Application Timing of Lactofen for Broadleaf Weed Control in Peanut (Arachis hypogaea)

1993 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
David L. Jordan ◽  
John W. Wilcut ◽  
Charles W. Swann
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Application Timing ◽  
Common Lambsquarters ◽  
Nitrobenzoic Acid ◽  
Eclipta Prostrata ◽  
Sida Spinosa ◽  
Prickly Sida ◽  
Herbicide Programs

Abstract Field experiments compared single and sequential applications of lactofen {+-2-ethoxy-1-methyl-2-oxoethyl 5-[2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]-2-nitrobenzoate} to the standard herbicide programs of alachlor [2-chloro-N-2,6-diethylphenyl)-N-(methoxymethyl)-acetamide] + paraquat (1,11-dimethyl-4,41-bipyridinium ion) and acifluorfen {5-[2-chloro-4-(trifluromethyl)phenoxy]-2-nitrobenzoic acid} + bentazon {3-(1-methyl-ethyl)-1H-2,1,3-benzothiadiazon-4(3H) 2,2-dioxide} for broadleaf weed control. A single late postemergence (LPOST) application of lactofen controlled morningglory species (Ipomoea spp.) and prickly sida (Sida spinosa L.) as well as lactofen applied early POST (EPOST) and LPOST. Lactofen applied sequentially at groundcracking (GC) and EPOST provided greater and/or more consistent control of common lambsquarters (Chenopodium album L.) and prickly sida than alachlor+paraquat applied GC or acifluorfen+bentazon applied LPOST. Ipomoea spp. control was less with a single LPOST application of lactofen than with acifluorfen+bentazon applied LPOST in 1988. Eclipta (Eclipta prostrata L.) was controlled with single or sequential lactofen applications and with acifluorfen+bentazon applied LPOST. Peanut yield was greater when lactofen was applied at GC followed by an EPOST application compared with a single application of lactofen applied LPOST, acifluorfen+ bentazon applied LPOST, or alachlor+paraquat applied GC.

Imazethapyr for Broadleaf Weed Control in Peanuts (Arachis hypogaea)

1991 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
John W. Wilcut ◽  
F. Robert Walls ◽  
David N. Horton
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Complete Control ◽  
Pyridine Carboxylic Acid ◽  
Eclipta Prostrata ◽  
Pyridine Carboxylic ◽  
Sida Spinosa ◽  
Prickly Sida ◽  
Anoda Cristata

Abstract Field experiments were conducted at the Tidewater Agric. Exp. Station, Suffolk, VA in 1988 and 1989 to evaluate imazethapyr [(±)-2-[4,5-dihydro-4-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)-5-oxo-1H-imidazol-2-yl]-5-ethyl-3-pyridine-carboxylic acid]for broadleaf weed control in peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.). Imazethapyr was applied preplant-incorporated (PPI), preemergence (PRE), at ground-cracking (GC), and postemergence (POT) at rates of 0.036, 0.071, or 0.105 kg ai ha-1. Several sequential imazathapyr systems were also included. The standard of pendimethalin (N-ethylpropyl)-3, 4-dimethyl-2,6-dinitrobenzenamine) PPI, metolachlor(2-chloro-N-(2-ethyl-6-methylphenyl)-N-(2-methoxy-1-methylethyl)acetamide) PRE, and acifluorfen (5-[2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]-2-nitrobenzoic acid) plus bentazon (3-(1-methyethyl)-(1H)-2,1,3-benzothiadiazin-4(3H)-one 2, 2-dioxide) POT was included for comparative purposes. Imazethapyr applied either PPI or PRE at 0.071 or 0.105 kg ha-1 provided <90% spurred anoda (Anoda cristata (L.) Schlecht.), control and <96% prickly sida (Sida spinosa L.), control. Eclipta (Eclipta prostrata L.) control was 95% when imazathapyr was applied PRE at 0.105 kg ha-1. Greater than 90% annual morningglory (Ipomoea spp.) control was only achieved with imazethapyr applied PPI or PRE at 0.105 kg ha-1. The standard provided complete control of eclipta, and 51%, 92%, and 94% control of spurred anoda (Anoda cristata (L.) Schlecht.), prickly sida (Sida spinosa L.), and annual morningglories, respectively. Several imazethapyr systems yielded equivalent to the standard. Averaged across all rates, imazathapyr applied PPI yielded 4110 kg ha-1, PRE = 3860 kg ha-1, GC = 3680 kg ha-1, and POT = 3370 kg ha-1. Several imazethapyr systems provided net returns equivalent to the standard. Corn grown the following year was not injured by any imazethapyr treatment to peanuts the previous year.

