Detecting and Correcting Localized Roughness Features

2015 ◽  
Vol 2525 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary J. Higgins
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Pavements ◽  
Minimum Length ◽  
Accurate Data ◽  
Department Of Transportation ◽  
Profile Data ◽  
Diamond Grinding ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Roughness Index ◽  
Colorado Department

Data collected by inertial profilers on new asphalt pavements in Colorado in 2012 were used to analyze the effectiveness of the localized roughness specification in Colorado. For the analyzed projects, data were collected before any corrections were made as well as after diamond grinding had been performed to remove areas of localized roughness. The data indicated that localized roughness features having a half-car roughness index (HRI) lower than 175 in./mi were rarely addressed during correction. However, about half the localized roughness features that had an HRI of 175 to 200 in./mi were successfully addressed during correction. Localized roughness features having an HRI greater than 200 in./mi appeared to be successfully addressed during correction. The analysis indicated a significant difference in the localized roughness locations identified by AASHTO R 54 and the Colorado Department of Transportation (DOT) method of detecting localized roughness. The Colorado DOT procedure specifies a minimum length for a roughness feature that is to be corrected, but AASHTO R 54 does not. This paper shows that collecting accurate profile data and analyzing the data to determine localized roughness locations are not enough. The identified locations must be correctly marked on the pavement in the field so that the feature does not cause localized roughness. This paper presents a procedure not only for collecting accurate data but also for accurately marking the roughness features in the field. It is shown that it is possible to locate and correct localized roughness accurately to the current thresholds as set by AASHTO R 54.

Measuring Smoothness of Virginia’s Asphalt Overlays

2000 ◽  
Vol 1712 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-92
Author(s):  
Kevin K. McGhee
Keyword(s):  
South Dakota ◽  
Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Critical Assessment ◽  
Department Of Transportation ◽  
International Roughness Index ◽  
Roughness Index ◽  
Virginia Department ◽  
Asphalt Overlays ◽  
Special Provision

In the summer of 1996 the Virginia Department of Transportation (VDOT) initiated the pilot of a new special provision regarding the smoothness of asphalt pavement surfaces. This special provision is based on the international roughness index (IRI) and is administered with a laser-equipped South Dakota–style inertial road profiler. A critical assessment of the nontraditional equipment and methods used to administer the special provision is provided. Issues addressed in the critique include provision exemptions, the ability to identify and contend with construction variability, and peculiarities of the equipment that affect the ability of VDOT to administer a modern acceptance provision.

scholarly journals Effect of Laser Acupuncture on Disuse Osteoarthritis: An Ultrasound Biomicroscopic Study of Patellar Articular Cartilage in Rats

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing Wang ◽  
Xia Guo ◽  
Mu-Qing Liu ◽  
Xiao-Yun Wang ◽  
Yong-Ping Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Ultrasound Biomicroscopy ◽  
Cartilage Thickness ◽  
Laser Acupuncture ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Backscatter Coefficient ◽  
Sham Treatment ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Roughness Index

To investigate the effect of laser acupuncture (LA) on disuse changes in articular cartilage using ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM), Eighteen rats were randomly divided into the control group (C), the tail-suspended group (T), and the tail-suspended with LA treatment group (L). During 28-day suspension period, group L were treated with LA at acupoints on the left hindlimb while group T had a sham treatment. Ultrasound roughness index (URI), integrated reflection coefficient (IRC), integrated backscatter coefficient (IBC), cartilage thickness, and ultrasonographic score (US) of articular cartilage at patella were measured by using an ultrasound biomicroscopy system (UBS). Compared with the group C, URI significantly (P<0.01) increased by 60.9% in group T, increased by 38.1% in group L. In addition, unloading induced a significant cartilage thinning (P<0.05) in group T, whereas cartilage thickness in group L was140.22±19.61 μm reaching the level of the control group (147.00±23.99 μm). There was no significant difference in IRC, IBC, and US among the three groups. LA therapy could help to retain the quality of articular cartilage which was subjected to unloading. LA would be a simple and safe nonpharmacological countermeasure for unloading-induced osteoarthritis. The UBM system has potential to be a sensitive, specific tool for quantitative assessment of articular cartilage.

