Peanut Yield, Market Grade, and Economics with Two Surface Drip Lateral Spacings

2009 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. B. Sorensen ◽  
M. C. Lamb
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Economic Returns ◽  
Fine Sandy Loam ◽  
Pod Yield ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Surface Drip Irrigation

Abstract Surface drip irrigation laterals were spaced next to crop rows and in alternate row middles to document crop yield, market grade and gross/partial economic returns compared with non-irrigated practices. A surface drip irrigation system was installed at two sites on a Faceville (Site 1) fine sandy loam and a Greenville (Site 2) fine sandy loam with 3 and 1% slope, respectively. The cultivar Georgia Green (GG) was planted in both single and twin-row configuration while the cultivar ViruGard (VG) was planted in only a twin-row configuration. Pod yield, farmer stock grade, and partial economic returns were determined for three growing seasons (2002 to 2004). Surface drip irrigated peanut had greater yield, market grade, and gross revenue compared with non-irrigated regimes. Subtracting the cost of the drip tubing showed that laterals spaced at 0.91 m are not cost effective ($-132/ha) while those spaced at 1.83 m returned an average $120/ha compared with the non-irrigated treatment. The cultivar GG had 425 kg/ha higher pod yield compared with VG (4035 kg/ha). Within irrigated lateral treatments, peanut planted in twin-row orientation had 1% higher market grade and lower OK compared with single row orientations. Pod yield and market grade was more stable at Site 2 compared with Site 1 which was probably due to slope and aspect characteristics associated with each site and not necessarily with soil series. The use of surface drip irrigation with peanut can be economically feasible if pod yield increases by at least 675 kg/ha and growers place drip tubing in alternate row middles.

scholarly journals Numerical Simulation of Water Distribution with Uptake Root in Drip Irrigation using Different Soil Hydraulic Models

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 46-61
Author(s):  
Israa Saad Faraj ◽  
Maysoon Basheer Abid
Keyword(s):  
Relative Error ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Trickle Irrigation ◽  
Statistical Parameters ◽  
Soil Wetting ◽  
Surface Drip Irrigation ◽  
Wetting Pattern

Surface drip irrigation is one of the most conservative irrigation techniques that help control providing water directly on the soil through the emitters. It can supply fertilizer and providing water directly to plant roots by drippers. One of the essential needs for trickle irrigation nowadays is to obtain more knowledge about the moisture pattern under the trickling source for various types of soil with various discharge levels with trickle irrigation. Simulation numerical using HYDRUS-2D software, version 2.04 was used to estimate an equation for the wetted area from a single surface drip irrigation in unsaturated soil is taking into account water uptake by roots. In this paper, using two soil types were used, namely sandy loam and clay loam, with three types of plants; (corn, tomato, and sweet sorghum). The soil wetting pattern was analyzed each half an hour for three hours of irrigation time and three initial soil moisture content. Equations for wetted radius and wetted depth were predicted and evaluated by utilizing the statistical parameters for the different hydraulic soil models (Model Efficiency (EF) and Root Mean Squares Error (RMSE)). The values RMSE does not exceed 0.40 cm, and EF is greater than 0.96 for all types of soil. These values were between the values obtained from program  HYDRUS-2D and the values obtained from formulas. This shows that evolved formula can be utilized to describe the soil wetting pattern from the surface drip irrigation system. The relative error for the different hydraulic soil models was calculated and compared with Brooks and Corey's model, 1964. There was good agreement compared with different models. RMSE was 0.23 cm, while the relative error -1% and 1 for EF for wetted radius.

scholarly journals Predicting Wetting Patterns in Soil from a Single Subsurface Drip Irrigation System

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 41-53
Author(s):  
Heba Najem Abid ◽  
Maysoon Basheer Abid
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Subsurface Drip Irrigation ◽  
Statistical Parameters ◽  
Model Efficiency ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Wetted Area ◽  
Soil Wetting ◽  
Subsurface Drip

Soil wetted pattern from a subsurface drip plays great importance in the design of subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) system for delivering the required water directly to the roots of the plant. An equation to estimate the dimensions of the wetted area in soil are taking into account water uptake by roots is simulated numerically using HYDRUS (2D/3D) software. In this paper, three soil textures namely loamy sand, sandy loam, and loam soil were used with three different types of crops tomato, pepper, and cucumber, respectively, and different values of drip discharge, drip depth, and initial soil moisture content were proposed. The soil wetting patterns were obtained at every thirty minutes for a total time of irrigation equal to three hours. Equations for wetted width and depth were predicted and evaluated by utilizing the statistical parameters (model efficiency (EF), and root mean square error (RMSE)). The model efficiency was more than 95%, and RMSE did not exceed 0.64 cm for three soils. This shows that evolved formula can be utilized to describe the soil wetting pattern from SDI system with good accuracy.      

