнения ученых-юристов о понятии коррупции, которое рассматривается как в узком, так и в широком смысле слова. Автором утверждается, что коррупция в большей мере выступает как социальное и криминологическое, чем правовое явление, поэтому рассматривать ее в рамках конкретных совершенных преступлений неверно, необходимо анализировать совокупность противоправных деяний с учетом их особенностей, а также причины и условия их совершения. Автор отмечает, что пенитенциарная преступность делится на две категории: на общеуголовную преступность (преступления, совершаемые осужденными) и иную преступность, основной составляющей которой выступает коррупционная преступность в учреждениях и органах УИС. На основе изучения криминологических научных источников автор предлагает классифицировать факторы совершения коррупционных преступлений сотрудниками УИС: факторы, присущие всем коррупционным преступлениям; и факторы, присущие пенитенциарной коррупции. В представленной статье автором указывается на недостаточность антикоррупционных механизмов. Комплекс предпринимаемых мер противодействия коррупции необходимо совершенствовать и расширять. The article examines corruption manifestations in the Russian Penal System from a criminological point of view, analyzes the causes and conditions of corruption crimes and preventive measures. The opinions of legal scholars on the concept of corruption, the content of the concept of corruption are given, it is considered both in the narrow and in the broad sense of the word. The author argues that Corruption acts more as a social and criminological phenomenon than a legal one, therefore it is not correct to consider it within the framework of specific crimes committed, it is necessary to analyze the totality of illegal acts taking into account their characteristics, as well as the causes and conditions of their commission. The author notes that penitentiary crime is divided into two categories: crimes committed by convicts (ordinary crime) and other crime, the main component of which is corruption crime in institutions and bodies of the criminal justice system. Based on the study of criminological scientific sources, the author proposes to classify the factors of corruption crimes committed by the employees of the Criminal Investigation Department: factors inherent in all corruption crimes; and factors inherent in penitentiary corruption. In the presented article, the author points out the insufficiency of anti-corruption mechanisms. The range of anti-corruption measures taken needs to be improved and expanded.


2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-261
Author(s):  
Vibha Hetu

The article has focused on six case studies. It analysed different scenarios in known offender rape cases, how the situation unfolded and led to serious consequences. The criminal justice system reacted to polarizing the offenders and victims, and thereby, creating greater dissension. The parents were deeply hurt by their daughters’ decision to form a relationship with a boy without informing them thus showing distrust in them. The fear of being ostracized by society and their norms persuaded them to take strict action against the boy in order to protect their honour. To reclaim their honour, they even got their daughter married to the rapist in one such case. Whether the daughter agreed or not is out of the question. Are these matters of being unfaithful to parents and/or hurt caused by their secret association with their boyfriend, or just a ‘false’ honour to be protected by subduing their daughter and also using the law to fulfil their ulterior motives; are questions to be delved into finding a solution to such common phenomenon.


Author(s):  
Nigel E. Turner ◽  
Steve McAvoy ◽  
Peter Ferentzy ◽  
Flora I. Matheson ◽  
Chris Myers ◽  
...  