Colorado Department of Transportation Limon Wetland Bank

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Garth W. Englund, Jr. ◽  
Bill Goosman ◽  
Kris Meiring ◽  
Cathy Halm ◽  
Michael Banovich
Keyword(s):  
Department Of Transportation ◽  
Colorado Department

scholarly journals Program to Determine the Terrain Roughness Index using Path Profile Data Sampled at Different Moving Window Sizes

2018 ◽  
Vol 182 (34) ◽  
pp. 34-41
Author(s):  
Simeon Ozuomba ◽  
Henry Johnson ◽  
Constance Kalu
Keyword(s):  
Moving Window ◽  
Profile Data ◽  
Roughness Index ◽  
Terrain Roughness

scholarly journals Pengaruh Pendidikan & Latihan dan Perilaku Individu terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Dinas Perhubungan Kota Solok

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (01) ◽  
pp. 51-60
Author(s):  
Hendri Irawan
Keyword(s):  
Employee Performance ◽  
Education And Training ◽  
Individual Behavior ◽  
Positive Education ◽  
Department Of Transportation ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Training

This study aims to determine: (1) the influence of education and training and behavior of individuals on the performance of employees, (2) the effect of education and training on the performance of employees (3) the impact of individual behavior on employee performance the Department of Transportation Solok. This type of research is ex post facto. The study population was all employees of the Department of Transportation Solok. While the sample is total sampling of 41 people. Data taken with indirect communication technique using questionnaires as a data collection tool.  The results of this study were (1) a significant difference and positive education and training and behavior of individuals on the performance of employees, (2) there is a significant effect and positive education and training on the performance of employees, (3) there is a significant and positive influence on the performance of individual behavior of employees at the Department of Transportation in Solok (a) education and training for employees often conducted by the Department of Transportation in Solok (b) the behavior of individual employees both categories (3.79) (c) performance employees were high (3.82) and means that employees often carry out activities that could improve its performance. Finally suggested to the leadership of the Department of Transportation Solok needs to be improved implementation of education and training for employees. Head of staff should be working to improve the motivation of work, work engagement and improve performance, especially indicators of quantity and quality of services to the community.

Risk Analysis of Freeway Lane Closure during Peak Period

2005 ◽  
Vol 1908 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jake Kononov ◽  
Zane Znamenacek
Keyword(s):  
Risk Analysis ◽  
Work Zone ◽  
Department Of Transportation ◽  
Ability To Work ◽  
Peak Period ◽  
Maintenance Work ◽  
Closure Policy ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Cost Of Construction ◽  
Colorado Department

This paper examines risks associated with peak period lane closure during construction or maintenance work on urban freeways. In accordance with recently implemented policy by the Colorado Department of Transportation, lane closure would be allowed if reserve capacity were available. A relatively minor accident in the work zone caused substantial delays during the peak period that virtually paralyzed traffic in the Denver, Colorado, metropolitan area. This occurrence caused reexamination of the existing lane closure policy. Generally speaking, if a contractor is allowed greater flexibility in establishing work schedules, including the ability to work through peak periods, a lower bid can be expected. This paper compares savings in the cost of construction related to allowing lane closure during peak periods with the cost of potential incident-related delays in the framework of a quantitative risk analysis.

scholarly journals SUGGESTING A SIMPLE DESIGN METHOD FOR COLD RECYCLED ASPHALT MIXES WITH ASPHALT EMULSION

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 966-976 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bahador BAZRAFSHAN MOGHADAM ◽  
Hamid FARHAD MOLLASHAHI
Keyword(s):  
Design Method ◽  
Mix Design ◽  
Asphalt Pavements ◽  
Asphalt Emulsion ◽  
Recycled Asphalt ◽  
Moisture Susceptibility ◽  
Asphalt Mixes ◽  
Reclaimed Asphalt ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Emulsified Asphalt

Although there are typical and well-known standard methods for designing hot mix asphalt in the world, there is no unique design method for cold recycled asphalt mixes. The current methods are mainly local or even dependent on technology owners due to the diversity of materials and qualitative control limitations. Currently, most of the design methods are based on 4 inch mold. The major problem of these methods is that in the mix design, the effect of aggre­gates larger than 25 mm is neglected, while this size of aggregates is used in the recycling projects. Therefore, there is a significant difference between in-situ and laboratory mix behaviors. So, 6-inch mold is used. In this study, a simple mix design has been obtained for reclaimed asphalt pavements (RAP) considering the different amount of emulsified asphalt, Portland cement, three gradations, moisture contents, temperatures, and curing times. For this reason, 315 samples were prepared. The results show that the mixes with aggregates larger than 25 mm have a significant difference with 25 mm and smaller aggregates sizes in terms of mechanical properties and moisture susceptibility. Therefore, 6-inch molds should be used for RAP materials that are larger than 25 mm in the mix design.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of animal bite in Iran during a 20-year period (1993–2013): a meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maliheh Abedi ◽  
Amin Doosti-Irani ◽  
Fatemeh Jahanbakhsh ◽  
Amirhossein Sahebkar
Keyword(s):  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Accurate Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Efficient Resource ◽  
Incident Rate

