scholarly journals General craniometric characteristics of linear parameters of the middle cranial fossa of a mature person

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 55-61
Author(s):  
I.V. Chekanova ◽  
O.Yu. Vovk ◽  
V.B. Ikramov ◽  
S.O. Dubina
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Development ◽  
Middle Cranial Fossa ◽  
Bone Architecture ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Longitudinal Size ◽  
Length Width ◽  
Cranial Fossa ◽  
Base Of The Skull ◽  
Neurovascular Structures ◽  
Mature Person

Given the rapid development of neurology, neurosurgery, otolaryngology and forensic medicine, there is a need for new, updated morphological data of internal base of the skull, in particular middle cranial fossa. This is due to the complex bone architecture of the middle cranial fossa and the location of important neurovascular structures in this area, which are important for surgeons not to damage during the operation. In this regard, it is necessary to detail the features of the structure, shape, position and size of the middle cranial fossa. The aim of the work is a detailed morphological and craniometric study of the linear parameters of the middle cranial fossa of a mature person depending on gender. The study was performed by studying 50 CT scans of the head and 50 bone preparations of the skulls of men and women of mature age. In our study, a detailed morphometry of longitudinal and latitudinal parameters at different levels of the middle cranial fossa, as well as determining its depth and area. Morphometry of linear parameters of the studied area of the skull showed the presence of a range of variability in length, width and depth depending on the sex of a mature person. The study showed an increase in the longitudinal size of the middle cranial fossa from the lateral to the medial; the transverse dimensions of the middle cranial fossa take on smaller values in its anterior parts and gradually increase to the posterior ones, which in our opinion is due to the characteristic shape of this part of the skull. The performed morphometry of longitudinal and latitudinal parameters, depth and area of the middle cranial fossa showed that these parameters are predominant in males in contrast to females, which is due to the slightly increased head size in this group of adult’s people. Depth of the middle cranial fossa has the smallest range of variability depending on sex. It is established that right-handed asymmetry is more often observed in mature people of both sexes. Rarely, left-sided asymmetry is determined due to an increase in the length of the lateral sections in mature men. The data obtained make it possible to expand knowledge about the structure of the middle cranial fossa and can serve as a basis for further research.

The So-Called Cavernous Sinus: A Review of the Controversy and Its Implications for Neurosurgeons

Neurosurgery ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 712-717 ◽  
Author(s):  
John N. Taptas
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Internal Carotid Artery ◽  
Cavernous Sinus ◽  
Internal Carotid ◽  
Cranial Nerves ◽  
Sella Turcica ◽  
Middle Cranial Fossa ◽  
Cranial Fossa ◽  
Base Of The Skull ◽  
Extradural Space

Abstract The so-called cavernous sinus is a venous pathway, an irregular network of veins that is part of the extradural venous network of the base of the skull, not a trabeculated venous channel. This venous pathway, the internal carotid artery, and the oculomotor cranial nerves cross the medial portion of the middle cranial fossa in an extradural space formed on each side of the sella turcica by the diverging aspects of a dural fold. In this space the venous pathway has only neighborhood relations with the internal carotid artery and the cranial nerves. The space itself must be distinguished from the vascular and nervous elements that it contains. The revision of the anatomy of this region has not only theoretical interest but also important clinical implications.

scholarly journals MORPHOMETRIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE LONGITUDINAL PARAMETERS OF THE MIDDLE CRANIAL FOSSA OF ADULTS DEPENDING ON EXTREME TYPE OF SKULLS STRUCTURE

10.23856/4333 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 256-262
Author(s):  
Iryna Chekanova
Keyword(s):  
Short Form ◽  
Middle Cranial Fossa ◽  
Anatomical Landmarks ◽  
Detailed Understanding ◽  
Extreme Type ◽  
Complex Anatomy ◽  
Cranial Fossa ◽  
Human Skulls ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Base Of The Skull

Surgical accesses through the middle cranial fossa (MCF) and their variations require the surgeons a detailed understanding of a complex anatomy of this site of the inner base of the skull (IBS) and an individual anatomical variability of the anatomical landmarks often used in their medical practice. The aim of this study is to establish individual anatomical variability of the longitudinal dimensions of MCF of mature age human. The research was carried out by studying 50 craniotomograms and 50 bone preparations of mature age human skulls with their further subdivision to extreme types of skulls groups. The examinations of the main longitudinal parameters were done for detailed MCF craniometry, namely: MCF lateral cranial length, MCF general length, MCF medial areas length. It was determined that all longitudinal dimensions increase from brachicephales to dolichocephales. This is due to the fact that for brachicrans (round-headedness) short form of the skull is inherent, for dolichocrans (narrow-headedness) – long and for mesocrans (moderate-headedness) average head size is inherent. According to the received data, MCF longitudinal parameters of mature age human regardless of the extreme types of the skull structure have the tendency to increase from medial sections of the investigated area to lateral. The results of this study substantially complete the existing information about the individual anatomical variability of MCF of mature age human and also make it possible to deeply use this data in practical medicine and for further research in morphology and in craniology in details.