Weed Management in Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) with Diclosulam Preemergence

1999 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 450-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
William A. Bailey ◽  
John W. Wilcut ◽  
David L. Jordan ◽  
Charles W. Swann ◽  
Vernon B. Langston
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Ipomoea Hederacea ◽  
Ipomoea Lacunosa ◽  
Common Lambsquarters ◽  
Eclipta Prostrata ◽  
Sida Spinosa ◽  
Prickly Sida

Field studies were conducted at five locations in North Carolina and Virginia in 1996 and 1997 to evaluate weed control and peanut (Arachis hypogaea) response to diclosulam that was applied preemergence (PRE) and in systems with commercial standards. All plots received a preplant incorporated (PPI) treatment of ethalfluralin at 840 g ai/ha. Diclosulam controlled common lambsquarters (Chenopodium albumL.), eclipta (Eclipta prostrataL.), entireleaf morningglory (Ipomoea hederaceavar.integriusculaGray), ivyleaf morningglory [Ipomoea hederacea(L.) Jacq.], pitted morningglory (Ipomoea lacunosaL.), and prickly sida (Sida spinosaL.) as well as and frequently better than the commercial standards of acifluorfen plus bentazon applied postemergence (POST), paraquat plus bentazon early POST followed by (fb) imazapic POST, or imazapic POST. Systems with ethalfluralin PPI plus diclosulam PRE at 26 g ai/ha fb acifluorfen plus bentazon POST controlled a broader spectrum of weeds and yielded greater than systems of ethalfluralin PPI fb imazapic POST or ethalfluralin PPI fb acifluorfen plus bentazon POST. Peanut exhibited excellent tolerance to diclosulam PRE at 17, 26, or 35 g/ha.

Response of Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) and Selected Weeds to Diclosulam

1999 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 771-776 ◽  
Author(s):  
William A. Bailey ◽  
John W. Wilcut ◽  
David L. Jordan ◽  
Charles W. Swann ◽  
Vernon B. Langston
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Common Lambsquarters ◽  
Eclipta Prostrata ◽  
Pitted Morningglory ◽  
Sida Spinosa ◽  
Prickly Sida ◽  
Better Than

Field studies were conducted at five locations in North Carolina and Virginia during 1996 and 1997 to evaluate weed control, peanut (Arachis hypogaea) response, and peanut yield following diclosulam applied preplant incorporated (PPI) and in systems with commercial herbicide standards. All plots received a PPI treatment of ethalfluralin at 840 g ai/ha. Ethalfluralin plus diclosulam controlled entireleaf morningglory (Ipomoea hederaceavar.integriuscula), ivyleaf morningglory (I. hederacea), pitted morningglory (I. lacunosa), common lambsquarters (Chenopodium album), eclipta (Eclipta prostrata), and prickly sida (Sida spinosa) as well as and frequently better than ethalfluralin PPI followed by (fb) acifluorfen plus bentazon postemergence (POST), paraquat plus bentazon early postemergence (EPOST) fb imazapic POST, or imazapic POST. Systems with ethalfluralin plus diclosulam PPI at 26 g ai/ha fb acifluorfen plus bentazon POST controlled a broader spectrum of weeds and yielded greater than systems of ethalfluralin PPI fb imazapic POST or ethalfluralin PPI fb acifluorfen plus bentazon POST. Peanut exhibited excellent tolerance to diclosulam PPI at 17, 26, or 35 g/ha.

