Prognostic assessment of constitutional indicators influence on the indicators of personality traits of practically healthy women with different somatotypes

It is known that both genetic factors and environmental influences affect the development of the human body. This statement also applies to a person’s personality, ie the big five – the main features that make it up. The study of the relationship between physique and personality traits among a healthy population is very relevant and is a promising area for anthropology and psychology. The purpose of the work is to conduct a prognostic assessment of the influence of anthropo-somatotypological indicators on the personality indicators in practically healthy Ukrainian women without and taking into account the somatotype. Primary anthropo-somatotypological (anthropometry according to Bunak’s scheme, Heath-Carter somatotype determination, Matiegka and American Institute of Nutrition weight composition) and personality indicators (determination of leading typological characteristics of temperament according to Eysenck, psychodynamic features of personality according to Spielberger and features of accentuated personality traits according to Shmishek, components of internality according to Rotter) of practically healthy Ukrainian women of the first mature age are selected from the data bank of materials of the research center of National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsya. Factor analysis was performed in the license package "Statistica 6.1". The main factors that indicate the association of personality traits of practically healthy Ukrainian women of different somatotypes with some anthropo-somatotypological indicators: mesomorphs – "the size of the girth and fat size of the body" and "the size of the longitudinal size of the body"; in ectomorphs – "the size of the girth of the body" and "the size of the fat size of the body"; in endo-mesomorphs - "the magnitude of the circumferential size of the body" and "the magnitude of the width of the mandible"; in representatives of the middle intermediate somatotype – "the magnitude of the longitudinal and circumferential dimensions of the body" and "the magnitude of SFT on the posterior surface of the shoulder." In the general group of women, it is impossible to single out the second factor that has a significant load. Analysis of the obtained relationships of interdependence of personality traits, which have the greatest prognostic value in terms of formation of human personality with anthropo-somatotypological indicators showed that women of different somatotypes identified interdependencies have certain features. Thus, the application of factor analysis made it possible to determine the most significant relationships of personality indicators with the constitutional parameters of the body in practically healthy Ukrainian women of different somatotypes.

Longitudinal size effects on electrical and actuation behaviors of ionic polymer-metal composite

The structural characteristics of ionic polymer-metal composite (IPMC) were analyzed, and the effects of IPMC length ranging from 1 to 5 cm (with a width of 0.5 cm) were evaluated in terms of electrical parameters and actuation behavior. It has been concluded that the electrical parameters of IPMC materials (including capacitance, electrode resistance in thickness-direction, and internal resistance) decrease, and the bending strain of the setpoint increases as the length increases. The simulation of the current response of IPMC to 2 V DC voltage shows that the error between simulated peak current using 1 cm-IPMC parameters and the measured value is 8.23 times higher than that of 5 cm-IPMC. The strain of the set point on 5 cm-IPMC sample is 5.65 times bigger than that of the 1 cm-IPMC sample.

Correlation Between Corpus Callosum Shape and Craniometric Measurements According to Mri Data

The correlation between the cranial height and the height of the corpus callosum trunk bulge, and the relationship between the corpus callosum shape and the cranial shape have not been studied. The purpose of the article was to determine the individual variability of the corpus callosum height and shape of adults, and their dependence on the cranial height and shape. The material was two samples from a series of MR scans of the head of men and women of the second period of adulthood (19 variations in each group) without the central nervous system pathology. Magnetic resonance tomographic scanner Magnetom C was used for obtaining MRI images. Morphometric study was conducted using RadiAnt Dicom Viewer software on MR scans performed in the sagittal area in T1- and T2-weighted images modes. According to the findings, the height of the corpus callosum trunk bulge of men is on average – 26.1 ± 2.8 mm, women – 25.2 ± 2.6 mm, and the neurocranium height – 150.4 ± 6.9 mm and 140.2 ± 4.2 mm, respectively. Wherein the aspect ratio of the neurocranium height to the corpus callosum trunk bulge height in men is 5.8 ± 0.7, in women – 5.6 ± 0.5. The aspect ratio of the corpus callosum longitudinal size along the constricting chord to its trunk bulge height in men is on average 2.8 ± 0.3, in women – 2.7 ± 0.3. The absence of correlation between the cranial height and the corpus callosum trunk bulge height, and the absence of correlation between the corpus callosum shape and cranial shape in people of the second period of adulthood have been concluded.

