scholarly journals Low Cost Design of Automated Drip Irrigation System with GSM

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 8077-8082
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Irrigation Technology ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Irrigation Control ◽  
Fail Safe

This paper is about an automatic irrigation control system which is cost effective and can be used for irrigation by a farmer. Today’s industrial automation and controlling of machine is high in cost and not suitable for a farming field. So, here we design a smart drip irrigation technology with effective control system in low cost. The voltage monitoring unit informs the farmer about the power supply conditions on the field. The aim of this study, is to control the motor automatically, and decide the direction of the water flow through valves, based on the inputs from the farmer and also with the collective inputs from the sensors, which finally notify instantly about the happenings and conditions of the field. It operates under low hardware cost by distributing irrigation to crops by elevation change and gravity. The soil moisture and amount of flow of water in each sector are major consideration to design a fail-safe system for a variety of crops planted at a time.

scholarly journals An autonomous economical and efficient ureteroscopic irrigation system

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tengteng Wang ◽  
Xiude Chen ◽  
Qinghua Xia ◽  
Qi Zhang ◽  
Xunbo Jin
Keyword(s):  
Negative Pressure ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Flexible Ureteroscopy ◽  
Invasive Technique ◽  
Treatment Practice ◽  
Extension Tube

Abstract Background In recent years, the minimally invasive technique for treating nephrolithiasis has been developed rapidly. Particularly, the flexible ureteroscopy has been extensively applied. For flexible ureteroscopy lithotripsy, the perfusion equipment is necessary to ensure a clear intraoperative field of view. This study was aimed to prepare a set of economical and efficient ureteroscopic irrigation system by some commonly used devices in clinical diagnosis and treatment practice. Methods In this study, according to requirements of the endoscopic surgery, the infusion apparatus, infusion apparatus extension tube, three-way plug valve, Luer one-way valve, ordinary syringe, and negative pressure spring were used to assemble the irrigation system with different functions. Results The autonomous perfusion device realized the real-time conversion of manual injection, continuous perfusion or negative pressure suction. The entire equipment has many advantages, including easily accessible raw materials, low cost, simple assembly process, easy operation, strong controllability, effective control ability for the intrarenal pressure, and high safety. Conclusions The commonly used medical devices were applied to assemble the autonomous ureteroscopic irrigation system, which is flexible, simple and cost-effective and thus can be applied in flexible ureteroscopic surgery.

scholarly journals Kajian Aplikasi Alat Penyiraman Otomatis dengan Sistem Irigasi Tetes Berbasis Perubahan Kadar Air Tanah pada Tanaman Pakcoy (Brassica chinensis L.)

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 294-307
Author(s):  
Khairunnisak Khairunnisak ◽  
Devianti Devianti ◽  
Mustafril Mustafril
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Control System ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Drip Irrigation System ◽  
Brassica Chinensis ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Irrigation Control ◽  
Banda Aceh