The prevalence rates of problem gambling in the adult correctional population are 5 to 10 times higher than those found in the general population. Yet little has been published about dealing with problem gamblers in correctional settings. We conducted a literature review and interviewed 16 key informants who provide services to clients experiencing problem gambling and/or who have worked in the criminal justice system. Our objective was to gain greater understanding of programming for problem gambling for clients who are involved in the criminal justice system, with a particular focus on Ontario. The published literature on this topic is remarkably sparse. In fact, only two peer-reviewed published studies were identified that formally evaluated a treatment program for problem gambling for clients in these settings. However, we uncovered a small number of programs (10) that had been developed for, and delivered to, this population, including a gambling treatment court in Buffalo, Gamblers Anonymous, outpatient treatment during probation or parole, brief psychoeducational programs, brief therapy, a full intense treatment program, and inpatient treatment after release. We present a series of short case studies of these programs. Although some programs have been delivered within correctional institutions, others have been offered either after release or prior to sentencing. A major issue is the lack of awareness of problem gambling in the criminal justice system among judges, lawyers, wardens, corrections workers, and parole officers. The results are discussed in terms of issues and opportunities for programming for problem gamblers in the criminal justice system.Chez la population carcérale adulte, les taux de prévalence du jeu compulsif sont de cinq à dix fois plus élevés que dans l’ensemble de la population. Pourtant, peu de choses ont été publiées sur les joueurs pathologiques en milieu correctionnel. Nous avons effectué une revue de la littérature et avons interviewé 16 informateurs clés qui fournissent des services aux clients ayant un problème de jeu ou qui ont travaillé dans le système de justice pénale. Notre objectif consistait à mieux comprendre les programmes pour traiter le jeu compulsif destinés aux clients qui ont eu des démêlés avec la justice, avec un intérêt particulier pour l’Ontario. Étonnamment, il existe très peu de publications sur ce sujet. En effet, nous n’avons trouvé que deux comptes rendus d’étude publiés et validés par un comité de lecture qui ont évalué en bonne et due forme un programme de traitement pour le jeu pathologique destiné aux clients de ce milieu. Toutefois, nous avons découvert un petit nombre de programmes (10) qui ont été élaborés à l’intention de cette population, et qui lui ont été offerts, notamment un programme judiciaire de traitement du jeu pathologique à Buffalo, le groupe d’aide Joueurs Anonymes, un traitement ambulatoire durant la probation ou la libération conditionnelle, des programmes psychopédagogiques de courte durée, une thérapie brève, un programme complet de traitement intensif et un traitement en établissement après la libération. Nous présentons une série de courtes études de cas de ces programmes. Bien que certains de ces programmes aient été offerts dans des établissements correctionnels, d’autres ont été proposés après la libération ou avant la condamnation. Le principal problème réside dans le fait que les juges, les avocats, les directeurs, les intervenants correctionnels et les agents de libération conditionnelle connaissent mal le jeu pathologique dans le cadre du système de justice pénale. Les résultats sont analysés en fonction des difficultés et des avantages des programmes destinés aux joueurs pathologiques qui ont eu des démêlés avec la justice.


2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Yáñez

AbstractThis paper details the punitive responses that Spain’s legal system has established for attacks on archaeological goods through the use of metal detectors. These responses to illegal acts are not the same across the board; sometimes they stem from the criminal justice system (in the most serious cases) and sometimes from the Public Authorities. Below, I have analysed these responses and their scope in an aim to provide a broad view of the different instruments related to the fight against archaeological looting.


1973 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 332-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence A. Bennett

Several problems in correction can be managed either more effectinely or more efficiently by changing the system than by attempting to change the individuals being processed through the system. The evidence of the relative ineffectiveness of traditional correctional treatment programing is reviewed. An alternative approach, involving changing decisions based upon information feedback concerning decision outcomes, is illustrated by several case studies, including the California Probation Subsidy Program, the California Adult Authority Resolution 284, and the Cali fornia Department of Corrections' Parole Work Unit Program. The possibility of extending this approach to other areas of the criminal justice system is discussed. It is concluded that this alternative method of dealing with correctional problems can have an important influence, permitting the reallocation of exist ing resources to other persistent concerns.


Author(s):  
Nigel E. Turner ◽  
Steve McAvoy ◽  
Peter Ferentzy ◽  
Flora I. Matheson ◽  
Chris Myers ◽  
...  