Morphometric Parameters of the Gallbladder in Children and Adolescents according to Intravital Imaging Findings

The aimof the study is to establish age and gender patterns of morphometric parameters of the gallbladder in children and adolescents based on the findings of intravital imaging.Material and methods.The authors analyzed computed tomograms of the abdominal cavity of 75 children having no visible pathologies of the abdominal organs. The participants were divided into 4 agegroups: early childhood, first childhood, second childhood, adolescence. The diagnostic procedure was performed on 16-slice computed tomographs; a longitudinal size, a distance between the right and left walls, a distance between the anterior and posterior walls and a volume of the gallbladder were detected in the study. The data obtained were processed using variational and statistical methods,the mean value (M), standard error (m) and the significance of differences according to the Student's t-test were determined.Results.The longitudinal size of the gallbladder averaged 4.5±0.1 cm in the entire sample, 4.3±0.1 cm in girls, and 4.6±0.1 cm in boys; there was detected an increase from 3.7±0.2 cm in group 1 to 4.8±0.3 cm in group 4 (p=0.023). The transverse size of the gallbladder was 1.8 ± 0.1 cm, while in girls -1.8 ± 0.1 cm, and in boys - 1.7 ± 0.1 cm. The value of this parameter increased in all examined children from 1.3 ± 0.1 cm in group 1 to 2.1 ± 0.1 cm in group 4 (p = 0.001). In patients of all groups the average value of the distance between the anterior and posterior walls of the gallbladder was 2.8±0.1 cm. In girls this parameter was 2.8±0.1 cm, and in boys -2.9±0.1 cm. This parameter increased in all patients from 2.4±0.1 cm in group 1 to 3.4±0.1 cm in group 4 (p=0.001). The volume of the gallbladder constituted 13.6±0.8 cm3, in girls this parameter was 12.8±1.0 cm3, and in boys - 14.2±1.3 cm3. The volume of the gallbladder increased in all patients from 7.3±1.1 cm3 in group 1 to 19.4±1.9 cm 3 in group 4 (p=0.001).Conclusion.The most significant increase in most studied parameters (p≤0.05) was noted in children of the first childhood group compared with children of the early childhood group, and in adolescents co mpared with children from the second childhood group without differentiation by gender. A significant increase in the morphometric parameters of the gallbladder was determined mainly in boys of the first childhood group compared with children of the early childhood group and in adolescents compared with children of the second childhood group. In girls there was observed a tendency to a smooth increase in parameters from group to group; a significant increase was determined by the parameter “the distance between the anterior and posterior walls” in children of the second age group compared with children of the first age group (p=0.022). Most of the gallbladder morphometric parameters did not significantly differentiate in girls and boys of the same age group.

Особенности инициирования эффекта полого катода в электродной системе тлеющего разряда с протяженной катодной щелью

The influence of the size of the cathode gap on the initiation of the hollow cathode effect in a glow discharge system with an extended rectangular hollow cathode is presented. It is established that the threshold current of the discharge transition to the mode with a hollow cathode is determined by the size of the cathode gap. With a decrease in the width of the gap, the threshold current increases disproportionately, with an increase in the longitudinal size of the gap, this current decreases sharply

О разрушении упругих полимерных материалов под воздействием электронного пучка

An explanation for a feature found in several experiments in the general picture of the destruction of non-brittle polymers under the influence of a shock wave initiated by a powerful electron beam is proposed. The distance of the cracking region from the surface of the material affected by the beam to a finite length in depth is associated with the three-dimensional nature of the propagation of elastic waves. The universality of the effect is demonstrated by the simplest isotropic model, which shows that large tensile stresses are effectively generated inside the target at its sufficiently large transverse and longitudinal size, even without taking into account nonlinear and shear processes.

