scholarly journals FONTES E FORMAS DE APLICAÇÃO DA ADUBAÇÃO FOSFATADA NA CULTURA DO GIRASSOL

Nativa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 650-657
Author(s):  
Franciele Caroline De Assis Valadão ◽  
Daniel Dias Valadão Júnior ◽  
Daniela Alves de Souza ◽  
Max Sueliym Barrios Rodrigues ◽  
Leonardo Durval Duarte Guimarães
Keyword(s):  
Humic Substances ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Phosphate Fertilizer ◽  
Additional Treatment ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
P Content ◽  
Phosphate Fertilization ◽  
Sunflower Crop ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
P Sources

Os solos sob Cerrado são naturalmente pobres em fósforo, sendo imprescindível a sua adição aos sistemas agrícolas. No entanto, a fonte utilizada e a forma de aplicação podem afetar o resultado. Assim, objetivou-se nesse trabalho, avaliar as características vegetativas e produtivas do girassol em função do manejo da adubação fosfatada, utilizando diferentes fontes e formas de aplicação. Para isso, foram realizados dois experimentos, sendo um em Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo distrófico de textura média e outro em Latossolo Vermelho distrófico de textura argilosa, sob delineamento em blocos casualizados em esquema fatorial 3x4+1 com quatro repetições. O primeiro fator refere-se a três fontes de P, sendo uma fonte mineral (monoamônio fosfatado - MAP- 48% de P2O5; 11% de N), outra representada pelo MAP+substância húmica líquida (0% de P2O5; 2 % de N) e uma fonte organomineral granulado com substâncias húmicas (26% de P2O5; 5% de N). O segundo fator trata-se de quatro formas de aplicação do adubo sendo 100, 67, 33 e 0% aplicado a lanço e o restante aplicado no sulco de semeadura. O tratamento adicional foi a não aplicação de P e substâncias húmicas. A fonte e a forma de aplicação do adubo fosfatado afetam a cultura do girassol. A produtividade de aquênios foi afetada pelos fatores testados, havendo interação significativa em ambos os solos. Para o Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo o adubo MAP isolado pode ser aplicado 100% a lanço sem redução de produtividade e quando em conjunto com substâncias húmicas, no mínimo 33% da dose deve que ser aplicada no sulco de semeadura. No Latossolo Vermelho tanto o MAP quanto o adubo organomineral tem que ser aplicado no mínimo 67% da dose no sulco de semeadura e quando for acrescido substâncias húmicas ao MAP, apenas 33% são necessários ser aplicado no sulco de semeadura. Palavras-chave: fósforo; adubação organomineral; adubação a lanço; Hellianthus annus; teor de P.   SOURCES AND WAYS OF APPLICATION OF PHOSPHATE FERTILIZATION IN THE SUNFLOWER CULTURE   ABSTRACT: Soils under Cerrado are naturally low in phosphorus, and their addition to agricultural systems is essential. However, the source used and the form of application can affect the result. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the vegetative and productive characteristics of the sunflower according to the management of phosphate fertilization, using different sources and forms of application. For this, two experiments were carried out, one in a Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo distrófico with medium texture and the other in a Latossolo Vermelho Distrófico with clay texture, under a randomized block design in a 3x4 + 1 factorial scheme with four replications. The first factor refers to three sources of P, one mineral source (phosphate monoammonium - MAP- 48% P2O5; 11% N), another represented by MAP + liquid humic substance (0% P2O5; 2% N) and a granulated organomineral source with humic substances (26% P2O5; 5% N). The second factor is four ways of applying the fertilizer, 100, 67, 33 and 0% applied to haul and the rest applied to the seeding furrow. The additional treatment was the non-application of P and humic substances. The source and form of application of the phosphate fertilizer affect the sunflower crop. The achenes productivity was affected by the tested factors, with significant interaction in both soils. For the Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo, the isolated MAP fertilizer can be applied 100% by haul without reducing productivity and when in conjunction with humic substances, at least 33% of the dose must be applied in the seeding furrow. In the Latossolo Vermelho both MAP and organomineral fertilizer must be applied at least 67% of the dose in the sowing furrow and when humic substances are added to the MAP, only 33% are necessary to be applied in the seeding furrow. Keywords: phosphorus; organomineral fertilization; haul fertilization; Hellianthus annus; P content.

scholarly journals Enhanced-efficiency phosphorus fertilizer: promising technology for carrot crop