scholarly journals Numerical variations and localization of foramen spinosum in 3D-CT images

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-63
Author(s):  
Yadigar Kastamoni ◽  
Ahmet Dursun ◽  
Veysel Atilla Ayyıldız ◽  
Kenan Öztürk
Keyword(s):  
Transverse Section ◽  
Middle Cranial Fossa ◽  
Ct Images ◽  
3D Ct ◽  
Foramen Ovale ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cranial Fossa ◽  
Neurovascular Structures

Objectives: The structures passing through the foramen spinosum and its neurovascular relationships are of great importance for surgical approches directed to middle cranial fossa. The aim of the present study was to examine the number and location of the foramen spinosum (FS) in 3D-CT images. Methods: The study was retrospectively conducted on 3D-CT images of 177 adults. Firstly, the transverse section passing through the upper edge of the orbit, extending parallel to the Frankfurt plane was chosen. Then, the x and y-axes were determined on that transverse section. The coordinates, number, and location of the FS with respect to the foramen ovale (FO) were identified accordingly on x and y-axes. Results: While 1 FS was present in 90.96% of a total of 354 sides of 177 heads, there were 2 FS and 3 FS in 8.76% and 0.28% of the sides, respectively. The FS was located posterolaterally in 97.68%, posteriorly in 2.06%, and laterally in 0.26% with respect to the FO. In terms of FS coordinates, there was no statistically significant difference between gender and sides in the distance of the FS to the x-axis, but there was a statistically significant difference between gender and sides in the distance of the FS to the y-axis. Conclusion: Evaluation of the number of the FS and its location would help identifying and preserving neighbouring neurovascular structures during surgical interventions directed to the middle cranial fossa.

Acquired Middle Cranial Fossa Fistulas

Neurosurgery ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 466-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Kaufman ◽  
Howard Yonas ◽  
Robert J. White ◽  
Clinton F. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Normal Population ◽  
Normal Pressure ◽  
Middle Cranial Fossa ◽  
Csf Leak ◽  
Middle Fossa ◽  
Middle Fossa Approach ◽  
Cranial Fossa ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Base Of The Skull

Abstract To the accepted classification of three types of normal pressure, nontraumatic cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) fistulas, we would add “acquired.” This type of CSF fistula tends to occur from the middle cranial fossa because of the enlargement of “pitholes” that are normally present in its anterior medial aspect. The enlargement of these bony defects is due to normal intracranial pressure variations that, not uncommonly, create meningoceles and meningoencephaloceles. A portion of the floor of this area is aerated in up to 10% of the normal population by the lateral recess of the sphenoid sinus, the pterygoid recess. Thus, this area has the potential to act as a pathway between the middle fossa and the paranasal sinuses, allowing cerebrospinal fluid to pass into the sinuses. Isotope and computerized tomographic studies are helpful in the localization of such a CSF leak. Tomography of the base of the skull, however, is essential for the ideal definition of possible routes of fistulization. If there is any question of the presence of a middle fossa fistula, these studies can show whether the floor of this area is pneumatized and whether there are any defects in the floor. The treatment of such a fistula should include generalized reinforcement of the floor of the anterior middle fossa by a middle fossa approach. If any doubt exists as to the site of leakage (anterior or middle fossa), the minimal surgical procedure should include exploration of both areas via a frontotemporal craniotomy.

Endoscopic approaches to the trigeminal nerve and clinical consideration for trigeminal schwannomas: a cadaveric study

2012 ◽  
Vol 117 (4) ◽  
pp. 690-696 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fuminari Komatsu ◽  
Mika Komatsu ◽  
Antonio Di Ieva ◽  
Manfred Tschabitscher
Keyword(s):  
Trigeminal Nerve ◽  
Infratemporal Fossa ◽  
Lateral Wall ◽  
Middle Cranial Fossa ◽  
Minimal Invasiveness ◽  
Trigeminal Schwannoma ◽  
Minimally Invasive Surgical ◽  
Anterior Petrosectomy ◽  
Cranial Fossa ◽  
Neurovascular Structures

Object The course of the trigeminal nerve straddles multiple fossae and is known to be very complex. Comprehensive anatomical knowledge and skull base techniques are required for surgical management of trigeminal schwannomas. The aims of this study were to become familiar with the endoscopic anatomy of the trigeminal nerve and to develop a minimally invasive surgical strategy for the treatment of trigeminal schwannomas. Methods Ten fresh cadavers were studied using 5 endoscopic approaches with the aid of 4-mm 0° and 30° endoscopes to identify surgical landmarks associated with the trigeminal nerve. The endoscopic approaches included 3 transcranial keyhole approaches (the extradural supraorbital, extradural subtemporal, and retrosigmoid approaches), and 2 endonasal approaches (the transpterygoid and the transmaxillary transpterygoid approaches). Results The trajectories of the extradural supraorbital, transpterygoid, and extradural subtemporal approaches corresponded with the course of the first, second, and third divisions of the trigeminal nerve, respectively. The 3 approaches demonstrated each division in intra- and extracranial spaces, as well as the Meckel cave in the middle cranial fossa. The interdural space at the lateral wall of the cavernous sinus was exposed by the extradural supraorbital and subtemporal approaches. The extradural subtemporal approach with anterior petrosectomy and the retrosigmoid approach visualized the trigeminal sensory root and its neighboring neurovascular structures in the posterior cranial fossa. The transmaxillary transpterygoid approach revealed the course of the third division in the infratemporal fossa. Conclusions The 5 endoscopic approaches effectively followed the course of the trigeminal nerve with minimal invasiveness. These approaches could provide alternative options for the management of trigeminal schwannoma.

