Minnesota’s Experience with Thin Bituminous Treatments for Low-Volume Roads

Three surface treatments placed on aggregate-surfaced roads (doublechip seal, Otta seal, and oil gravel) were investigated through field trials for performance. A double-chip seal used a single-size aggregate applied to a layer of hot asphalt binder. After 6 years of service, the performance of the road has required only routine preventive maintenance. The surface has a few thermal cracks and no rutting. An Otta seal, which uses a thick layer of soft asphalt to which a dense graded aggregate is added, has proven successful. The use of a chip spreader is recommended for precise aggregate application during construction. A large top-size aggregate, 1 in. (25 mm) minus, gave a rough texture to the surface, but the performance has not been adversely affected. Because of the fines included in an Otta seal, usually a locally available aggregate can be used. In design and construction, the oil gravel surface is similar to hot-mix asphalt. All the projects had some problems with segregation, but most can be corrected during construction with proper handling techniques. One benefit of this treatment is that additional material stockpiled during construction can be used in subsequent maintenance activities on the road. All three of the surface treatments require a strong stable base to work properly. The treatments add no structural component to the road. Therefore, the condition of the road needs to be carefully evaluated before construction. The roads that performed the best had the best base stability.

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Improve the Marshall stability of porous asphalt pavement with HDPE addition

MATEC Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/matecconf/201927603005 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 276 ◽

pp. 03005

Author(s):

Elsa Eka Putri ◽

Oliensia Vasilsa

Keyword(s):

Asphalt Pavement ◽

Asphalt Binder ◽

Good Choice ◽

Annual Rainfall ◽

Porous Asphalt ◽

The Road ◽

Maximum Stability ◽

Asphalt Content ◽

On The Road ◽

Marshall Stability

Porous asphalt is a gap graded pavement that is 20% air voids which enables rainwater that falls on the road surface to flow through the pavement and into drainage on the side of the road. Porous asphalt has a high shear resistance and dries quickly but its stability is low, it is costly to maintain and needs replacing after only a short time. Despite these disadvantages, porous asphalt is still a good choice in area that experiences heavy annual rainfall. High Density Polyethylene (HDPE), an opaque plastic, is harder and stronger than porous asphalt with a tensile strength of 3100-5500 psi. It is resistant to high temperatures. This study aims to investigate the effect of various percentages of HDPE as an additive to produce an HDPE Asphalt Binder for porous asphalt pavement. Marshall parameters were determined based on the AAPA 2004 standard. It was found that 4% HDPE achieved a maximum stability value of 870 kg at the optimum asphalt content for porous asphalt pavement was 5.54%. Stability of porous asphalt pavement with optimum asphalt content value was 61.1% higher after the addition of HDPE. Thus, the use of HDPE as an additive in Asphalt Binder was able to increase the binding strength of the asphalt minimising the disadvantages of the low stability of traditional porous asphalt pavement.

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The Influence of Fly Ash Addition on the Compressive Strength of Concrete Containing Recycle Concrete Aggregates

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.626.391 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 626 ◽

pp. 391-395 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Rosyid Kholilur Rohman ◽

Setiyo Daru Cahyono ◽

A.R. Hanung Triyono

Keyword(s):

Compressive Strength ◽

Fly Ash ◽

Test Material ◽

Material Structure ◽

Additional Material ◽

The Road ◽

Compressive Strength Of Concrete ◽

On The Road ◽

Nature Preservation

The rapid economy growth in Indonesia encourages the developments in all fields. One of them is the development of infrastructure on housings, transportations, and irrigation. Constructions of concrete building are used on the road, bridges, buildings, housing, and water buildings. A concrete is a material structure of building that made from mix of sand, gravel, cement and water as adhesive. All the materials of the concrete were derived from the nature. To avoid the excessive exploration of nature resource the method of recycling of used concrete to become new one were needed. The used concrete was used for coarse aggregate. To improve the quality of concrete from the used one, additional material was required, that is, fly ash. The test material were formed of cube of 15x15x15 cm in size. From the result of research, the analysis can be done in order to find the relationship between quantity of fly ash to be added and the quality of concrete can be formulated as y =-34.921x2 + 11.45x + 25.465, in which y is compressive strength and x is the percentage of fly ash. Thus, for maximum addition of fly ash of 16.4 %, it obtains the maximum compressive strength of concrete of 26.4 MPa and the age of concrete is 28 days. The method of recycling of used concrete and the use of fly ash to become the material of new concrete are safe environmentally, which can overcome the nature filthy especially from the waste of used concrete and coal. Therefore, this is in line with the principal of nature preservation, those are Reduce, Reuse dan Recycle.