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 492-497
Author(s):  
Adilson Pelá ◽  
Matheus A Ribeiro ◽  
Rafael U Bento ◽  
Luiz HB Cirino ◽  
Roberto A Reis Júnior
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Phosphate Fertilizer ◽  
Root Diameter ◽  
Additional Treatment ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Phosphorus Fertilizer ◽  
Agronomic Efficiency ◽  
P Content ◽  
Phosphate Fertilization

ABSTRACT Several studies were carried out to evaluate polymer-coated mineral fertilizers; however, few studies, on the agronomic efficiency of these fertilizers in the field in carrot crop, are available. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the use of enhanced-efficiency phosphorus fertilizer coated with polymers in carrot (Daucus carota). The experiment was carried out in field, in Ipameri-GO. The experimental design was randomized blocks, arranged in an incomplete factorial design (5x2)+1, considering five phosphorus doses (150, 300, 450, 600 and 750 ha-1 kg P2O5), two P sources [conventional MAP (monoammonium phosphate) and polymer-coated MAP (Policote)] and one additional treatment (control, without P). The evaluated traits were plant height, root length, root diameter, total productivity, marketable root classes, agronomic efficiency of phosphate fertilization and P content in the roots. Data were submitted to analysis of variance and regression. Phosphate fertilization did not influence the P content in carrot roots, but increased plant height, root length and diameter and yield of carrot roots. Polymer-coated phosphate increased plant height, length, diameter and productivity of carrot roots, when compared to conventional fertilizer. Carrot productivity was, on average, 15.5% higher with polymer-coated P source (39.42 t ha-1) than with the conventional P source (34.11 t ha-1). Marketable roots were also improved with the use of polymer-coated phosphate fertilizer. Phosphate fertilizer coated with polymer increased the agronomic efficiency of phosphate fertilization in the carrot crop.

scholarly journals High Sunflower Densities as a Weed Control Strategy in an Integrated Crop-Livestock System

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. DOMINSCHEK ◽  
L. DEISS ◽  
C.R. LANG ◽  
A. MORAES ◽  
A. PELISSARI
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Additional Treatment ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Environmental Protection Area ◽  
Protection Area ◽  
Weed Infestation ◽  
Sunflower Crop ◽  
Livestock Systems

ABSTRACT: Sunflower is an important crop for Integrated Crop-livestock Systems (ILCS), and one of the main management difficulties identified in this crop is weed control, especially under no-till conditions when chemical weed control is not allowed. Therefore, the aim of this research was to evaluate the effect of greater sunflower population density on weed control, and its impact on sunflower yield, in an ILCS with eucalyptus in an Environmental Protection Area. Two population densities were tested (45 and 90 thousand pl. ha-1) in two crop systems (sunflower monoculture and sunflower-eucalyptus integration). An additional treatment was provided in the sunflower-eucalyptus integration, and 5 positions (2,4; 4,8; 7,2; 9,6; and 12 m) between the tree rows were evaluated. In a randomized block design, with eight repetitions, weed density and weed dry matter were determined at 40, 70 and 100 days after crop emergence. Also, phytosociological indices were calculated. The following yield components were evaluated: head diameter, number of achenes per head, and 1000-achene weight. There was lower weed infestation on the high density treatment in both systems. There was no difference of weed occurrence in the 5 positions between the tree rows. Sunflower yield was higher in the greatest population density in both systems. Increasing population density in sunflower crop is a practicable management to control weeds and to gain higher yield under free-herbicide conditions.

scholarly journals Biomass and phosphorus content in giant bamboo cuttings influenced by phosphate fertilization

2019 ◽  
pp. 412
Author(s):  
Felipe Antico Dunaiski ◽  
Volnei Pauletti ◽  
Antônio Carlos Vargas Motta ◽  
Lenir Fátima Gotz
Keyword(s):  
Construction Material ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
P Content ◽  
Phosphate Fertilization ◽  
Wide Availability ◽  
Leaves And Roots ◽  
Mass Level