Annual weed management in isoxaflutole-resistant soybean using a two-pass weed control strategy

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (03) ◽  
pp. 411-425
Author(s):  
Andrea Smith ◽  
Nader Soltani ◽  
Allan J. Kaastra ◽  
David C. Hooker ◽  
Darren E. Robinson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Annual Grass ◽  
Common Lambsquarters ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
The One ◽  
Herbicide Programs

AbstractTransgenic crops are being developed with herbicide resistance traits to expand innovative weed management solutions for crop producers. Soybean with traits that confer resistance to the hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase herbicide isoxaflutole is under development and will provide a novel herbicide mode of action for weed management in soybean. Ten field experiments were conducted over 2 years (2017 and 2018) on five soil textures with isoxaflutole-resistant soybean to evaluate annual weed control using one- and two-pass herbicide programs. The one-pass weed control programs included isoxaflutole plus metribuzin, applied PRE, at a low rate (52.5 + 210 g ai ha−1), medium rate (79 + 316 g ai ha−1), and high rate (105 + 420 g ai ha−1); and glyphosate applied early postemergence (EPOST) or late postemergence (LPOST). The two-pass weed control programs included isoxaflutole plus metribuzin, applied PRE, followed by glyphosate applied LPOST, and glyphosate applied EPOST followed by LPOST. At 4 weeks after the LPOST application, control of common lambsquarters, pigweed species, common ragweed, and velvetleaf was variable at 25% to 69%, 49% to 86%, and 71% to 95% at the low, medium, and high rates of isoxaflutole plus metribuzin, respectively. Isoxaflutole plus metribuzin at the low, medium, and high rates controlled grass species evaluated (i.e., barnyardgrass, foxtail, crabgrass, and witchgrass) 85% to 97%, 75% to 99%, and 86% to 100%, respectively. All two-pass weed management programs provided 98% to 100% control of all species. Weed control improved as the rate of isoxaflutole plus metribuzin increased. Two-pass programs provided excellent, full-season annual grass and broadleaf weed control in isoxaflutole-resistant soybean.

Snap Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) and Common Lambsquarters (Chenopodium album) Response to Acifluorfen

1987 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry P. Wilson ◽  
Thomas E. Hines
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Early Application ◽  
Snap Bean ◽  
Application Timing ◽  
Common Lambsquarters ◽  
Leaf Stage ◽  
Nitrobenzoic Acid ◽  
Snap Beans

Field studies were conducted for 3 yr to determine the foliar activity of acifluorfen {5-[2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]-2-nitrobenzoic acid} for control of common lambsquarters (Chenopodium albumL. # CHEAL) in snap beans (Phaseolus vulgarisL. ‘Provider’ in 1983 and 1985 and ‘Green Crop’ in 1984). Control of 1 to 7 cm tall common lambsquarters varied between 75 and 100% with 0.28 kg ai/ha acifluorfen and frequently increased linearly with increases in acifluorfen rates to 0.84 kg/ha. Snap bean injury occurred each year and in 1985 was influenced by acifluorfen rate, stage of snap bean growth, and surfactant. Snap bean yields in 1983 were reduced linearly with increases in acifluorfen rates and in 1985 were reduced more from applications at the 1- to 2-trifoliolate leaf stage than at the 4- to 8-trifoliolate leaf stage. In the greenhouse, reductions in snap bean height from acifluorfen were related to application timing, surfactant and cultivar. Fresh weight reduction of snap beans was highest with the cultivar ‘Green Crop’ but was increased to both cultivars by early application timing and the addition of surfactant to the spray mix.

Weed management in bromoxynil-resistantGossypium hirsutum

Weed Science ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 596-601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary D. Paulsgrove ◽  
John W. Wilcut
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Gossypium Hirsutum ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Cassia Occidentalis ◽  
Common Lambsquarters ◽  
Sida Spinosa ◽  
Prickly Sida ◽  
Anoda Cristata