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Evaluation of Polymer-Modified Warm-Mix Asphalt Used for Gobi Road

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.723.320 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 723 ◽

pp. 320-327

Author(s):

Yong Joo Kim ◽

Sung Lin Yang ◽

Yeong Min Kim ◽

Sung Do Hwang ◽

Soo Ahn Kwon ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Low Temperature ◽

Heavy Traffic ◽

Asphalt Binder ◽

Weather Condition ◽

Warm Mix Asphalt ◽

Bending Test ◽

Test Results ◽

The Road ◽

Polymer Modifier ◽

On The Road

South Gobi road of 240-km flexible pavement was constructed from UKHAA KHUDAG to GASHUUN SUKHAIT in South Gobi, Mongolia in 2011. However, due to the heavy traffic and severe weather condition, early distresses have occurred from a length of 100-km flexible pavements in South Gobi road after one year service life. In order to enhance crack and rutting resistances and to improve paving quality control in South Gobi road, polymer modifier is selected to reduce rutting at high temperature and cracking at low temperature and warm-mix asphalt (WMA) additive is selected to reduce the mixing and compacting temperatures and provide better compaction on the road and the ability to haul paving mix for longer distances. This paper adopted comprehensive asphalt tests to evaluate physical and rheological characteristics, and crack potential at low temperature for use in a South Gobi road. Laboratory tests were performed on asphalt binder with a polymer modifier and warm-mix asphalt additive by conducting the following tests: softening test, ductility test, SuperpaveTMtest and cold bending test. These test results of asphalt binder with SBS polymer modifier and warm-mix asphalt additive were significantly more positive than those of typical asphalt binder. On the basis of test results, it can be concluded that the asphalt binder with SBS polymer modifier and WMA additive is stronger and less susceptible to rutting and crack than typical asphalt binder used in South Gobi.

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Do wildlife warning reflectors elicit aversion in captive macropods?

Wildlife Research ◽

10.1071/wr05115 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 33 (7) ◽

pp. 583 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Daniel Ramp ◽

David B. Croft

Keyword(s):

World Wide ◽

Field Trials ◽

Behavioural Response ◽

Vehicle Collisions ◽

Road Verge ◽

Aversive Effect ◽

The Road ◽

Macropus Rufus ◽

On The Road

A goal to reduce the frequency of animal–vehicle collisions is motivating extensive research on this topic world-wide. Over the last 30 years, one popular mechanism to warn wildlife of approaching vehicles has been the wildlife warning reflector, manufactured and distributed under the brands Swareflex (Austria) and Strieter-Lite (USA). These reflectors were designed to scare deer and other ungulates from roadways at night by reflecting light from the headlights of approaching vehicles into the eyes of animals on the road verge. Robust documentation of their effectiveness has been lacking, yet there has been a push in Australia to examine their efficacy with regard to medium to large macropodids. Field trials of the reflectors are problematic and difficult to design rigorously, so we chose to examine the behavioural response of two captive macropodid species (Macropus rufus and M. rufogriseus) to the reflectors on a simulated road in order to derive some indication as to their efficacy. The behavioural response to the reflectors was negligible for both species and not consistent with an aversive effect to deter road use or crossing. We conclude that they would be of little value in our efforts to reduce the frequency of collisions of kangaroos or wallabies with vehicles in Australia.

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Development and Performance of the Portable Skid Resistance Tester

Rubber Chemistry and Technology ◽

10.5254/1.3535703 ◽

1965 ◽

Vol 38 (4) ◽

pp. 840-862 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

C. G. Giles ◽

B. E. Sabey ◽

K. H. F. Cardew

Keyword(s):

Field Trials ◽

Test Surface ◽

Skid Resistance ◽

Textured Surfaces ◽

Basic Principles ◽

The Road ◽

Factors Influencing ◽

On The Road ◽

And Performance ◽

Patterned Tire

Abstract The portable skid-resistance tester can carry out a wide variety of measurements on the road and in the laboratory. This paper outlines the basic principles underlying the design of the tester and describes the laboratory and field trials conducted during the development of the instrument. The factors influencing its performance are emphasized. In its performance, the instrument behaves as a patterned tire skidding at 30 mph. It is particularly well suited for testing rough-textured surfaces, and readings are independent of gradient, camber, or crossfall on the test surface.

