scholarly journals OPTIMIZATION OF RED PIGMENT PRODUCTION BY MONASCUS PURPUREUS FTC 5356 USING RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farhan M. Said ◽  
Nor Farhana Binti Hamid
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Initial Moisture Content ◽  
Pigment Production ◽  
Monascus Purpureus ◽  
Red Pigment ◽  
Design Expert ◽  
Initial Ph

Factors such as environmental conditions and nutrients are significant for successful growth and reproduction of microorganisms. Manipulations of the factors are the most effective way to stimulate the growth of the microorganism, which can be used to optimize the yield of a product. In this study, Central Composite Design (CCD) of Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the production of red pigment by Monascus purpureus FTC 5356 using the petioles of oil palm fronds (OPF) as a substrate in solid state fermentation (SSF). The data was analyzed using Design Expert Software. The optimum combination predicted via RSM was confirmed through experimental work. The interactions between three variables such as initial moisture content (%), initial pH value (pH), and peptone concentration (%) were studied and modelled. The statistical analysis of the results showed that the optimal conditions for red pigment production 47 AU/g with the biomass of 425.1 mg/g was at 55% initial moisture content, 3% of peptone, and at pH 3.  The RSM results showed that the initial pH value had a significant effect on red pigment production (P-value <0.05). The validation of these results was also conducted by fermentation with predicted conditions and it was found that there was a discrepancy of 0.39% between the values of the experimental result and those of the predicted values. ABSTRAK: Keadaan persekitaran dan nutrien merupakan faktor-faktor penting dalam pertumbuhan mikroorganisma. Manipulasi faktor-faktor tersebut adalah kaedah terbaik bagi meningkatkan pertumbuhan mikroorganisma dan mengoptimumkan penghasilan produk. Kajian ini mengguna pakai Rekaan Gabungan Pusat (CCD) melalui Kaedah Tindak balas Permukaan (RSM) bagi penghasilan pigmen merah optimum oleh Monascus purpureus FTC 5356 menggunakan batang pelepah kelapa sawit (OPF) sebagai perumah dalam proses penapaian pepejal (SSF). Data telah dianalisis menggunakan perisian Design Expert. Gabungan parameter optimum seperti cadangan RSM telah disahkan secara eksperimen. Interaksi antara tiga pemboleh ubah seperti kandungan lembapan awal (%), nilai pH awal (pH), dan kepekatan pepton (%) telah dikaji dan dimodelkan. Analisis statistik menunjukkan penghasilan optimal pigmen merah adalah pada 47 AU/g dengan biomas sebanyak 425.1 mg/g, pada 55% lembapan awal, 3% pepton dan pada pH 3. Hasil keputusan RSM menunjukkan pH awal memberikan kesan signifikan kepada penghasilan pigmen merah (nilai P <0.05). Pengesahan analisis juga telah dijalankan melalui proses penapaian dan hasil ujikaji mendapati 0.39% lebih tinggi daripada nilai jangkaan.

FACTORIAL DESIGN SCREENING FOR THE RED PIGMENT PRODUCTION BY MONASCUS PURPUREUS FTC 5356

2016 ◽  
Vol 78 (11-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nor Farhana Hamid ◽  
Farhan Mohd Said
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Factorial Design ◽  
Initial Moisture Content ◽  
Inoculum Size ◽  
Pigment Production ◽  
Monascus Purpureus ◽  
P Value ◽  
Red Pigment ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Experimental Runs

Factorial design experiment was used to obtain maximum information from the least amount of experimental runs. The goal of this study was to screen the significant factors from multivariable parameters which can influence the production of red pigment by Monascus purpureus FTC 5356 under solid state fermentation (SSF) using oil palm frond (OPF). Five factors such as initial moisture content (A), nitrogen source concentration (B), percentage of OPF leaflet to petiole (C), initial pH of substrate (D), and inoculum size (E) were screened in sixteen experimental runs. To reduce cost, the feasibility of OPF as an alternative substrate was investigated. Percentage of OPF leaflet and initial pH of OPF substrate contributed significantly (P-values of 0.0121 and 0.0229, respectively). Meanwhile, other factors such as initial moisture content (P- value 0.0766) and inoculum size (P-value 0.0895) had least impact to the red pigment production