Chondrosarcoma of the nasal septum

1982 ◽  
Vol 96 (5) ◽  
pp. 459-467 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. M. Bailey
Keyword(s):  
Case History ◽  
Nasal Septum ◽  
Posterior Part ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Middle Cranial Fossa ◽  
Rare Tumour ◽  
Effective Form ◽  
Cranial Fossa ◽  
The Right ◽  
Base Of The Skull

SummaryThe case history is presented of a patient with a massive chondrosarcoma arising from the posterior part of the nasal septum, extending into the base of the skull to involve the right middle cranial fossa. Removal of the main bulk of the tumour was accomplished by means of a cranio-facial resection, and it is hoped that useful palliation has thus been achieved.The literature relating to this rare tumour is reviewed: only seven cases have been previously described in which the tumour is believed to have arisen from the nasal septum. It is generally accepted that chondrosarcomas are radio-insensitive, and that surgical excision is the only effective form of treatment.

scholarly journals Resection of a juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma via a hybrid cranioendoscopic approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. V17
Author(s):  
Evan Joyce ◽  
Michael Karsy ◽  
Serge Makarenko ◽  
Jeramiah Alt ◽  
Richard Orlandi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Resection ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Middle Cranial Fossa ◽  
Juvenile Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma ◽  
Pediatric Tumor ◽  
Microsurgical Approach ◽  
Cranial Fossa ◽  
Neurovascular Structures ◽  
Complex Lesions

Endoscopic and open microsurgical approaches for pediatric patients are useful for a wide variety of skull base pathologies. A hybrid, cranioendoscopic approach may be beneficial in improving surgical resection for complex lesions. A case of a 13-year-old boy with a large juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma extending through the nasopharynx and pterygopalatine fossa into the maxillary, sphenoid, and cavernous sinuses is demonstrated via an endoscopic, transnasal and frontotemporal, extended middle cranial fossa microsurgical approach. Management of a large pediatric tumor via narrow nasal passages, safe surgical resection around critical neurovascular structures, and complication avoidance is demonstrated.The video can be found here: https://youtu.be/1WqvsOnQCxs.

Ræder's Syndrome

Cephalalgia ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 19 (25_suppl) ◽  
pp. 42-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Salvesen
Keyword(s):  
Male Patient ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Middle Cranial Fossa ◽  
Common Denominator ◽  
Cranial Fossa ◽  
The Common ◽  
Recent Classification ◽  
Base Of The Skull

Raeder's syndrome was first described by the Norwegian ophthalmologist J. G. Raeder in 1918, and the description extended in 1924 by the same author. The seminal report was a description of a young, male patient with unilateral periocular pain combined with ipsilateral miosis and ptosis, and with slight objective signs of trigeminal nerve involvement. Autopsy demonstrated a tumor at the base of the skull in the middle cranial fossa. The term “paratrigeminal” was coined for the picture reported. Later case reports by the same and other authors have included patients with a more benign clinical course, including spontaneous remissions, with unilateral periocular pain and ipsilateral signs of oculosympathetic paresis as the common denominator. This review is a chronological survey of the main contributions that have appeared in the literature and an outline of the various definitions of the syndrome, including a recent classification as well as some pathophysiological and prognostic considerations.

scholarly journals Ενδοσκοπική ανατομία της περιεφιππιακής χώρας του εγκεφάλου

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ανδρέας Μπαϊρακτάρης
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Middle Cranial Fossa ◽  
Endoscopic Technique ◽  
Lower Mortality ◽  
Less Invasive ◽  
Rigid Endoscope ◽  
Cranial Fossa ◽  
Base Of The Skull ◽  
Invasive Techniques ◽  
The Brain

Introduction: Modern Neurosurgery requires implementing less invasive techniques, with greater efficiency and lower mortality. The endoscopic technique is an evolution of Neurosurgery in this direction. The parasellar area is a region of the brain where the endoscopic technique may be preferable. Aim: Study the anatomy of parasellar area with the endoscopic technique. Material - Methods: In specially prepared dead bodies with special silicone pigments, parasellar area was studied through the rigid endoscope of Aesculap. In eight (8) bodies was applied the fronto - temporal Key hole endoscopic access and to other eight (8), the endoscopic transnasal transphenoidal technique. Results / Conclusions: The anatomy of the middle cranial fossa revealed adequately with both endoscopic approaches. The transnasal transphenoidal technique is accessed choice for the treatment of pathology in the pituitary gland while fronto-temporal technique is most appropriate for the pathology of the base of the skull, the supra- and para- sellar area.

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