scholarly journals An F2 Yield Trial in Peanuts1

1981 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ray O. Hammons ◽  
W. D. Branch
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Performance Characteristics ◽  
Meat Content ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Yield Trial ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
100 Seed Weight

Abstract An F2 yield trial in peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.) was conducted in 1978 to evaluate 25 entries in a six replicate randomized complete block design. Entries included progenies from sixteen intrasubspecific cross combinations and their representative parents: seven component lines of two U. S. cultivars, ‘Florunner’ and ‘Florigiant’, and two peanut introductions, ‘Makulu Red’ and ‘486 GKP’. Progeny and parental performances were determined for eight quantitative traits: yield, fancy pods, meat content, total sound mature kernels, other kernels, extra large kernels, damaged kernels, and 100 seed weight. Hybridization between adapted and unadapted genotypes led to a reduction in performance characteristics. However, cross populations were identified as having selection potential for improving yield and grade.

End-of-Row Effects on Peanut Yield Tests1

1986 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
O. D. Smith ◽  
C. E. Simpson ◽  
E. R. Howard
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Competition Effects ◽  
Yield Test ◽  
100 Seed Weight ◽  
Bias Selection

Abstract Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) yield test plots are often trimmed to standard row lengths early in the growing season. This might bias selection if cultivars differ in end-of-row effects. Terminal, sub-terminal, and center row sections of 2-row plots 5 m in length were harvested separately to ascertain relative end-of-row competition effects. Data were collected on two cultivars each of Spanish, runner, and Virginia market types from irrigated and non-irrigated yield tests at each of two locations for two years. Significant end-of-row effects were observed for all cultivars with the greater effect on the Virginia and runner cultivars in non-irrigated tests. Row section × location, irrigation, and market type interactions were significant (P = .0001) but the cultivar within market type × row section interaction was not significant (P = .05) when averaged over tests. Yield component analyses from two tests indicated that higher unit area yields of terminal compared to center row segments resulted from increased pod numbers. Pod and 100-seed weight of mature, two-segmented pods from terminal row sections were less than for center-of-row sections. Disproportionate end-of-row effects among the cultivars on total row yield were not sufficient in this test to cause significant selection misclassifications, if comparisons are made within Spanish and Virginia botanical types.

scholarly journals Daya Hasil Galur-Galur Kacang Tanah (Arachis hypogaea L.) Tahan Penyakit Bercak Daun di Kecamatan Ciranjang Kabupaten Cianjur Provinsi Jawa Barat

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Yudiwanti Wahyu ◽  
Dede Rosyana Budiman
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Block Design ◽  
High Yield ◽  
West Java ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Resistant Lines ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design

<p style="text-align: justify;">This research was aimed to evaluate the yield of 16 peanut leafspot resistant lines derived from cross between Gajah variety and GPNC-WS 4 line with four check varieties of peanut. The four check varieties of peanut consist of Gajah, Jerapah, Zebra Putih, and Sima. The experiment was carried out at Ciranjang District, Cianjur Regency, West Java, from February to May 2011. This research was arranged in randomized complete block design with three replications. Result showed that GWS 39 D, GWS 110 D, GWS 18 A1, GWS 79 A, and GWS 110 A2 were identified as lines with high yield. GWS 74 D, GWS 39 B, GWS 79 A, GWS 73 D, GWS 18 A1, GWS 134 A1, and GWS 110 A1 were identified as lines with high resistant level to leafspot of peanut. Two of sixteen lines had high yield and high resistant level to leafspot, they were GWS 79 A and GWS 18 A1.</p><p>Key words : peanut, yield evaluation, leaf spot resistant</p>

scholarly journals Variation in Morphological Characters and Yield Attributes of Five Selected Soybean Genotypes

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-96
Author(s):  
D Sultana ◽  
MN Bari ◽  
MA Karim ◽  
MAB Mia ◽  
RR Sarker
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Seed Size ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Soybean Genotypes ◽  
Check Variety ◽  
100 Seed Weight