An experiment was conducted at two locations in Georgia and two locations in North Carolina during 1994 and 1995 to evaluate weed management in conventional-tillage bromoxynil-resistantGossypium hirsutumL. (cotton). The weed management systems evaluated included different combinations of fluometuron preemergence (PRE), bromoxynil or bromoxynil plus MSMA early postemergence (EPOST), bromoxynil postemergence (POST), and cyanazine plus MSMA late post-directed (LAYBY). Fluometuron PRE improved control ofAcanthospermum hisptdiumDC. (bristly starbur),Cassia occidentalisL. (coffee senna),Chenopodium albumL. (common lambsquarters),Desmodium tortuosum(Sw.) DC. (Florida beggarweed),Sida spinosaL. (prickly sida),Jacquemontia tamnifolia(L.) Griseb. (smallflower morningglory), andAnoda cristata(L.) Schlecht. (spurred anoda), compared to system that did not use fluometuron PRE. It also improvedG. hirsutumyields at three four locations. Bromoxynil-containing systems provided better weed control and higherG. hirsutumyields than systems without bromoxynil. Bromoxynil EPOST controlledA. hispidium, C. occidentalis, C. album, D. tortuosum, S. spinosa, J. tamnifolia, andA. cristata.Control of these species was frequently improved by a second application of bromoxynil POST. Bromoxynil EPOST, POST, or EPOST plus POST did not controlSenna obtusifolia(L.) Irwin and Barneby (sicklepod), but the addition of MSMA to bromoxynil EPOST improvedS. obtusifoliacontrol. Control of all dicotyledonous weeds was improved by a LAYBY treatment of cyanazine plus MSMA, and yields were improved at three of four locations with this treatment.Gossypium hirsutumwas not injured by POST treatments of bromoxynil, and only temporary injury resulted from POST treatments of MSMA.

Evaluation of Application Program and Timing in Herbicide-Resistant Corn

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 617-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura E. Lindsey ◽  
Wesley J. Everman ◽  
Andrew J. Chomas ◽  
James J. Kells
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Application Timing ◽  
Common Lambsquarters ◽  
Giant Foxtail ◽  
Residual Herbicide ◽  
Herbicide Programs ◽  
Corn Grain ◽  
Corn Grain Yield

Field studies were conducted from 2007 to 2009 in East Lansing, MI to evaluate three residual herbicide programs, three POST herbicide application timings, and two POST herbicides in glyphosate- and glufosinate-resistant corn. Herbicide programs included a residual PRE-applied herbicide followed by (fb) POST application (residual fb POST), a residual herbicide tank-mixed with a POST herbicide (residual + POST), and a nonresidual POST. Three POST herbicide application timings included early POST (EP), mid-POST (MP), and late POST (LP) at an average corn growth stage of V3/V4, V4/V5, and V5/V6, respectively. The two POST herbicides evaluated were glyphosate and glufosinate. Control of common lambsquarters and giant foxtail was evaluated 28 d after the LP application. Glyphosate often provided greater weed control than glufosinate. The LP application resulted in greater giant foxtail control compared with the EP application timing, which may be attributed to control of late-emerging weeds. The EP application timing improved common lambsquarters control compared with the LP application timing. The residual + POST program resulted in greater weed control compared with the residual fb POST program in all years. The effect of residual herbicide program, POST herbicide, and POST application timing on corn grain yield varied by year. In 2007, the use of glyphosate resulted in higher grain yield compared with glufosinate. In 2008, corn grain yield was the highest in the PRE fb POST program and with POST applications at EP and MP. To provide the most consistent weed control and minimize the likelihood of grain yield reductions, a PRE fb POST program applied at EP or MP is recommended.

Weed Management in Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) with Flumioxazin Preemergence

1999 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 594-598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shawn D. Askew ◽  
John W. Wilcut ◽  
John R. Cranmer
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Cyperus Esculentus ◽  
Common Lambsquarters ◽  
Yellow Nutsedge ◽  
Pitted Morningglory ◽  
Sida Spinosa ◽  
Prickly Sida ◽  
And Control