The prevalence rates of problem gambling in the adult correctional population are 5 to 10 times higher than those found in the general population. Yet little has been published about dealing with problem gamblers in correctional settings. We conducted a literature review and interviewed 16 key informants who provide services to clients experiencing problem gambling and/or who have worked in the criminal justice system. Our objective was to gain greater understanding of programming for problem gambling for clients who are involved in the criminal justice system, with a particular focus on Ontario. The published literature on this topic is remarkably sparse. In fact, only two peer-reviewed published studies were identified that formally evaluated a treatment program for problem gambling for clients in these settings. However, we uncovered a small number of programs (10) that had been developed for, and delivered to, this population, including a gambling treatment court in Buffalo, Gamblers Anonymous, outpatient treatment during probation or parole, brief psychoeducational programs, brief therapy, a full intense treatment program, and inpatient treatment after release. We present a series of short case studies of these programs. Although some programs have been delivered within correctional institutions, others have been offered either after release or prior to sentencing. A major issue is the lack of awareness of problem gambling in the criminal justice system among judges, lawyers, wardens, corrections workers, and parole officers. The results are discussed in terms of issues and opportunities for programming for problem gamblers in the criminal justice system.Chez la population carcérale adulte, les taux de prévalence du jeu compulsif sont de cinq à dix fois plus élevés que dans l’ensemble de la population. Pourtant, peu de choses ont été publiées sur les joueurs pathologiques en milieu correctionnel. Nous avons effectué une revue de la littérature et avons interviewé 16 informateurs clés qui fournissent des services aux clients ayant un problème de jeu ou qui ont travaillé dans le système de justice pénale. Notre objectif consistait à mieux comprendre les programmes pour traiter le jeu compulsif destinés aux clients qui ont eu des démêlés avec la justice, avec un intérêt particulier pour l’Ontario. Étonnamment, il existe très peu de publications sur ce sujet. En effet, nous n’avons trouvé que deux comptes rendus d’étude publiés et validés par un comité de lecture qui ont évalué en bonne et due forme un programme de traitement pour le jeu pathologique destiné aux clients de ce milieu. Toutefois, nous avons découvert un petit nombre de programmes (10) qui ont été élaborés à l’intention de cette population, et qui lui ont été offerts, notamment un programme judiciaire de traitement du jeu pathologique à Buffalo, le groupe d’aide Joueurs Anonymes, un traitement ambulatoire durant la probation ou la libération conditionnelle, des programmes psychopédagogiques de courte durée, une thérapie brève, un programme complet de traitement intensif et un traitement en établissement après la libération. Nous présentons une série de courtes études de cas de ces programmes. Bien que certains de ces programmes aient été offerts dans des établissements correctionnels, d’autres ont été proposés après la libération ou avant la condamnation. Le principal problème réside dans le fait que les juges, les avocats, les directeurs, les intervenants correctionnels et les agents de libération conditionnelle connaissent mal le jeu pathologique dans le cadre du système de justice pénale. Les résultats sont analysés en fonction des difficultés et des avantages des programmes destinés aux joueurs pathologiques qui ont eu des démêlés avec la justice.


2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 253
Author(s):  
Muhaimin Muhaimin

Children are not to be punished but to be given guidance and development, so that they grow and develop as completely normal, healthy and intelligent children. Sometimes children experience situations that make them commit illegal acts. Even so, children who break the law are not worthy of punishment, let alone put in prison. Law Number 11 Year 2012 concerning Juvenile Criminal Justice System demands a reorientation of the purpose of punishment which has an impact on the operation of the Juvenile Criminal Justice System. The formulation of the objectives of restorative justice and diversion mechanisms which are recognized as mechanisms for handling crimes committed by children demands that the performance of the criminal justice sub-system change its orientation. The problem of this research was how the construction and reconstruction of the giving of diversion are. This research used descriptive analysis method and normative juridical approach. Children are part of citizens who must be protected as a generation to continue the leadership of the Indonesian nation. The current ideal construction for children who are in conflict with the law applies the Law of Juvenile Justice System where children aged 7 years can be given diversion in the trial process. Article 21 of the Law of Juvenile Criminal Justice System and Government Regulation No. 65 Year 2015 concerning Guidelines for the Implementation of Diversion, children under 12 years of age who commit/are suspected of committing a criminal act shall then be returned to their parents and include them in education, coaching, and mentoring programs in government institutions or Social Welfare Organizing Institutions in institutions in charge of social welfare.


2020 ◽  
pp. 1037969X2096490
Author(s):  
Emma Roff

This article examines compassionate sentencing as a model of therapeutic jurisprudence. More specifically, it makes the case for the use of compassionate sentencing as a method for the criminal justice system to better respond to cases of domestic violence victims who kill their abusive partners. By applying a discourse analysis to two case studies, I illustrate the nature and benefits of a compassionate approach to sentencing. Namely, ensuring individualised justice, increasing the therapeutic potential of the law and contributing to more nuanced social constructions of domestic violence.


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