A field experiment was conducted at the experimental field of the Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur during November 2013 to March 2014. Four soybean genotypes i.e BU Soybean1, BD2329, BD2331, AGS313 and a check variety BARI Soybean 6 were used to evaluate their variations in morphological characters and yield attributes. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. The highest LAI (4.4) was found in genotype AGS313 and the smallest was found in BU Soyabean1. The highest pod size of 625 mg pod-1 was found in AGS313 while the lowest of 340 mg pod-1 was observed in BU Soybean1. Although BU Soyabean1 had smaller seed size but it had higher number of pods plant-1 (32.1) compared to other genotypes. The maximum 100-seed weight was recorded in AGS313 (16.34 g) and the minimum was obtained from the genotype BU Soybean1 (11.0 g). AGS313 genotype contributed to the highest grain yield of 4.29 tha-1, while BU Soyabean1 stood second position contributing 2.65 tha-1. Results also indicated that not only seed size but also number of pods plant-1 contributed to grain yield. Again there were highly significant differences among genotypes for all the characters.J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 8(2): 93-96 2015

scholarly journals Agromorphological Diversity among Popcorn (Zea mays. everta) Landraces Grown in Zambia

2021 ◽  
pp. 52-60
Author(s):  
N. Bbebe ◽  
L. Tembo ◽  
K. Kamfwa
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Relative Strength ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Total Variability ◽  
Check Variety ◽  
100 Seed Weight

Thirty nine (39) popcorn landraces alongside three (3) check varieties were evaluated for variability and relationships based on 15 agromorphological traits in Kabwe, Zambia during 2019/20 and 2020/21 seasons. A randomized complete block design was used with three replications in both instances. Analysis of variance revealed highly significant (p<0.001) differences among the popcorn landrace populations in some traits such as days to anthesis, days to silking, anthesis-silking interval, 100 seed weight, ear and plant heights.Principal component analysis also delineated these traits as the most important in contributing to the variability among the landraces alongside tassel length. The first two principal components accounted for 71.1% of total variability with PC-1 accounting for 41.7 and PC-2 with 28.4%. Genetic diversity based on discriminant analysis revealed low mean differentiation (D2=0.12) among the landrace populations. The check population ‘Lion popcorn’ had the largest mean genetic distance among the studied populations (D2=0.42) while ZMP 1932 was the most differentiated among the landraces (D2=0.38). Cluster analysis resulted in seven clusters with the clustering mostly based on the relative strength of the popcorn landraces in particular traits such as long A-S interval (cluster I) and high seed weight (cluster VII). Overall, two popcorn landraces were identified for their relatively high genetic diversity index (ZMP 1932 and ZMP 1902). These alongside the check variety ‘Lion popcorn’ can be used to cross with the local landraces as a way of increasing genetic diversity.

Evaluation of Preharvest Aflatoxin Contamination in Several Potentially Resistant Peanut Genotypes1

1995 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. F. Anderson ◽  
C. C. Holbrook ◽  
D. M. Wilson ◽  
M. E. Matheron
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Aflatoxin Contamination ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Potential Sources ◽  
Drought Conditions ◽  
Field Plots

Abstract Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is susceptible to aflatoxin contamination when pods are developing under drought conditions in the field. The development of cultivars which resist preharvest aflatoxin contamination would be advantageous, but has been limited by the lack of genes for resistance. Several genotypes have been suggested as potential sources of resistance. Conflicting results have been reported on how useful this resistance may be, and some of these sources have never been specifically examined for resistance to preharvest aflatoxin contamination. The objective of this study was to evaluate aflatoxin contamination under drought stressed conditions in potentially resistant peanut genotypes. Twelve peanut genotypes were planted in a randomized complete-block design in field plots in Yuma, AZ in 1991 and 1992. Ten of these genotypes were also planted in a randomized complete-block design in field plots in Tifton, GA in 1992. All plots were inoculated with Aspergillus inoculum and were subjected to 40 to 50 d of drought stress immediately prior to harvest. After harvest, aflatoxin contamination (ppb) of seed was measured. None of the genotypes included in this study were more resistant (P≤0.05) to preharvest aflatoxin contamination than Florunner. The results of this study indicate that it would be desirable to identify higher levels of resistance to preharvest aflatoxin contamination in peanut.

scholarly journals Heritability for Morphological Traits Determine Adaptability of Elite Cowpea Genotypes in different Environments