Evaluation of heterogeneous photo-Fenton oxidation of Orange II using response surface methodology

2010 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 1320-1326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. H. Gong ◽  
H. Zhang ◽  
Y. L. Li ◽  
L. J. Xiang ◽  
S. Royer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Heterogeneous Catalyst ◽  
Uv Irradiation ◽  
Heterogeneous Catalysts ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Dye Degradation ◽  
High Catalytic Activity ◽  
Orange Ii ◽  
Initial Ph

A mesoporous SBA-15 doped iron oxide (Fe2O3/SBA-15) was synthesized by co-codensation, characterized and used as heterogeneous catalysts for the photo-Fenton decolorization of azo dye Orange II under UV irradiation. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to investigate operating condition effects, such as hydrogen peroxide concentration, initial pH and catalyst loadings, on the decolorization rate. UV irradiation is found to enhance the activity of the catalyst in the process. RSM analysis evidenced the influence of the initial pH value and H2O2 concentration on the dye degradation rate. The coupled UV/Fe2O3/SBA-15/H2O2 process at room temperature is revealed as a promising friendly process for wastewater treatment. Indeed, the use of a heterogeneous catalyst allows an easy active phase recycling without multi-step recovering while the heterogeneous catalyst used here exhibits high catalytic activity for the reaction considered.

A Thermomechanical Preprocessing for Pectin Isolation from Orange Peel with Optimisation by Response Surface Methodology

2008 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sid-Ahmed Rezzoug ◽  
Zoulikha Maache-Rezzoug ◽  
Frédéric Sannier ◽  
Karim Allaf
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Processing Time ◽  
Initial Moisture Content ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Orange Peel ◽  
Response Surfaces ◽  
Acid Extraction ◽  
Pre Treatment

The instantaneous controlled pressure drop process (or D.I.C process: ``Détente Instantanée Contrôlée") was used as a pre-treatment prior to pectin acid extraction from orange peel. This process involves subjecting the orange peel for a short time to steam pressure varying from 100 to 700 kPa, followed by an instantaneous decompression to vacuum at 5 kPa. Effects of processing pressure, moisture content of peels before the thermomechanical treatment and processing time were examined with response surface methodology. The optimal conditions were determined and the response surfaces were plotted from the mathematical models. The Fisher test and p-value indicated that both processing pressure and moisture content of peels before the pre-treatment had a highly significant effect on the pectin yield. The quadratic effect of processing pressure as well as the interaction effects of the initial moisture content and processing time also had a significant effect on the response. Moreover, the kinetics of pectin extraction showed that after few minutes of hydrolysis, the yields of pectin were systematically higher than that of the control sample and this is important from industrial point of view because the hydrolysis of pectin is generally performed in 10-15 minutes.

Optimum Conditions of Ag/BiVO4 Photocatalytic Performance on Degradation of Paracetamol by Response Surface Methodology

2014 ◽  
Vol 1073-1076 ◽  
pp. 336-339
Author(s):  
Tian Qi Li ◽  
Hui Wang ◽  
Ya Qi Zhu ◽  
Zhao Yong Bian
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Visible Light ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Visible Light Irradiation ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Light Irradiation ◽  
Catalyst Loading ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Ag Catalyst

Response surface methodology was applied to investigate the optimum degradation conditions of paracetamol using Ag/BiVO4 photocatalysts under the visible light irradiation. Experimental results show that the optimum degradation conditions were: catalyst dosage quantity was 80 mg, Ag-catalyst loading was 5%, and the initial pH value of the solution was 6, respectively. Under this condition, the degradation efficiency of paracetamol was 77.9% within 5 h under the visible light irradiation.

scholarly journals Application of response surface methodology for optimization of oxytetracycline hydrochloride degradation using hydrogen peroxide/polystyrene-supported iron phthalocyanine oxidation process

2020 ◽  
Vol 81 (6) ◽  
pp. 1308-1318
Author(s):  
Yue Sun ◽  
Xinlei Feng ◽  
Shun Fu
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Axial Ligand ◽  
Active Species ◽  
Iron Phthalocyanine ◽  
Paramagnetic Resonance ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Novel Catalyst

