Comparison of Peanut Yield, Quality, and Net Returns Between Nonirrigated and Irrigated Production

1997 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. C. Lamb ◽  
J. I. Davidson ◽  
J. W. Childre ◽  
N. R. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Stock Price ◽  
Weighted Average ◽  
Aflatoxin Contamination ◽  
Average Amount ◽  
Net Return ◽  
Net Returns ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Support Price ◽  
Irrigation Cost ◽  
Yield Quality

Abstract Peanut yield, quality, and net return to irrigation were analyzed from commercial peanut fields in the southeastern U.S. during the 1987 through 1994 crop years. The average amount of irrigation water applied ranged from 2.51 to 28.22 cm/ha. Yields in the irrigated peanut fields averaged 569 kg/ha higher than in the nonirrigated fields. Means for farmer stock grade, jumbo shelling outturn, and seed germination also were significantly higher in the irrigated fields. Conversely, aflatoxin contamination was 140 ppb lower in the nonedible oil stock category from the irrigated fields. Yearly comparisons were made to examine significant differences in irrigation associated peanut yield and quality changes in individual crop years as well as across year comparisons for nonirrigated and irrigated practices. The net return for irrigation was examined at the quota support price, weighted average farmer stock price, and contract additional price. Average net return over total irrigation cost were $236.99, $149.22, and -$22.64 per ha, respectively.

Low-Cost Weed Control Systems for Close-Row Peanuts (Arachis hypogaea)

Weed Science ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 700-703 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Cardina ◽  
Aubrey C. Mixon ◽  
Glenn R. Wehtje
Keyword(s):  
Control Systems ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Net Return ◽  
Net Returns ◽  
Cost Treatment ◽  
Yield Quality ◽  
High Yields

Weed control, yield, quality, and net return in reduced-cost and standard weed control systems were studied in “Sunbelt runner’ peanuts (Arachis hypogaeaL.) planted in a twin-row pattern in 1982 to 85 at Tifton, GA, and 1982 to 84 at Headland, AL. Reduced herbicide rates and/or less expensive herbicides were used to decrease weed control costs. In years and locations where weed populations were low there were no differences in weed control, crop yield, or quality. The lowest cost treatment, which included three applications of paraquat (1,1′-dimethyl-4,4′-bipyridinium ion), caused reduced weed control at both locations in 1982 and reduced yield in 1982 and 1984. None of the systems consistently resulted in the highest weed control, crop yield, or quality. A system including reduced rates of preplant-incorporated herbicides followed by two applications of paraquat performed as well as the standard system but cost about 40% less. Due to low cost and generally high yields this system resulted in consistently high net returns. Results indicate that the potential exists for reducing herbicide inputs without sacrificing yield or quality.

Effect of irrigation based on IW/CPE ratio and sulphur levels on yield and quality of gram (Cicer arietinum L.)

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. V. Srinivasulu ◽  
R. M. Solanki ◽  
M. Bhanuprakash ◽  
A. Vemaraju ◽  
P. J. Prajapati
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Irrigation Treatment ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Net Return ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Yield Quality

A field experiment was carried out during rabi 2010-11 to study the growth, yield and quality of gram as influenced by irrigation and sulphur levels. Irrigation and sulphur have shown significant influence on growth, yield, quality, moisture extraction pattern and water use efficiency. Among four irrigation schedules, irrigation scheduled at 0.9 IW/CPE ratio recorded higher values for all the growth parameters at various stages, yield attributes, grain and stover yield, quality parameters as well as net return and BCR while, 0.7 IW/CPE ratio remained on par. Amount of moisture extracted from surface layers was more irrespective of irrigation treatment. Depletion of soil moisture increased and water use efficiency decreased with increasing frequency of irrigation. Application of 40 kg S ha-1 recorded higher grain yield, protein content and protein yield, net return and BCR and remained on par with 20 kg S ha-1. However interaction between sulphur and irrigation levels, 20 kg S ha-1 and 0.7 IW/CPE has reported higher seed yield, net returns and BCR.