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (01) ◽  
pp. 105-114
Author(s):  
Joseph Nwafor Akanwe Asiwe
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
The University ◽  
100 Seed Weight

Lack of improved and high-yielding adapted varieties constitutes limitation to cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp) production in South Africa. Therefore, field trials were conducted in two locations (the University of Limpopo Experimental Farm, (Mankweng) and Towoomba Research Station, Bela-Bela) during 2015–16 and 2016–17, to assess yield components, genotype x environment interaction as well as the adaptability of elite cowpea genotypes. The experiment was laid out using a randomized complete block design in three replications. Data were collected on flowering, maturity and yield components. Results revealed that “genotype, and genotype × year and genotype × location interactions were significant for most of the traits evaluated”. „The days to 50% flowering‟ and „90% maturity‟ ranged between 53 and 60 days, and between 89 and 96 days, respectively. The „100-seed weight‟ varied from 15.8 g to 22.5 g. „Broad-sense heritability‟ varied from 0 to 93% for days to maturity and grain yield, respectively. „Grain yield‟ varied from 1465.7 to 2594.9 kg ha-1, and the best yielders were lines „L2‟, „L10‟, and „L7‟. The „PC1‟ and „PC2‟ explained 82.57% variation for maturity, 79.12% for the „pods per plant‟, 83.78% for „seeds per pod‟, 93.09% for „100-seed weight‟ and 95.84% for „grain yield‟. Towoomba was a more productive location compared to Sykerfuil. Lines „L2‟, „L10‟, and „L7‟ yielded very well in both locations and years. This implies that they are adapted and are recommended for registration and commercial release in the region. © 2021 Friends Science Publishers

scholarly journals Genetic Variation of Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Genotypes in Semi-Arid Zone Sudan

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 16-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salih AI Sabiel ◽  
Mohamed I Ismail ◽  
Elgailani Abdalla ◽  
Khalid A Osman
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Arid Zone ◽  
Phenotypic Variability ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Pod Yield ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
100 Seed Weight ◽  
Semi Arid

Twelve genotypes of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) were executed under rain-fed conditions in a semi-arid zone at the Research farm of El Fasher Research Station, Sudan for two consecutive seasons 2006 and 2007. Genotypic and phenotypic variability, heritability in a broad sense and genetic advance were estimated in a randomized complete block design with four replications. High heritability estimate (above 95 %) was recorded by hay yield (kg/ha) in both seasons and 100- seed weight in season 2006. Moreover, the high genetic advance was recorded for hay yield (kg/ha) and pod yield (kg/ha) in both seasons. However, a day to 50% flowering was expressed low genotypic coefficient of variation with low genetic advances in both seasons. Highly significant different among genotypes were found for days to 50% flowering, hay yield (kg/ha), shelling (%), while pod yield (kg/ha) and 100- seed weight were observed non-significant. The high yielding genotype was ICGV93260 with a pod yield of 1389.1 kg/ha. Pod yield (kg/ha) was highly significantly and positively correlated with hay yield (kg/ha), shelling (%) and 100- seed weight, while non-significant and negative correlated with days to 50% flowering. Based on the results the characters hay yield (kg/ha), shelling (%), 100- seed weight and days to 50% flowering to be the important characters which would be used in selection for groundnut improvement. The promising genotype identified in this study could provide valuable sources of resistance to climate-change-related stresses and for other consequent breeding activities in groundnut improvement. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ije.v3i3.11060 International Journal of Environment Vol.3(3) 2014: 16-23

Genotype-by-Irrigation Interaction in the Georgia Peanut Official Variety Test

2014 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. G. Isleib ◽  
J. L. Day ◽  
A. E. Coy ◽  
J. P. Beasley ◽  
W. D. Branch
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
General Direction ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Water Regimes ◽  
Pod Yield ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Support Price ◽  
The Mean ◽  
100 Seed Weight

