Deformation, Mechanical Properties, and Fracture of Quenched and Tempered Carbon Steels

2015 ◽  
pp. 405-437
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Mechanical Behavior ◽  
Ductile Fracture ◽  
Carbon Steels ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Tempering Temperature ◽  
Medium Carbon ◽  
Low Carbon Steels ◽  
Deformation Properties ◽  
Medium Carbon Steels

Abstract Steels with martensitic and tempered martensitic microstructures, though sometimes perceived as brittle, exhibit plasticity and ductile fracture behavior under certain conditions. This chapter describes the alloying and tempering conditions that produce a ductile form of martensite in low-carbon steels. It also discusses the effect of tempering temperature on the mechanical behavior and deformation properties of medium-carbon steels.

scholarly journals Study on Spheroidization and Related Heat Treatments of Medium Carbon Alloy Steels

2018 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. 02008 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. R. Harisha ◽  
Sathyashankara Sharma ◽  
U. Achutha Kini ◽  
M. C. Gowri Shankar
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Manganese Content ◽  
Heat Treatments ◽  
Carbon Steels ◽  
Low Alloy Steels ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Medium Carbon ◽  
Medium Carbon Steels ◽  
Alloy Steels

The importance of medium carbon steels as engineering materials is reflected by the fact that out of the vast majority of engineering grade ferrous alloys available and used in the market today, a large proportion of them are from the family of medium carbon steels. Typically medium carbon steels have a carbon range of 0.25 to 0.65% by weight, and a manganese content ranging from 0.060 to 1.65% by weight. Medium carbon steels are more resistive to cutting, welding and forming as compared to low carbon steels. From the last two decades a number of research scholars reported the use of verity of heat treatments to tailor the properties of medium carbon steels. Spheroidizing is the novel industrial heat treatment employed to improve formability and machinability of medium/high carbon low alloy steels. This exclusive study covers procedure, the effects and possible outcomes of various heat treatments on medium carbon steels. In the present work, other related heat treatments like annealing and special treatments for property alterations which serve as pretreatments for spheroidizing are also reviewed. Medium carbon steels with property alterations by various heat treatment processes are finding increased responsiveness in transportation, aerospace, space, underwater along with other variegated fields. Improved tribological and mechanical properties consisting of impact resistance, stiffness, abrasion and strength are the main reasons for the increased attention of these steels in various industries. In the present scenario for the consolidation of important aspects of various heat treatments and effects on mechanical properties of medium carbons steel, a review of different research papers has been attempted. This review may be used as a guide to provide practical data for heat treatment industry, especially as a tool to enhance workability and tool life.

Anodic Plasma Electrolytic Saturation of Steels by Carbon and Nitrogen

2013 ◽  
Vol 704 ◽  
pp. 37-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel N. Belkin ◽  
Alexander Naumov ◽  
Sergei Shadrin ◽  
Ilia G. Dyakov ◽  
Alexander Zhirov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Saturation ◽  
Structural Steels ◽  
Carbon Steels ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Medium Carbon ◽  
Low Carbon Steels ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Medium Carbon Steels ◽  
Plasma Electrolytic ◽  
Short Time

Review of results in anodic plasma electrolytic saturation of structural steels with nitrogen and carbon in the aqueous electrolytes containing ammonia chloride and required additional constituents is presented. Proposed nitrohardening technology of the medium-carbon steels includes the short-time nitrogen saturation with the following hardening in the electrolyte. Short-time anodic carburizing possibility of the low-carbon steels with following hardening is shown. Treatment samples microhardness is 630±30 HV, their surface roughness decreases from 1.2 to 0.22 μm.