scholarly journals Investigation on the effects of different concentrations of some fertilizers on yield, quality and essential and fixed oil composition of Nigella damascena

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 2722-2735
Author(s):  
FUNDA ULUSU ◽  
ALI ŞAHIN
Keyword(s):  
Oil Composition ◽  
Average Amount ◽  
Variable Effect ◽  
Main Compound ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Yield Quality ◽  
Nigella Damascena ◽  
Different Doses ◽  
Fatty Acid Compositions ◽  
Number Of Branches

In this study, the effect of application of fertilizers with different ingredients in different doses in cultivation of Nigella damascena plant on morphological, yield and quality was investigated. According to the obtained results; plant height was 25.07-37.54 cm, and the number of branches per plant was on average 2.33-5.60, besides, it has been observed that root lengths vary between 4.33-8.62 cm. On the other hand, while the average amount of capsules per plant was between 3.53-7.10, the capsule width and length varied by 12.92-15.06 (mm) and 13.85-16.29 (mm), respectively. When evaluated in terms of seed yield, approximately 45.68-113.57 kg da-1 yield has been obtained also, seed weights in the capsule are 0.104-0.158 g, thousand grain weights 2.31-2.84 g and seed weights per plant ranged from 32 to 0.87 g/plant. While the fixed oil rate were seen between 34-36.48% in the application groups, the fixed oil yield was calculated as 15.53- 41.43 kg da-1 . As a result of GC-MS analysis, it was observed that the main compound of essential oils was between 19.47-61.13% β-elemene (sesquiterpen), followed by 6.91-34.53% damascenine (alkaloid). In addition, 17 fatty acids were observed in GC-FID analysis and it showed that fertilizer applications cause a variable effect on saturated and unsaturated fatty acid compositions.

THE FINANCIAL RETURN OF CEREAL FARMING FOR SMALLHOLDER FARMERS IN THE CENTRAL HIGHLANDS OF ETHIOPIA

2009 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
LALISA ALEMAYEHU DUGUMA ◽  
IKA DARNHOFER ◽  
HERBERT HAGER
Keyword(s):  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Labour Productivity ◽  
Important Variable ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Financial Return ◽  
Net Return ◽  
Net Returns ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Central Highlands ◽  
The Rich

SUMMARYA study was conducted in Suba area, central highlands of Ethiopia, to assess the net return, land and labour productivity, and the return to scale of cereal farming practice. Seventy-five farmers belonging to three local wealth classes (poor, medium and rich) were randomly selected and interviewed about inputs and outputs related to cereal farming for the production year 2007/2008. Farm soil properties were investigated to check the variability in soil quality among the wealth classes. Benefit:cost ratio (BCR), net returns and annual profit were used to indicate the worthiness of the cereal farming activity. The return to scale was estimated by using the Cobb–Douglas production function. The results show that cereal farming is a rewarding practice, with the rich households gaining more profit than the poor. Farm size was the most important variable that affects the net return. There is an increasing return to scale. However, it is unlikely that farmers will have more land than they own at present because of the land shortage problem in the country caused by the increasing human population. Thus, attention should be given to minimizing the costs of production through proper regulation of domestic fertilizer costs and increasing labour productivity especially for the poor and medium households. The use of manure and compost as an additional fertilizer should also be promoted.