Dendrocalamus asper, known as giant bamboo or bamboo-bucket, has been used as a substitute for wood and fiber, due mainly to its wide availability, rapid growth rate, short cycle and traditional use as construction material. In general, its cultivation is carried out on phosphorus-deficient soils, using vegetative propagation, mainly from cuttings. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of fertilization with phosphorus doses on the biomass allocation in roots, leaves and stems and on the level and content of P in leaves and roots of bamboo cuttings. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, using soil with low P content (2.4 mg dm-3). The treatments consisted of six doses of phosphorus (0, 20, 40, 80, 160 e 320 kg ha-1 of P2O5). The experimental design was a randomized block design, with five replications. After 90 days, the seedlings were collected and evaluated the following variables: dry mass of roots, leaves, stems and total dry mass, level and P content in leaves and roots. Phosphate fertilization promoted greater development of the cuttings and resulted in higher content of P. In general, the species D. asper responds positively to phosphate fertilization.

scholarly journals Residual effect of different sources of nutrients on P content in maize at different growth stages in rice fallow maize cropping system

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-90
Author(s):  
Mohana Rao Puli ◽  
P.R.K. Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Maize Crop ◽  
Green Manuring ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
P Content ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
Different Growth Stages

A Doctoral Research was conducted for two consecutive years (2011-2012 and 2012-2013) on fine texture soils of agricultural college farm, Bapatla to find out the residual effect of different sources of nutrients applied to preceding rice on P content in maize at different growth stages. The experiment was laidout in a Randomized Block Design in Kharif season with four treatments. The treatments consisted of M1 (RDF - Control), M2 (10t FYM ha-1 + RDF), M3 (1.5t vermicompost ha-1 + RDF), M4 (Green manuring + RDF). During the immediate Rabi, the experiment was laid out in a split-plot design without disturbing the soil for succeeding maize with the four treatments given to Kharif rice as main plot treatments and each of these divided into five sub-plots to receive five levels of fertilizer NPK application viz., N1 - 75%NPK, N2 - 100% NPK, N3 - 125% NPK, N4 - 150% NPK and N5 - 175% NPK for succeeding maize. Data collected on P content in maize at different growth stages was significantly increased with the application of 100% NPK in combination with FYM @10t ha-1 to preceding rice crop, irrespective of the NPK levels applied to succeeding maize crop. However, it was on par with that of green manuring together with 100% NPK during both the years of the study.

scholarly journals Phytomass accumulation and mineral composition of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) under salt stress and phosphate fertilization

2019 ◽  
pp. 1149-1154
Author(s):  
Francisco Vanies da Silva Sá ◽  
Miguel Ferreira Neto ◽  
Yuri Bezerra de Lima ◽  
Emanoela Pereira de Paiva ◽  
Ana Cláudia da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Mineral Composition ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Phosphate Fertilizer ◽  
Recommended Dose ◽  
Saline Stress ◽  
Sodium Accumulation ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Phosphate Fertilization

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of irrigation with saline water and phosphate fertilization on phytomass accumulation and tissue mineral composition of cowpea shoots. The research was carried out in a greenhouse utilizing randomized block design in a 5 x 3 factorial scheme consisting of five levels salinity of irrigation water (0.5 as control, 1.5, 2.5 3.5 and 4.5 dS m-1) and three doses of P2O5- (60, 100 and 140% from a recommended dose of 60 kg P2O5- ha-1), with 5 replicates. The plants were grown in pots up to flowering and then phytomass accumulation and mineral composition of cowpea (indicate cultivar name) shoot were measured. Irrigation with saline water from 0.8 dS m-1 reduced phytomass accumulation and mineral composition of cowpea plants, making the plants to be considered moderately tolerant up to EC 2.5 dS m-1. The 40% increase in recommended phosphorus dose promotes high iron and copper accumulations and, less sodium accumulation into tissues of cowpea shoot as influenced by saline stress. 60% reduction of the recommended dose of phosphate fertilizer increased the manganese and zinc accumulation of tissues of cowpea shoot under salt stress.

scholarly journals Yield of castor bean fertilized with sewage sludge and potassium and magnesium sulphate

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 773-779 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thâmara F. M. Cavalcanti ◽  
Geraldo R. Zuba ◽  
Regynaldo A. Sampaio ◽  
João P. Carneiro ◽  
Ely S. A. de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Castor Bean ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Additional Treatment ◽  
Iron Copper ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
N Requirement ◽  
Bean Leaves