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Wavelet-Based Optimum Identification of Vehicle Axles Using Bridge Measurements

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app10217485 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (21) ◽

pp. 7485

Author(s):

Hua Zhao ◽

Chengjun Tan ◽

Eugene J. OBrien ◽

Nasim Uddin ◽

Bin Zhang

Keyword(s):

Field Trials ◽

Correlation Factor ◽

Vehicle Speed ◽

The Road ◽

Bridge Health Monitoring ◽

Axle Detection ◽

Weigh In Motion ◽

Bridge Weigh In Motion ◽

Health Monitoring Systems ◽

On The Road

Accurate vehicle configurations (vehicle speed, number of axles, and axle spacing) are commonly required in bridge health monitoring systems and are prerequisites in bridge weigh-in-motion (BWIM) systems. Using the ‘nothing on the road’ principle, this data is found using axle detecting sensors, usually strain gauges, placed at particular locations on the underside of the bridge. To improve axle detection in the measured signals, this paper proposes a wavelet transform and Shannon entropy with a correlation factor. The proposed approach is first verified by numerical simulation and is then tested in two field trials. The fidelity of the proposed approach is investigated including noise in the measurement, multiple presence, different vehicle velocities, different types of vehicle and in real traffic flow.

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The Effect of Soft Soil Stabilization By using Lime as the Basic Soil Strength Material for Road in Merauke Regency

International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering - Special Issue ◽

10.35940/ijitee.k1781.0981119 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (11) ◽

pp. 1830-1835

Keyword(s):

Compressive Strength ◽

Unconfined Compressive Strength ◽

Soil Stabilization ◽

Soft Soil ◽

Soil Characteristic ◽

Additional Material ◽

The Road ◽

Lime Content ◽

Strength Material ◽

On The Road

Part of roads in Merauke Regency are damaged because of the soil supporting power is soft and not enough to get advantages if it is used as sub-grade soil. One of the ways to handle it is to carry out the mechanic as well as mechanic stability by using additional material. This research intends to know the California Bearing Ratio (CBR) value of subgrade, to know the effect of lime content due to the CBR of clay, the CBR value of sub-grade after being added with lime content, and to know the unconfined compressive strength value of sub-grade and soil after being mixed with lime. .The methodology consists of experimental method by using the mix of clay on the road of Kuda Mati-Tanah Wali-Wali, Merauke Regency with the lime from Wakatobi Regency due to the lime percentage variety of 3%, 6%, 9%, and 12%. Then, it is carried out the test of Atterberg limits, density, CBR swelling, CBR soaked, and test of unconfined compressive strength. The test is due to the lime percentage variety as above and the results of unconfined compressive strength value are 2,024 kg/cm2 ; 5,434 kg/cm2 ; 6,458 kg/cm2 ; 7,689 kg/cm2 ; and 7,019 kg/cm2 . Results show that the sub-grade on the road of Kuda Mati-Tujuh Wali-Wali is as clay. Lime can change the soil characteristic better and it can increase the CBR of clay soil and increasing the value of soil unconfined compressive strength

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Numerical Modeling of Buried Pipe under Wheel Loads Using FLAC 3D

International Journal of Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering ◽

10.4018/jgee.2013010104 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 61-67

Author(s):

Hamed Niroumand ◽

Khairul Anuar Kassim ◽

Behnam Adhami

Keyword(s):

Thick Layer ◽

Road Surface ◽

Steel Pipe ◽

Outer Diameter ◽

Buried Pipe ◽

Wheel Load ◽

The Road ◽

Flac 3D ◽

Wheel Loading ◽

On The Road

A steel pipe is buried at a shallow depth beneath a roadway. The behavior of steel pipe during wheel load was studied in this paper by FLAC 3D. An analysis is needed to evaluate the effect of wheel loading on the road surface deflection and pipe deformation. The top of the pipe is 1.5m beneath the road surface. The pipe has an outer diameter of 4m and is 0.12m thick. The pipe excavation is 15m wide and 6m depth. The steel pipe is placed on a 0.4m thick layer of soil backfill, and then soil is compacted around the steel pipe. The wheel load is increased during failure occurs in the soil. Soil backfill behavior has been considered with Mohr-Coulomb Model in analysis. The analysis defines the failure load and the resulting soil and pipe displacement.

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