Establishing a Physiology-Yield-Quality Evaluation Model for Optimizing Drip Irrigation on Grape Fields in Extremely Arid Regions

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-278
Author(s):  
Yue Wen ◽  
Zhenhua Wang ◽  
Li Guo ◽  
Wenhao Li
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Evaluation Model ◽  
Evaluation Methods ◽  
Regulated Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Yield Quality ◽  
Quality Indexes

HighlightsRegulated deficit irrigation and fertilization ratio were used to test grapes in extremely arid areas.Physiology, yield, and quality indexes of drip irrigation grapes were analyzed accordingly in this study.Single and comprehensive evaluation models were used to evaluate the optimal water and fertilizer treatment.Abstract. Water shortage and chemical fertilizer abuse are important factors restricting grape industry development in Xinjiang. In this study, the physiology, yield and quality indexes of drip irrigation grapes were analyzed, and the water-fertilizer system was properly optimized by a model of combination of single evaluation methods and comprehensive evaluation methods. Five irrigation schemes and three fertilizer ratios were combined to form 15 treatments in Xinjiang, China. Results showed that irrigation and fertilization had different effects on physiology, yield, and quality indicators of grapes in different growth periods, and each index cannot reach its maximum value under the same treatment. Four single evaluation methods of Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Membership Function Analysis (MFA), Gray Correlation Analysis (GCA), and TOPSIS were used to evaluate grapes of 15 water and fertilizer treatments, but there were 9 treatments with a ranking standard deviation greater than 1.0, which was over 60% of all treatments. Through four comprehensive evaluation methods of Average Value, Borda, Copeland, and Fuzzy Borda, single evaluation results were analyzed, and the standard deviations of 13 treatments ranked 1.0 or below, more than 80% of all treatments, and Average Value comprehensive method had the highest compatibility. Therefore, the combination of Average Value method and four single evaluation methods is an appropriate evaluation model. It was determined that W4F2 was the optimal treatment which was performed regulated deficit irrigation in the berry mature period, the irrigation amount, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers were sequentially controlled to 694 mm, 235.7, 235.7, and 353.6 kg·ha-1, and its ranking was ranked first under the four comprehensive evaluation methods. This study can provide theoretical guidance for the combined evaluation of water and fertilizer use of drip irrigation grapes in extremely arid regions. Keywords: Comprehensive model evaluation, Extremely arid regions, Drip irrigation grapes, Physiology-yield-quality effects, Single method evaluation.

scholarly journals STRUCTURE AND EFFICIENCY OF INVESTMENTS IN THE SPORTS INDUSTRY OF THE COUNTRIES (EXAMPLE OF THE GERMAN ECONOMY)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastasiia Kafurina ◽  
Tetiana Rodionova
Keyword(s):  
Initial Public Offering ◽  
Stock Price ◽  
German Economy ◽  
Weighted Average ◽  
Share Price ◽  
Model Errors ◽  
Football Club ◽  
Sports Industry ◽  
Football Clubs ◽  
The World

In the last thirty years sport is turning into business and football clubs are developing into large corporations. Sports industry has been becoming not just more exciting but also highly lucrative. The value of professional football sector is estimated to be about 8 billion euros. Even more investors see sports leagues or football clubs as profitable investments. For instance, European Super League can be taken, which could have been more profitable for investors than other competitions and attracted such sponsor as JPMorgan Chase. However, in the near future such project has no support from governments and other clubs and therefore has no future yet. One type of investment in the sports industry is the purchase of shares in sports clubs. Borussia Dortmund is a German football club, one of the most successful clubs in the world, which plays in the Bundesliga, the top tier of the German league system. Dortmund’s shares are listed on the Frankfurt Stock Exchange. Borussia is the only club in Germany and among approximately 25 clubs in the world, including few British and Italian clubs, whose shares are publicly traded. Even more clubs are considering going public to increase its capital. One of the biggest clubs in Belgium, Brugge examined such opportunity, though the club postponed their initial public offering because of the low demand. On the contrary, Ukrainian football club Veres started selling its shares in April 2021 and during the first day have received bids for the purchase of stocks for the amount of over 36 million hryvnas. However, the benefit for the investor might be only the increase of a share price as the club does not intend to pay out dividends. The article analyses the price of a club share for more than 20 years and historical dividends. Borussia’s stock is analysed using futures contracts. It also examines such indicators as return on invested capital (ROIC), weighted average cost of capital (WACC), return on assets (ROA), which are compared with those of Manchester United, Juventus, Lazio and Ajax. A model is being built to predict the stock price during COVID-19 and before the start of the pandemic to compare price fluctuations and model errors.