Influence of post-welding tempering on mechanical behavior of friction welded joints from medium-carbon steels during tensile test

2020 ◽  
pp. 40-49
Author(s):  
A. S. Atamashkin ◽  
E. Yu. Priymak ◽  
N. V. Firsova
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Behavior ◽  
Welded Joints ◽  
Welded Joint ◽  
Crack Nucleation ◽  
Carbon Steels ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile ◽  
Medium Carbon ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile Testing ◽  
Rotary Friction Welding ◽  
Medium Carbon Steels

The paper presents an analysis of the mechanical behavior of friction samples of welded joints from steels 30G2 (36 Mn 5) and 40 KhN (40Ni Cr 6), made by rotary friction welding (RFW). The influence of various temperature conditions of postweld tempering on the mechanical properties and deformation behavior during uniaxial tensile testing is analyzed. Vulnerabilities where crack nucleation and propagation occurred in specimens with a welded joint were identified. It was found that with this combination of steels, postweld tempering of the welded joint contributes to a decrease in the integral strength characteristics under conditions of static tension along with a significant decrease in the relative longitudinal deformation of the tested samples.

The Influence of Oxide Inclusion on the Refinement of Bainite and Toughness in HAZ for Low Carbon Steels

2013 ◽  
Vol 651 ◽  
pp. 163-167
Author(s):  
Shu Rui Li ◽  
Xue Min Wang ◽  
Xin Lai He
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Acicular Ferrite ◽  
Oxide Inclusion ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Carbon Steels ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Low Carbon Steels ◽  
The Core ◽  
Ti Oxides ◽  
Bainitic Steels

The influence of Ti oxide on the toughness of heat affected zone for low carbon bainitic steels has been investigated. The optical microscope, SEM and TEM were used to analyze the composition, size and distribution of the inclusions, and the microstructure and mechanical properties after welding thermal simulation were also investigated. The effect of Ti oxide inclusion on the transformation of acicular ferrite has also been studied. The results show that after the melting with Ti dioxide technique the inclusion is complex, in the core is Ti oxides about 1-3 micron and around it is MnS. It has been found the acicular ferrite can nucleate at the inclusions and the Ti oxide inclusion will promote the nucleation of acicular ferrite, and the acicular ferrite will block the growth of bainite. Therefore by introducing the Ti oxide in the steels the microstructure of HAZ could be refined markedly therefore the toughness of HAZ can be improved evidently.

scholarly journals Influence of Vanadium on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Medium-Carbon Steels for Wheels

Metals ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 978 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pengfei Wang ◽  
Zhaodong Li ◽  
Guobiao Lin ◽  
Shitong Zhou ◽  
Caifu Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Impact Toughness ◽  
Grain Refinement ◽  
Carbon Steels ◽  
Precipitation Strengthening ◽  
Austenite Grain Size ◽  
Medium Carbon ◽  
Microstructure And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Medium Carbon Steels ◽  
The Impact

Steels used for high-speed train wheels require a combination of high strength, toughness, and wear resistance. In 0.54% C-0.9% Si wheel steel, the addition of 0.075 or 0.12 wt % V can refine grains and increase the ferrite content and toughness, although the influence on the microstructure and toughness is complex and poorly understood. We investigated the effect of 0.03, 0.12, and 0.23 wt % V on the microstructure and mechanical properties of medium-carbon steels (0.54% C-0.9% Si) for train wheels. As the V content increased, the precipitation strengthening increased, whereas the grain refinement initially increased, and then it remained unchanged. The increase in strength and hardness was mainly due to V(C,N) precipitation strengthening. Increasing the V content to 0.12 wt % refined the austenite grain size and pearlite block size, and increased the density of high-angle ferrite boundaries and ferrite volume fraction. The grain refinement improved the impact toughness. However, the impact toughness then reduced as the V content was increased to 0.23 wt %, because grain refinement did not further increase, whereas precipitation strengthening and ferrite hardening occurred.

scholarly journals Mechanical Properties of Nb-containing Low-carbon Steels Produced by Direct Rolling

1988 ◽  
Vol 74 (12) ◽  
pp. 2323-2329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masahiko ODA ◽  
Hiroshi KUBO ◽  
Osamu AKISUE ◽  
Kichi NAKAZAWA
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Carbon Steels ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Low Carbon Steels ◽  
Direct Rolling
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