Abstract Inspired by metalloporphyrin-based enzymes, a biomimetic catalyst, R-N-Fe, was prepared by grafting iron phthalocyanine (FePc) covalently onto a macroporous chloromethylated polystyrene-divinylbenzene resin (R), which was pre-functionalized using 4-aminopyridine (4-ampy) as an axial ligand. The novel catalyst was used for the degradation of oxytetracycline hydrochloride (OTCH). The response surface methodology was employed to optimize the independent operating parameters, including temperature, catalyst amount, H2O2 dosage, and initial pH value. The results displayed that the initial pH and temperature had the most significant effect on the removal efficiency. Under optimum conditions, the OTCH removal efficiency was 93.98%. Additionally, the classical quenching experiment and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) test indicated that R-N-Fe could generate hydroxyl radicals by decomposing H2O2, which was the main active species for eliminating OTCH. Furthermore, R-N-Fe can be easily recycled and can maintain high stability in the reusability test, rendering it a good potential for practical application.

scholarly journals Application of the Response Surface Methodology for Designing Oscillation Drying of Beech Timber

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 541
Author(s):  
Jerzy Majka ◽  
Wiesław Olek
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Maximum Rate ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Initial Moisture Content ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Flux Change ◽  
Moisture Content Gradient

Oscillation drying is one of the possible approaches for reducing drying time and limiting drying defects of hardwood timber. This study aimed to design oscillation-drying schedules for beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) timber using the response surface methodology (RSM) and to develop an empirical model describing relationships between drying time, drying rate, moisture content gradient after drying, and the parameters of oscillation drying, i.e., dry-bulb temperature increase, equilibrium moisture content (EMC) decrease, and the duration of phase #1 in the drying schedule. The design employed 8 unique drying schedules for which early stage of drying was studied. The Gompertz model was used to describe the change in moisture flux as a function of moisture content, with estimated parameters of the model used to determine relations between the maximum flux at the initial moisture content, the maximum rate of flux change, and the critical moisture content for the maximum rate of flux change for each oscillation-drying schedule. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that the decrease in EMC was the only factor significantly influencing oscillation drying. For the most intense oscillation-drying schedule, maximum moisture flow was ca. 75% higher compared with the control drying schedule. Drying processes that accounted for a decrease of EMC from 15% to 12% were characterized by significantly shorter drying time (by 35.8%), 52.6% higher drying intensity, and ca. two times larger moisture content gradient. These results confirm theoretical findings relating the increase of oscillation-drying intensity with the difference in wet-bulb temperature between phases of the drying processes.

scholarly journals Assessment of TiO2 Nanoconcentration and Twin Impingement Jet of Heat Transfer Enhancement—A Statistical Approach Using Response Surface Methodology

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 595
Author(s):  
Mahir Faris Abdullah ◽  
Rozli Zulkifli ◽  
Hazim Moria ◽  
Asmaa Soheil Najm ◽  
Zambri Harun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Heat Transfer Rate ◽  
Transfer Rate ◽  
Tio2 Nanoparticle ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Improvement Rate ◽  
Design Expert ◽  
Impingement Jet

Impinging jets are considered to be a well-known technique that offers high local heat transfer rates. No correlation could be established in the literature between the significant parameters and the Nusselt number, and investigation of the interactions between the correlated factors has not been conducted before. An experimental analysis based on the twin impingement jet mechanism was achieved to study the heat transfer rate pertaining to the surface plate. In the current paper, four influential parameters were studied: the spacing between nozzles, velocity, concentration of Nano solution coating and nozzle-plate distance, which are considered to be effective parameters for the thermal conductivity and the heat transfer coefficient of TiO2 nanoparticle, an X-ray diffraction (XRD) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) analysis were done, which highlighted the structure and showed that the nanosolution coated the surface homogenously. Moreover, a comparison was done for the experimental results with that of the predicted responses generated by the Design Expert software, Version 7 User’s Guide, USA. A response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to improve a mathematical model by accounting for a D-optimal design. In addition, the analysis of variance (ANOVA) was employed for testing the significance of the models. The maximum Nu of 91.47, where H = S = 1 cm; Reynolds number of 17,000, and TiO2 nanoparticle concentration of 0.5% M. The highest improvement rate in Nusselt was about 26%, achieved with TiO2 Nanoparticle, when S = 3 cm, H = 6 cm and TiO2 nanoparticle = 0.5 M. Furthermore, based on the statistical analysis, the expected values were found to be in satisfactory agreement with that of the empirical data, which was conducted by accounting for the proposed models’ excellent predictability. Multivariate approaches are very useful for researchers, as well as for applications in industrial processes, as they lead to increased efficiency and reduced costs, so the presented results of this work could encourage the overall uses of multivariate methods in these fields. Hypotheses: A comparison was done for the predicted responses generated by the Design Expert software with the experimental results and then studied to verify the following hypotheses: ► Preparation of three concentrations of TiO2 nanosolution was done and studied. ► The heat transfer rate could be increased by surface coating with TiO2 nanoparticle. ► The heat transfer could be improved by the impingement jet technique with suitable adjustments.