<title>ABSTRACT</title><p>The aim of this study was to evaluate the yield and nutrition of castor bean in response to fertilization with sewage sludge and potassium (K) and magnesium (Mg) sulphate. The experiment was carried out from January to July 2011. The treatments, in a randomized block design with three replicates, in a Nitosol, corresponded to a factorial scheme (2 x 4 +1): two doses of K and Mg sulphate combined with four doses of sewage sludge (0, 2.60, 5.20 and 10.40 t ha<sup>-1</sup>, dry basis), applied based on its nitrogen (N) content and the N requirement for the crop and an additional treatment with NPK. The castor bean grain yield fertilized with sewage sludge did not differ from conventional fertilization, with the maximum value achieved at a dose of 7.5 t ha<sup>-1</sup> of sewage sludge. The fertilization with sewage sludge increased zinc and copper levels in the soil to values close to or higher than those in conventional fertilization, without any influence on the concentrations in the leaf. Fertilization with K and Mg sulphate increased the levels of these cations in the soil without affecting the concentrations in the leaves. The fertilization with sewage sludge increased the contents of organic matter, sulfur, zinc, iron, copper and boron in the soil, and manganese and boron in castor bean leaves.</p>

scholarly journals Fertigation of ‘BRS Princesa’ banana with humic substance and saponin-based plant extracts

Revista CERES ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 392-398
Author(s):  
Diego Magalhães de Melo* ◽  
Eugênio Ferreira Coelho ◽  
Raul Castro Carriello Rosa ◽  
Ana Lucia Borges ◽  
Djalma Barbosa dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Humic Substances ◽  
Humic Substance ◽  
Plant Extract ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Fulvic Acids ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Banana Cultivar

ABSTRACT The use of humic substances and plant extract has been increasing mainly in organic crop systems without scientific-based recommendations. Research is necessary to evaluate the feasibility and the recommendations of these substances. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of humic substances (humic and fulvic acids) applied by fertigation with and without saponin-based plant extracts on growth and yield of ‘BRS Princesa’ banana. The experiment was carried out using the banana cultivar ‘BRS Princesa’, at a spacing of 2.0 × 2.5 m, fertigated by drip irrigation in a Dystric Densic Xantic Ferralsol, at the Recôncavo da Bahia, Brazil. Treatments consisted of five doses of humic substances (0.0; 70; 105; 140, and 210 L ha-1cycle-1) applied with and without a saponin-based plant extract in a randomized block design in split-plot scheme. The following growth variables were evaluated: number of leaves, pseudostem height, pseudostem diameter, and length and width of the third leaf. The number of fruits/hand and hands/bunch, hand and bunch yield, and length and fruit diameter of the second central hand were evaluated during harvest. The doses of humic substances influenced only pseudostem height. Hand yield, as well as fruit length and diameter of ‘BRS Princesa’ banana were higher in plants fertigated with humic substance and plant extract in comparison with plants fertigated with only humic substance.

scholarly journals Cycle pruning programmed on the grain yield of arabica coffee

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Corona Baitelle ◽  
Abraão Carlos Verdin Filho ◽  
Sílvio de Jesus Freitas ◽  
Guilherme Bessa Miranda ◽  
Henrique Duarte Vieira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Additional Treatment ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Arabica Coffee ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Canopy Area ◽  
Plagiotropic Branches ◽  
Productive Development

ABSTRACT The cycle pruning programmed is a reinvigoration technique widely employed in Conilon coffee. This strategy may also be adopted for Arabica coffee to increase its crop longevity and yield. In this scenario, the present study proposes to examine the influence of the cycle pruning programmed on the vegetative and productive development of Arabica coffee. The experiment was developed in the field as a randomized-block design with four replicates. Treatments were tested in a 4 × 2 factorial arrangement consisting of four stem densities (4000, 8000, 12000 or 16000 stems ha-1) and two management strategies for the removal of plagiotropic branches (annual or biennial removal of branches which had reached 70% or more of their production capacity). For some variables, the treatments were organized as a 4 × 2 × 2 factorial arrangement in which the last factor corresponded to two regions of data collection in the plant (upper or lower). For all factorial arrangements, an additional treatment (control) was employed corresponding to traditional pruning (recepa). Annual or biennial removal of plagiotropic branches which had attained 70% or more of their production capacity can be adopted with no losses to crop yield. The cycle pruning programmed improves the distribution of branches, increases canopy area and prevents the occurrence of the “naked neck” phenomenon, observed in control treatment. Additionally, it provides better agronomic and productive performance; therefore, it can be used as a substitute for recepa.

scholarly journals Jatropha press cake as organic fertilizer in lettuce cultivation

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
pp. 1089-1094
Author(s):  
José R. Mantovani ◽  
Jéssica da S. Bernardes ◽  
Paulo R. C. Landgraf
Keyword(s):  
Soil Acidity ◽  
Press Cake ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Phosphate Fertilizer ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Organic Fertilization ◽  
Lettuce Seedling ◽  
Randomized Block Design