Analyzing Soil Moisture Uniformity for Surface Drip Irrigation System in Multi-layered soil

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soon Goon Choi ◽  
Jin-Yong Choi ◽  
Won-Ho Nam ◽  
Eun Mi Hong ◽  
Sang-Ho Jeon
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Layered Soil ◽  
Drip Irrigation System ◽  
Surface Drip Irrigation

Effect of available solar irradiance on vertical farming in semi-open urban places

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 717-726
Author(s):  
M. Moniruzzaman ◽  
K. K. Saha ◽  
M. M. Rahman ◽  
M. M. H. Oliver
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Solar Irradiance ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Direct Sunlight ◽  
Lighting Conditions ◽  
Vertical Farming ◽  
Long Run

Building a vertical farm in unused residential and commercial spaces is a challenge. It is particularly hard to decide upon a space where varying degrees of lighting conditions may prevail at different times of a day. This experiment was focused on how innovative micro-irrigation technology could be coupled with vertical farms. In this regard, three storied racks were designed to accommodate multiple one-feet-square tubs large enough to hold five Indian spinach (BARI Puishak- 2) plants at a time. Sandy loam soil was used for farming along with recommended doses of fertilizers. Different lighting conditions (2- 145 W/m2 average solar irradiance) were employed on the fifth floor of an urban building. Drip emitters were coupled in the system for irrigation. The management allowed deficit was kept to a maximum of 50% of the readily available moisture below the field capacity. The results suggested that drip irrigation systems provide higher water productivity (up to 31.82 kg/m3) compared to the in-field conditions when BARI Puishak-2 is grown in vertical farming. Water productivity of spinach was improved by optimized set-up of a drip irrigation system. The study also concluded that vertical farming is only suitable for indoor places where plenty of direct sunlight or diffused sunlight (not below 70 W/m2) is available. The economic analysis suggests that vertical farms under direct sunlight can be made profitable (BCR>1) in the long run.

scholarly journals Strawberry Plasticulture in North Carolina: II. Preplant, Planting, and Postplant Considerations for Growing `Chandler' Strawberry on Black Plastic Mulch

1993 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 383-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.B. Poling
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Southeastern United States ◽  
Sprinkler System ◽  
Plastic Mulch ◽  
Black Plastic ◽  
Spring Harvest ◽  
Freeze Protection

North Carolina is experiencing a revitalization of the strawberry industry due to the adoption of plasticulture technologies and the California cultivar Chandler, which produces excellent yields and fruit quality on black plastic mulch. With this system, berries can be harvested in just 7 to 8 months after planting. The spring harvest season can last up to 6 weeks in most years. Strawberry plasticulture growers in North Carolina typically experience yields of 17,000 to 18,000 lb/acre (19,054 to 20,174 kg·ha-1). Cash expenses for the system are about $4345/acre ($10,736/ha). The system requires both an overhead sprinkler system for blossom and bud frost/freeze protection, and drip irrigation for supplying water and fertilizer in the prebloom, bloom, and fruiting periods. Sandy loam and clay loam soils are ideal for forming the lo-inch-high (25.4-cm) beds with bedding machines. Usually, 33% of the N, 50% of the K, and all of the P is applied preplant, with the remaining N and K applied through the drip-irrigation system. Problems associated with the plasticulture system include higher initial investment relative to matted-row production, and only one fruiting season is possible with the anthracnose-susceptible `Chandler' in the southeastern United States.

scholarly journals Re-designing irrigated intensive cereal systems through bundling precision agronomic innovations for transitioning towards agricultural sustainability in North-West India

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
H. S. Jat ◽  
P. C. Sharma ◽  
Ashim Datta ◽  
Madhu Choudhary ◽  
S. K. Kakraliya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Drip Irrigation System ◽  
Flood Irrigation ◽  
Energy Productivity ◽  
North West ◽  
Surface Drip Irrigation