Abstrak. Pemberian air irigasi secara berlebihan yang tidak sesuai dengan kebutuhan air tanaman akan mempengaruhi pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman. Salah satu model irigasi yang memungkinkan untuk mengatur jumlah air sesuai dengan kebutuhan tanaman adalah sistem irigasi tetes. Penjadwalan irigasi secara otomatis sangat mendukung disaat cuaca yang susah diprediksi akibat adanya perubahan iklim global. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji kinerja mikrokontroler pada sistem irigasi tetes yang mampu bekerja secara otomatis berdasarkan perubahan kadar air tanah pada tanaman pakcoy. Penelitian  ini dilakukan di desa Lambhuk, Kecamatan Ulee Kareng, Kota Banda Aceh dengan ketinggian lahan 3,8 m di atas permukaan laut dengan ordo tanah regosol. Metode penilitian yang digunakan adalah tahap persiapan yaitu pengambilan sampel tanah untuk dianalisis di laboratorium, pembuatan jaringan sistem irigasi tetes, persemaian benih pakcoy, persiapan media tanam sebanyak 8 pot tanam, pengkalibrasian sensor kelembaban tanah, persiapan bibit pakcoy serta penanaman, dan pemasangan sistem kontrol irigasi tetes otomatis. Tahap pengamatan yaitu diukur tinggi dan jumlah helai daun pakcoy, dan ditimbang bobot segar pakcoy. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem kontrol irigasi tetes otomatis dapat memenuhi kebutuhan air tanaman pakcoy berdasarkan penentuan kadar air tanah pada keadaan air tersedia, dengan koefisien determinasi (R2) sebesar 0,687. Kinerja alat penyiraman otomatis dengan menggunakan mikrokontroler dapat berfungsi dengan baik dalam memberikan air ke tanaman sesuai dengan yang diinginkan, hal ini dapat dilihat dari kemampuan alat merespon perubahan kadar air tanah menyebabkan katup terbuka dan tertutup sesuai dengan setpoint yang telah ditentukan. Terdapat hubungan yang erat antara perubahan kadar air tanah terhadap pertumbuhan pakcoy dengan koefisien determinasi (R2) sebesar 0,92 dan 0,799, dan terdapat hubungan yang erat antara pemberian air dengan sistem irigasi tetes otomatis terhadap pertumbuhan pakcoy dengan koefisien determinasi (R2) sebesar 0,778 dan 0,696. Sistem irigasi tetes otomatis dapat mengurangi pemborosan air irigasi.Study of Application of Automatic Watering Equipment with Drip Irrigation System Based on Changes in Groundwater Level on Pakcoy (Brassica chinensis L.Abstract. Excessive administration of irrigation water that is inconsistent with crop water requirements will affect plant growth and production. One of the irrigation models that allows to regulate the amount of water in accordance with the needs of the plant is the drip irrigation system. Irrigation scheduling automatically is very supportive when the weather is difficult to predict due to global climate change. The purpose of this research is to test the performance of microcontroller in drip irrigation system that can work automatically based on changes in soil moisture content in pakcoy plant. This research was conducted in Lambhuk village, Ulee Kareng sub-district, Banda Aceh city with land height 3,8 m above sea level with regosol land order. The research method used is the preparation phase of soil sampling to be analyzed in the laboratory, the making of drip irrigation system network, the seedbed of pakcoy seed, the preparation of planting media of 8 planting pots, the calibration of soil moisture sensor, the preparation of pakcoy seeds as well as the planting and installation of the irrigation control system Auto drops. Observation phase is measured height and number of leaf of pakcoy leaf, and weighs fresh weight of pakcoy. The result of research indicates that automatic drip irrigation control system can fulfill the water requirement of pakcoy plant based on the determination of ground water level in available water condition, with coefficient of determination (R2) equal to 0,687 . The use of automatic drip irrigation control system has an effect on the growth and production of pakcoy. There is a close relationship between soil moisture change to the growth of pakcoy with coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.92 and 0.799, and there is a close relationship between water delivery with automatic drip irrigation system to the growth of pakcoy with coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.778 and 0.696.

Design of Automatic Control System for Intelligent Micro Drip Irrigation Based on PLC Technology

2014 ◽  
Vol 539 ◽  
pp. 592-595
Author(s):  
Hua Li ◽  
Yan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Sensor Technology ◽  
Design System ◽  
System Control ◽  
Field Bus ◽  
Irrigation Control ◽  
And Function ◽  
Machine Communication

This paper analyzes the control requirements of drip irrigation system, designed automatic drip irrigation control system with IPC and PLC as control core, using WinCC as the man-machine communication window, combined with frequency, field bus and sensor technology. This paper focuses on the system hardware design, system control software and system monitoring software design. Through the field bus, the central management computer decide reasonable irrigation decision according to the soil moisture information, crop water requirement characteristics and predetermined irrigation scheme, and then issued a directive to the solenoid valve scattered, automatic carry out proper, required precision irrigation control. The practical application shows that: the system has stable working performance, friendly interface, improve labor productivity. The system can be expanded easily in terms of structure and function, can satisfy the application of different scale, demand, cost, have certain application prospect.

scholarly journals Dispute Settlement Practices through the Religious Court’s Mobile Court (Sidang Keliling)