ABSTRACT Entry means from 88 trials of runner- and virginia-type peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.) conducted over 16 years and three locations in the state of Georgia with an irrigated and a non-irrigated test performed at each year-location combination were examined to determine the mean performance for cultivars and breeding lines and to determine if they exhibit interaction with water regimes. All lines responded positively to irrigation for pod yield, total sound mature kernels (TSMK), 100-seed weight, and estimated support price and dollar value. Runner cultivars generally performed better in Georgia than did virginias although some virginia cultivars developed in Georgia were competitive with superior runners. The runner cultivar with the greatest value per hectare in this study was Georgia-12Y; the virginia cultivars were Georgia-08V and Georgia-11J. There was interaction between water regimes and entries for all reported traits except estimated dollar value. For pod yield and 100-seed weight the interaction was solely between water regimes and market types, for TSMK and length of season it was solely between water regimes and entries within market types, and for estimated support price it was both. In general, the effect of irrigation was more substantial on grade of virginia market-types than it was on runners while runners responded more to irrigation for pod yield than did virginias (982 vs. 782 kg ha−1, P&lt;0.0169). Interaction of water regimes with specific entries within market types was in the main a matter of varying degree of effect of irrigation on specific lines but all in the same general direction. The exception was length of season which actually increased under irrigation for the most recent Univ. of Georgia releases, Georgia-10T, Georgia-11J, and Georgia-12Y, while irrigation hastened the maturity of all other lines.

Response of Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) to Different Levels and Time of Phosphogypsum Nutrition

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheri Vaishnav ◽  
M.R. Ananda ◽  
H.M. Atheekur Rehaman ◽  
C. Seenappa ◽  
H.C. Prakasha
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Additional Source ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Oilseed Crops ◽  
Sulphur Nutrition ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Field Unit ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Sulphur Uptake

Background: Groundnut is one of the most important oilseed crops of India. Improving productivity of groundnut to meet the domestic vegetable oil demand through balanced fertilization is the prime challenge lying before the agronomists in the country. With the aim of evaluating phosphogypsum as a source of sulphur nutrition in groundnut, a field experiment entitled “Response of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) to different levels and time of phosphogypsum nutrition” was conducted at Agronomy field unit, University of Agricultural Sciences Bangalore, during kharif-2019. Methods: Experiment was laid out in randomised complete block design (RCBD) with eleven treatments, of which eight have different combinations of phosphogypsum applied as basal and in split (30 DAS) and one with gypsum as basal alone. Whereas, the remaining two treatments, without any additional source of sulphur are included for comparison. Result: Among eleven treatments, application of phosphogypsum @ 125 kg S eq ha-1 in split recorded highest yield attributes, pod yield (2063 kg ha-1), kernel yield (1418 kg ha-1) and sulphur uptake (11.33 kg ha-1). Which were on par with 100 kg S eq ha-1 in split (2014, 1380 and 10.39 kg ha-1, respectively). All other treatments recorded lower values with lowest in treatments without any additional sulphur source.

scholarly journals Effect of Nitrogen Fertilizer and Fruit Positions on Fruit and Seed Yields of Okro (Abelmoschus Esculentus L. Moench)

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Y. Zubairu ◽  
J. A. Oladiran ◽  
O. A. Osunde ◽  
U. Ismaila
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Mother Plant ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
N Level ◽  
University Of Technology ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Cropping Seasons ◽  
Seed Yields

Study was conducted in 2006 and 2007 cropping seasons at the experimental field of Federal University of Technology, Minna (9o 401N and 6o 301E), in the Southern Guinea Savanna of Nigeria to determine the effects of N fertilizer and the fruit positions on fruit and seed yield of okro. The treatment comprised factorial combination of five nitrogen levels (0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 kg/ha) and five fruit positions on a mother-plant (3, 5, 7, 9 and 10) which were replicated three times and laid in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). The results indicated that significant taller plants were recorded in the plots that received 120 kg N/ha while shorter plants were recorded in plots that received 0 N/ha in both years of the study. The higher N level of 120 kg/ha and lower fruit position of 3 significantly gave higher number of fruit yield while the yield decreased with decrease in N level and increase in fruit position on the mother-plant. Similarly, heavier fruits were recorded in lower fruit positions and higher N levels. The fruits formed at the lower position 3 and 5 produced more seeds with higher seed weight than those formed at the higher positions. The results also showed that significantly higher seed yield was recorded at N level of 120 kg/ha ?.

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