ABSTRACT In biodiesel production, vegetable press cake is obtained as waste, and a suitable destination for jatropha press cake would be the use in agriculture as organic fertilizer. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of jatropha press cake on soil fertility attributes and on lettuce production and accumulation of nutrients in the shoots. The experiment was conducted in pots in a greenhouse, in a randomized block design with eight treatments and five replicates. The treatments consisted of doses of jatropha press cake equivalent to 0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, 8.0, 16.0 and 32.0 t ha-1. Portions of 5.5 dm3 of soil received limestone, phosphate fertilizer and the doses of jatropha press cake, and remained incubated for 30 days. After incubation, soil samples were collected, each pot received one lettuce seedling and the experiment was carried out for 45 days. The organic fertilization with jatropha press cake increased the contents of nutrients in the soil, especially K+, but caused increment in soil acidity and electrical conductivity. The use of jatropha press cake as organic fertilizer decreased lettuce production and accumulation of nutrients in the shoots.

scholarly journals Respostas de cultivares de girassol a doses crescentes de boro na entressafra do Cerrado Tocantinense

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
A. Capone ◽  
A. S. Dario ◽  
M. Z. Menegon ◽  
R. R. Fidelis ◽  
H. B. Barros
Keyword(s):  
Boron Concentration ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Micronutrient Deficiency ◽  
Boron Deficiency ◽  
Brazilian Cerrado ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Sunflower Crop ◽  
Best Responses ◽  
Achene Production ◽  
Leaf Boron

<p class="Default">No cerrado brasileiro a deficiência de boro no solo ocorre com maior frequência. A cultura do girassol é muito sensível à deficiência deste micronutriente, além de apresentar pouca eficiência em seu aproveitamento. Neste contexto, objetivou-se com este estudo avaliar as respostas de cultivares de girassol a doses crescentes de boro no período da entressafra no cerrado tocantinense. O experimento foi conduzido em Gurupi, (TO), com sistema de plantio direto em sucessão a soja, sobre Latossolo Vermelho Amarelo distrófico. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi de blocos casualizados, com quinze tratamentos e quatro repetições. Os tratamentos foram dispostos num esquema fatorial simples 3 x 5, constituído por três cultivares de girassol (variedade Br 122, híbridos Aguará 4 e Helio 863) e cinco doses de ácido bórico (0, 1, 2, 3 e 4 kg ha<sup>-1</sup>). As características avaliadas foram: altura de planta, diâmetro da haste, diâmetro do capítulo, concentração de boro foliar, massa de mil aquênios e produtividade de aquênios. A dose de 3 kg ha<sup>-1</sup> de boro proporcionou, em sua grande maioria, as melhores respostas das cultivares Br 122, Aguará 4 e Helio 863 quanto às características avaliadas. No entanto, com esta dose, a cultivar Aguará 4 apresenta melhor aproveitamento para produção de aquênios.</p><p class="Default" align="center"><strong><em>Responses of sunflower cultivars to increasing doses of boron in the </em></strong><strong><em>between harvests the Cerrado Tocantinense</em></strong><strong><em></em></strong></p><p class="Default"><strong>Abstract</strong><strong>:</strong> In the brazilian cerrado soil boron deficiency occurs more frequently. The sunflower crop is very sensitive to this micronutrient deficiency, and have little efficiency in its use. In that context, aimed to of this study was to evaluate the response of sunflower cultivars to increasing doses of boron during the between harvests in the cerrado tocantinense. The experiment was conducted in Gurupi (TO), with no-tillages soybeans in succession on dystrophic Red Yellow Latosol. The experimental design was a randomized block design with fifteen treatments and four replications. The treatments were arranged in a factorial 3 x 5 simple, composed of three cultivars of sunflower (variety Br 122, hybrid Aguará 4 and Helio 863), and five doses of boric acid (0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 kg ha<sup>-1</sup>). The characteristics evaluated were: plant height, stem diameter, head diameter, leaf boron concentration, weight of thousand achenes and productivity achenes. The dose of 3 kg ha<sup>-1</sup> resulted boron, mostly, the best responses of the cultivars Br 122, Aguará 4 and Helio 863 on the characteristics evaluated. However, at this dose, the cultivar Aguará 4 has better use for achene production.</p><p class="Default"> </p>

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