Electrocoagulation and nanofiltration integrated process application in purification of bilge water using response surface methodology

2016 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 564-579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ceyhun Akarsu ◽  
Yasin Ozay ◽  
Nadir Dizge ◽  
H. Elif Gulsen ◽  
Hasan Ates ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Cod Removal ◽  
Positive Sign ◽  
Aluminum Electrode ◽  
Integrated Process ◽  
Bilge Water ◽  
Cod Removal Efficiency ◽  
Initial Ph

Marine pollution has been considered an increasing problem because of the increase in sea transportation day by day. Therefore, a large volume of bilge water which contains petroleum, oil and hydrocarbons in high concentrations is generated from all types of ships. In this study, treatment of bilge water by electrocoagulation/electroflotation and nanofiltration integrated process is investigated as a function of voltage, time, and initial pH with aluminum electrode as both anode and cathode. Moreover, a commercial NF270 flat-sheet membrane was also used for further purification. Box–Behnken design combined with response surface methodology was used to study the response pattern and determine the optimum conditions for maximum chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal and minimum metal ion contents of bilge water. Three independent variables, namely voltage (5–15 V), initial pH (4.5–8.0) and time (30–90 min) were transformed to coded values. The COD removal percent, UV absorbance at 254 nm, pH value (after treatment), and concentration of metal ions (Ti, As, Cu, Cr, Zn, Sr, Mo) were obtained as responses. Analysis of variance results showed that all the models were significant except for Zn (P &gt; 0.05), because the calculated F values for these models were less than the critical F value for the considered probability (P = 0.05). The obtained R2 and Radj2 values signified the correlation between the experimental data and predicted responses: except for the model of Zn concentration after treatment, the high R2 values showed the goodness of fit of the model. While the increase in the applied voltage showed negative effects, the increases in time and pH showed a positive effect on COD removal efficiency; also the most effective linear term was found as time. A positive sign of the interactive coefficients of the voltage–time and pH–time systems indicated synergistic effect on COD removal efficiency, whereas interaction between voltage and pH showed an antagonistic effect.

Optimization of the Fermentation Conditions for 1-Deoxynojirimycin Production by Streptomyces lawendulae Applying the Response Surface Methodology

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhao-Jun Wei ◽  
Le-Chun Zhou ◽  
Hua Chen ◽  
Gui-Hai Chen
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Ultra Violet ◽  
Soluble Starch ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Yield Strain ◽  
Fermentation Time ◽  
Ethyl Sulfate ◽  
Initial Ph

Moranoline (1-Deoxynojirimycin, DNJ) is a piperidine alkaloid, and shows high inhibit activities to glucoamylase and ?-glucosidase. One DNJ high-yield strain of Streptomyces lawendulae was obtained after isolated form soil and mutated with the ultra violet (UV) and ethyl sulfate (DES), which named as TB-412, and can produce DNJ with 35.925 mg/L. Response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to optimize the parameters of DNJ yield from S. lawendulae TB-412. The effects of independent variables of fermentation, including time, temperature, initial pH and the soluble starch content were investigated. The statistical analysis showed that the fermentation time, pH and the soluble starch content, and the quadratics of time, temperature, pH and the soluble starch content, as well as the interactions between fermentation time and pH, and time and the soluble starch content, showed significant effects on DNJ yield. The optimal process parameters for DNJ production within the experimental range of the variables researched was at 11d, 27 °C, pH 7.5, and 8% soluble starch content. At this condition, the DNJ yield was predicted to be 42.875 mg/L.

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