Yield and quality response of surface and subsurface drip-irrigated eggplant and comparison of net returns

2018 ◽  
Vol 206 ◽  
pp. 165-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yeşim Bozkurt Çolak ◽  
Attila Yazar ◽  
Engin Gönen ◽  
E. Çağlar Eroğlu
Keyword(s):  
Net Returns ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Subsurface Drip ◽  
Quality Response

scholarly journals Import and export parity price analyses of selected vegetables and spices in Bangladesh

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 321-341
Author(s):  
MA Rashid ◽  
MA Monayem Miah ◽  
Tanvir MB Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Advantage ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Net Return ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Net Returns ◽  
Resource Cost ◽  
Parity Price ◽  
Benefit Cost ◽  
Domestic Resource

The study was undertaken to find out the export potentialities of selected vegetables and import substitution of selected spices in Bangladesh. Seven hundred twenty vegetables and 320 spices growers, 25 suppliers, and 25 exporters were randomly selected for the study.Net margin analysis was done on both variable and total cost basis. Domestic resource cost (DRC) analysis was also done for estimating comparative advantage of the selected vegetables and spices. The study revealed that net returns were positive for all vegetables and spices producers. However, the highest net return was estimated for brinjal producers (Tk. 273799/ha) followed by bittergourd producers (Tk152145/ha). In the case of spices, the highest net return was received by ginger producers (Tk. 231399/ha) followed by onion producers (Tk. 122308/ha).Comparatively lower net returns were found for okra (Tk51830/ha) and garlic producers (Tk 99352/ha). Vegetables exporters received the highest net margin (Tk32852/ ton) from UK market which was higher than the Middle East market (Tk22869/ton).The highest benefit cost ratio (BCR) was calculated for brinjal (1.9) followed by ash gourd (1.8). For spices, BCR were 2.1and 1.8 for ginger and garlic respectively. Bangladesh had comparative advantage for producing all selected vegetables as the estimates of domestic resource cost (DRC) were less than one. The value of DRC for all selected spices were less than unity implied that the production of these spices would be highly efficient for import substitution. Therefore, the study have been undertaken to find out this issues.Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 42(2): 321-341, June 2017

Usec Inc.

2017 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Kenneth M. Eades ◽  
Ben Mackovjak ◽  
Lucas Doe
Keyword(s):  
Stock Price ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Cost Of Capital ◽  
Investment Decision ◽  
Weighted Average ◽  
Cash Flows ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Discounted Cash Flow ◽  
Important Input

This case is designed to present students with the challenges of formulating a discounted-cash-flow (DCF) analysis for a strategically important capital-investment decision. Analytically, the problem is representative of most corporate investment decisions, but it is particularly interesting because of the massive size of the American Centrifuge Project and the potential of the project to significantly affect the stock price. Students must determine the relevant cash flows, paying close attention to the treatment of input costs, selling prices, timing of investment outlays, depreciation, and inflation. An important input is the appropriate cost of uranium, which some students argue should be included at book value, while others argue that market value should be used. Although the primary objective of the case is to focus on the estimation of cash flows, students are provided with a straightforward set of inputs to estimate USEC's weighted average cost of capital. The case is designed for students who are learning, or need a refresher on, DCF analysis. Because of the basic issues covered, the case works well with undergraduate, MBA, and executive-education audiences. The case also affords the opportunity to explore a variety of issues related to capital-investment analysis, including relevant costs, incremental analysis, cost of capital, and sensitivity analysis. The case is an excellent example of the value of a firm as the value of assets in place plus the net present value of future growth opportunities.

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