Flumioxazin plus metolachlor mixtures preemergence (PRE) were evaluated with or without postemergence (POST) herbicides for weed control and peanut (Arachis hypogaea) response in three North Carolina studies. Metolachlor PRE at 2.24 kg ai/ha controlled goosegrass (Eleusine indica) and yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus) 93 and 80%, respectively, and control was not improved with flumioxazin or norflurazon. Metolachlor plus flumioxazin PRE at 0.07 or 0.11 kg ai/ha controlled common lambsquarters (Chenopodium album); entireleaf (Ipomoea hederaceavar.integriuscula), ivyleaf (I. hederacea), and pitted morningglory (I. lacunosa); and prickly sida (Sida spinosa) better than metolachlor plus norflurazon PRE at 1.34 kg ai/ha. Morningglories (Ipomoeaspp.) were controlled 77 and 86% with flumioxazin PRE at 0.07 and 0.11 kg/ha, respectively, and control was increased to nearly 100% with acifluorfen plus 2,4-DB or lactofen plus 2,4-DB POST. Peanut injury by flumioxazin and norflurazon was observed at one location in 1997; however, yields were not reduced. Peanut treated with metolachlor plus flumioxazin PRE at either rate yielded at least 3,750 kg/ha compared to 3,120 kg/ha with metolachlor plus norflurazon PRE or 1,320 kg/ha with metolachlor PRE.

Weed Control in Glyphosate-Resistant Corn as Affected by Preemergence Herbicide and Timing of Postemergence Herbicide Application

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 564-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert G. Parker ◽  
Alan C. York ◽  
David L. Jordan
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Application Timing ◽  
Common Lambsquarters ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Prickly Sida ◽  
Smooth Pigweed ◽  
Or Applications

Field studies were conducted at three locations during both 2002 and 2003 to evaluate weed control and response of glyphosate-resistant (GR) corn to glyphosate or nicosulfuron plus atrazine applied POST at three application timings with and without alachlor plus atrazine applied PRE. The POST herbicides were applied timely (5- to 9-cm weeds) or applications were delayed 1 or 2 wk. All treatments, except the weedy check, were followed by glyphosate postemergence-directed (PDIR) 4 wk after the timely POST application. Common lambsquarters, common ragweed, Palmer amaranth, prickly sida, and smooth pigweed were controlled at least 94% regardless of PRE or POST treatments. Large crabgrass and fall panicum were controlled at least 96% by glyphosate regardless of PRE herbicide or POST application timing. In contrast, control by nicosulfuron plus atrazine POST in the absence of PRE herbicide decreased as application was delayed. Sicklepod was controlled at least 94% when POST herbicides were applied timely, but control by both POST herbicide treatments decreased with delayed application regardless of PRE herbicide. Tall morningglory was controlled 93% or greater by POST herbicides applied timely. Control by both POST herbicide treatments decreased as application was delayed, with glyphosate being affected more by timing than nicosulfuron plus atrazine. Corn grain yield was similar with glyphosate and nicosulfuron plus atrazine. Yield was unaffected by POST application timing when PRE herbicides were included. Without PRE herbicide, grain yield decreased as POST herbicide application was delayed.

Weed Control, Yield, and Net Returns Using Imazethapyr in Peanuts (Arachis hypogaeaL.)

Weed Science ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 238-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
John W. Wilcut ◽  
F. Robert Walls ◽  
David N. Horton
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Common Lambsquarters ◽  
Net Returns ◽  
Prickly Sida

Field experiments were conducted in 1988 and 1989 to evaluate imazethapyr for weed control in peanuts. Imazethapyr was applied PRE or POST at 3, 5, or 7 weeks after crop emergence (WAE) at 0.071 kg ai ha–1. Imazethapyr applied PRE controlled common lambsquarters 85%, prickly sida 92%, and a mixture of entireleaf, ivyleaf, pitted, and tall morningglory species 77%. Morningglory control was at least 91% with imazethapyr plus metolachlor PRE followed by imazethapyr plus 2,4–DB or imazethapyr plus acifluorfen at 3, 5, or 7 WAE. Yields from systems that included metolachlor plus imazethapyr PRE followed by imazethapyr plus acifluorfen, imazethapyr plus 2,4–DB, or acifluorfen plus 2,4–DB at 3 WAE were greater than yields from the handweeded check. All systems with imazethapyr plus metolachlor PRE followed by any POST treatment except imazethapyr plus acifluorfen 7 WAE provided net returns equivalent to the herbicide standard of metolachlor PRE and acifluorfen and bentazon plus 2,4–DB 3 WAE. All systems except imazethapyr PRE provided greater net returns than the handweeded weed–free check.

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