Abstract Background Rabies is a fatal disease that still kills 2–6 people a year in Iran. A meta-analysis was conducted in order to generate accurate data on animal bite exposure, and to estimate the incidence of animal bite across the country. Materials and methods Major national and international electronic databases were searched using the keywords “animal bite,” rabies, prevalence, incidence, and Iran. Web of Knowledge, PubMed, Scopus, Ovid, and ScienceDirect were used as international databases, and the national databases included Science Information Database, MagIran, and IranDoc. Descriptive cross-sectional studies addressing the incidence of animal bite were selected and screened by two authors, and pre-specified data were extracted. The population of provinces or cities of studies was extracted from the Statistical Centre of Iran. The overall incidence of animal bite in Iran was estimated using a random-effects model with 95% confidence interval (CI). Study quality was assessed using the STROBE recommended checklist. Results A total of 34 studies were selected for the meta-analysis out of 1215 retrieved studies. The number of animal bites in the studies during 1993–2013 was 230,019 cases. The overall estimated incidence rate of animal bite in Iran was 13.20/1000 (95%, CI 12.10, 14.30) and the mean age of people was 26.23 (SD = 5.02) year. The incidence rate of animal bite among males (14.90/1000) was much higher than females (4.55/1000), and was higher in rural areas (17.45/1000) compared with urban areas (4.35/1000). The incident rate was highest among students compared with other reported occupations. The incidence rate of dogs was 10.40/1000 followed by cats, cows, wolves, jackals, and foxes. Domestic animals had a higher incidence rate than stray and wild animals. The incidence rate of animal bite during spring was 4.90/1000; however, the incidence rate in other seasons had no significant difference. In the retrieved studies, the highest incidence rate of animal bite was found in the West Azerbaijan Province (146.83/1000). Conclusion The current study is the first comprehensive analysis of the published animal bite studies in Iran. Accurate data on animal bite incidence may lead to more effective policy-decisions towards more efficient resource allocation to primary health care for reducing rabies case. Such information is a primary and major necessity for rabies control program in the country. Animal bite reduction can significantly minimize the risk of rabies infection, thereby reducing public health costs for the expensive post-exposure treatment.

Relationship between International Roughness Index and Power Spectral Density of Asphalt Pavements in China

2013 ◽  
Vol 742 ◽  
pp. 104-108
Author(s):  
Shao Wen Liu ◽  
Xiao Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Density ◽  
Power Spectral Density ◽  
Response Function ◽  
Asphalt Pavements ◽  
International Roughness Index ◽  
Quarter Car Model ◽  
Pavement Roughness ◽  
Power Spectral ◽  
Roughness Index ◽  
Quarter Car

In this paper, pavement roughness is assumed as random stationary variable and used as the exciting force of theoretical analyses of the quarter car model of International Roughness Index (IRI). From the frequency response function of the quarter car, the response function of the displacement difference between sprung and unsprung mass is obtained based on random process theory. Then the relationship between IRI and power spectral density (PSD) is established from statement characteristic of the response function. Finally, the longitudinal road profiles of typical asphalt roads in China are used to validate the proposed model.

A Long-Term Performance Evaluation of an Experimental Concrete Overlay

2018 ◽  
Vol 2672 (40) ◽  
pp. 275-281
Author(s):  
James Greene ◽  
Ohhoon Kwon ◽  
Abdenour Nazef ◽  
Bouzid Choubane
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Pavements ◽  
Experimental Program ◽  
Department Of Transportation ◽  
Joint Spacing ◽  
Concrete Overlays ◽  
Pavement Roughness ◽  
Florida Department ◽  
Long Term Performance ◽  
Term Performance

Flexible pavements are often rehabilitated by milling distressed asphalt and placing new asphalt at a thickness that accounts for expected traffic growth and pavement life. However, there are many reported benefits to concrete overlays as a method to rehabilitate and preserve distressed asphalt pavements. In 1988, the Florida Department of Transportation designed and constructed an unbonded concrete overlay on US-1 between Daytona Beach and Titusville. The 1.9-mile concrete overlay was part of a larger 8-mile milling and resurfacing of a deteriorated asphalt pavement. The concrete overlay test sections were divided into three groups based on design thicknesses of 6, 7, and 8 inches. Each of these groups included subsections with three joint spacing levels and two dowel bar configurations consisting of standard 12-inch spacing and wheel path only. The overlay sections are still in service with no major rehabilitation effort. The primary distress is pavement roughness found in sections with wheel path dowels only. The section with the most cracked slabs had joint spacings of 20 ft, which is no longer recommended. This paper documents the experimental program and presents the analysis and findings.

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