General craniometric characteristics of linear parameters of the middle cranial fossa of a mature person

Given the rapid development of neurology, neurosurgery, otolaryngology and forensic medicine, there is a need for new, updated morphological data of internal base of the skull, in particular middle cranial fossa. This is due to the complex bone architecture of the middle cranial fossa and the location of important neurovascular structures in this area, which are important for surgeons not to damage during the operation. In this regard, it is necessary to detail the features of the structure, shape, position and size of the middle cranial fossa. The aim of the work is a detailed morphological and craniometric study of the linear parameters of the middle cranial fossa of a mature person depending on gender. The study was performed by studying 50 CT scans of the head and 50 bone preparations of the skulls of men and women of mature age. In our study, a detailed morphometry of longitudinal and latitudinal parameters at different levels of the middle cranial fossa, as well as determining its depth and area. Morphometry of linear parameters of the studied area of the skull showed the presence of a range of variability in length, width and depth depending on the sex of a mature person. The study showed an increase in the longitudinal size of the middle cranial fossa from the lateral to the medial; the transverse dimensions of the middle cranial fossa take on smaller values in its anterior parts and gradually increase to the posterior ones, which in our opinion is due to the characteristic shape of this part of the skull. The performed morphometry of longitudinal and latitudinal parameters, depth and area of the middle cranial fossa showed that these parameters are predominant in males in contrast to females, which is due to the slightly increased head size in this group of adult’s people. Depth of the middle cranial fossa has the smallest range of variability depending on sex. It is established that right-handed asymmetry is more often observed in mature people of both sexes. Rarely, left-sided asymmetry is determined due to an increase in the length of the lateral sections in mature men. The data obtained make it possible to expand knowledge about the structure of the middle cranial fossa and can serve as a basis for further research.

Study of structural characteristics of vitrinites of Kuznetsk basin coals

The article is devoted to research of the main structural parameters of vitrinites of bituminous coals of various metamorphism degrees carried out by methods of X-ray phase and X-ray structural analysis. Vitrinite concentrates were obtained from coal of the Kuznetsk Basin. The main X-ray structural parameters were estimated: the number of carbon atoms in the lamellae (natC), the longitudinal size of the lamellae, and the height of their stacking (La and Lc), the number of polyaromatic layers in the package (N), and the packing density of the lamellae (ρ). It is shown in the work that in vitrinite concentrates, an increase in all analyzed structural parameters (Lc, La, natC, N, ρ) is observed with an increase in the degree of metamorphism, at the same time, a decrease in the value of the interplanar distance (d002) is observed. The XRD analysis showed that for the average number of layers in a package and carbon atoms per monolayer, in the samples of vitrinite concentrates of bituminous coals of high stages of metamorphism (Ro, r = 1.41%) varies from 7 to 8 and 14-15, respectively. It was found a correlation between the linear nature of the number of polyarene-layers and the height of their stacking. The results obtained were in good agreement with the literature data given for coals of various deposits.

AIS: Etiology, Pathogenesis. Facts and Reflections

This article has conceptual character. Authors paid attention to one of the paradoxes of AIS-it’s being mono-form in the shape of a 3D deformation at any etiology (polietiology). The explanation of this paradox and its reason was found while performing a mathematical modeling of a 3D deformation. The developed model as "matrix", allowed not only to reestimate a number of known features of real AIS, but also to see the patterns in its development which weren't known earlier. Authors claim that AIS is a compensatory reaction of an organism to the unique circumstance - non-conjugation (non-synchronization) of longitudinal development of a spinal cord and its bone-disc-ligamentousmuscular "sheath". The fact of existence of two types of AIS - typical (lordoscoliosis) and atypical (kyphoscoliosis) serves as the major argument in favor of such conclusion. Speaking of lordoscoliosis, we should know, that the "sheath" has the excess of longitudinal size, and concerning kyphoscoliosis - insufficient longitudinal size. Results of studying an endocrine regulation of a bone formation at patients with both types of AIS allowed the authors to establish features of an osteotropic hormonal profile which is usually directly correlated both with a clinical picture, and with nature of a spine column deformation progress. Causes interest authors interpretation of the melatonin theory of a pathogenesis of AIS. The authors explanation of the origin of phenomenon’s EMG is intriguing - they explain it through high electrical activity of muscles on apex frontal curve. In the final part of this article new classification of AIS origin is offered for discussion - hormonal, spinal and central.