AbstractA study was conducted to design productive, profitable, irrigation water¸ nitrogen and energy use efficient intensive cereal systems (rice-wheat; RW and maize-wheat; MW) in North-West India. Bundling of conservation agriculture (CA) with sub-surface drip irrigation termed as CA+ were compared with CA alone and conventional tillage based and flood irrigated RW rotation (farmer’s practice; ScI). In contrast to conventional till RW rotation which consumed 1889 mm ha−1 irrigation water (2-yr mean), CA+ system saved 58.4 and 95.5% irrigation water in RW and MW rotations, respectively. CA+ practices saved 45.8 and 22.7% of irrigation water in rice and maize, respectively compared to CA with flood irrigation. On a system basis, CA+ practices saved 46.7 and 44.7% irrigation water under RW (ScV) and MW (ScVI) systems compared to their respective CA-based systems with flood irrigation (ScIII and ScIV). CA+ in RW system recorded 11.2% higher crop productivity and improved irrigation water productivity by 145% and profitability by 29.2% compared to farmers’ practice. Substitution of rice with maize (MW system; ScVI) recorded 19.7% higher productivity, saved 84.5% of irrigation water and increased net returns by 48.9% compared to farmer’s practice. CA+ RW and MW system improved energy productivity by 75 and 169% and partial factor productivity of N by 44.6 and 49.6%, respectively compared to ScI. The sub-surface drip irrigation system saved the fertilizer N by 20% under CA systems. CA+ in RW and MW systems recorded ~13 and 5% (2-yr mean) higher profitability with 80% subsidy on installing sub-surface drip irrigation system and similar profitability without subsidy scenario compared with their respective flood irrigated CA-based systems.

scholarly journals Low Cost Design of Automated Drip Irrigation System with GSM

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 8077-8082
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Irrigation Technology ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Irrigation Control ◽  
Fail Safe

This paper is about an automatic irrigation control system which is cost effective and can be used for irrigation by a farmer. Today’s industrial automation and controlling of machine is high in cost and not suitable for a farming field. So, here we design a smart drip irrigation technology with effective control system in low cost. The voltage monitoring unit informs the farmer about the power supply conditions on the field. The aim of this study, is to control the motor automatically, and decide the direction of the water flow through valves, based on the inputs from the farmer and also with the collective inputs from the sensors, which finally notify instantly about the happenings and conditions of the field. It operates under low hardware cost by distributing irrigation to crops by elevation change and gravity. The soil moisture and amount of flow of water in each sector are major consideration to design a fail-safe system for a variety of crops planted at a time.

scholarly journals Effect of Hormones on Yield and Economics of Mustard (Brassica juncea L.) under Southern Telangana Agro-Climatic Conditions

2021 ◽  
pp. 89-94
Author(s):  
Ganta Harshitha ◽  
Ch. Bharat Bhushan Rao ◽  
T. Ram Prakash ◽  
S. A. Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Humic Acid ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Economic Returns ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Pod Development ◽  
The Cost

An experiment was carried out at student farm, College of Agriculture, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, in sandy loam soils during rabi 2020 to study the effect of hormones on growth and yield of mustard under Southern Telangana Agro-climatic conditions. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with ten treatments. The treatments comprised were: T1-Control (RDF 60:40:40 N, P2O5, K2O kg ha-1), T2 (RDF + foliar spray of GA3 @ 45 ppm at flowering), T3 (RDF + foliar spray of GA3 @ 45 ppm at pod development), T4 (RDF + foliar spray of GA3 @ 45 ppm at flowering and pod development), T5 (RDF + foliar spray of humic acid @ 1.5% at flowering), T6 (RDF + foliar spray of humic acid @ 1.5% at pod development), T7 (RDF + foliar spray of humic acid @ 1.5% at flowering and pod development), T8 (RDF + foliar spray of GA3 @ 45 ppm fb humic acid @ 1.5% with 2 days interval at flowering), T9 (RDF + foliar spray of GA3 @ 45 ppm fb humic acid @ 1.5% with 2 days interval at pod development) and T10 (RDF + foliar spray of GA3 @ 45 ppm fb humic acid @ 1.5% with 2 days interval at flowering and pod development). Results indicated that, application of RDF + foliar spray of GA3 @ 45 ppm fb humic acid @ 1.5% with 2 days interval at flowering and pod development (T10) and application only at flowering (T8) gave the similar and higher yields and economic returns. As the cost of cultivation of T10 was higher than T8, BC ratio was higher for T8.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document