FIAT JUSTISIA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 287
Author(s):  
Hazar Kusmayanti ◽  
Sherly Ayuna Puteri
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Dispute Settlement ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Circuit Court ◽  
Procedural Law ◽  
To Come ◽  
Circuit Courts ◽  
Religious Courts

This research is attempted to analyze the practices of mobile court and compare it with others. Based on the results of the study, the conclusions that can be obtained are that the implementation of the circuit court conducted at the Tasikmalaya District Religious Court has fulfilled several principles of civil procedural law, namely fast, simple and low cost. Among them when people who experience obstacles to come to the court office for reasons of distance, transportation and costs of the court come directly to the location, the bureaucracy is not complicated meaning that the implementation of the trial must be completed no later than 4 times the hearing, and the existence of an effective control system and various elements. Obstacles in the conduct of circuit courts include no standard guidelines for the holding of circuit courts, not all cases registered by residents are resolved in circuit courts, limited budgets, cases that have not been heard are all without prodeo, facilities and infrastructure, and not all religious courts hold circuit courts.

scholarly journals Performance Evaluation of Low-Cost Filter in Field Condition

2021 ◽  
pp. 20-26
Author(s):  
K. Nagarajan ◽  
S. Ramya ◽  
T. Thangamani ◽  
A. Selvaperumal ◽  
T. Arthi
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation System ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Filter Media ◽  
Micro Irrigation ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Filtration Unit ◽  
Solids Removal ◽  
Media Layer

The parameters require for maintaining the crop's health and the integrity of the irrigation system has a relation with quality of irrigation water. In Micro irrigation appropriate filtration is very much important to prevent clogging. Filtration unit is one of the main components in micro irrigation system that too, Primary filter is more important to be installed along with the unit, when the water source is from open reservoir and other water sources. Though it is essential, the primary filter is not being installed by the farmers due to its high cost. Hence this study is an attempt to fabricate low-cost filter and to evaluate its performance with different filter media layer. A low-cost primary filter for drip irrigation system is fabricated. Different filter media layer like silex sand (fine silex, coarse silex), pebbles with different sizes are selected. The results revealed that the removal efficiency of filter using silex sand and pebbles were 71% in terms of turbidity, 78% in terms of total suspended solids removal at flow rate of 12 m3 /hr. This fabricated low-cost filter will be cost effective for small farm applications.

scholarly journals Assessment of Hydrological Inspection using Development Low-Cost Boat Application in University Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA) Lake, Terengganu, Malaysia

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2S3) ◽  
pp. 205-212
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Control Unit ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Unmanned Vehicles ◽  
Range Finder ◽  
Hydrographic Survey ◽  
Motor Control System ◽  
Reduce Risk ◽  
Communication Equipment

Unmanned vehicles may provide less time consume and cost-effective methods of gathering hydrographic survey data compared to traditional, manned survey vessels. A remote-controlled Unmanned Surface Vehicle (USV) was outfitted with range finder, depth transducer, and velocity current meter for the purpose of conducting a hydro survey. The purpose of study to describes a project for the development of Unmanned Survey Vessel (USV) platform useful for hydrological survey. The control unit includes a motor control system, communication equipment, and a simple radio control system installed to enables an operator to remotely control the boat. The motor radio control system, the measurement equipment (sonar depth, current meter, range finder) used in data collecting activities. The result showed the validation values of Hydro Survey Boat Version 1 and Hydro Survey Boat Version 2, the estimated validation of river discharge (Q) recorded 0.0373 m3/s. The significant differences of Q between Hydro Survey Boat Version 1 as 0.0853 m3/s (56.3%) and Hydro Survey Boat Version 2 as 0.042 m3/s (11.2%) which is the Hydro Survey Boat Version 2 recorded more accurate readings compared Hydro Survey Boat Version 1. There are several advantages of this project which is reducing cost, improve efficiency, and reduce risk during hydrology survey. The development survey boat USV is innovation technology and it will improved the hydrological method

scholarly journals A Computer-controlled Drip Irrigation System for Container Plant Production

1992 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 402-407
Author(s):  
Rico A. González ◽  
Daniel K. Struve ◽  
Larry C. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Quercus Rubra ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Irrigation Treatment ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
First Year ◽  
Controlled Treatment ◽  
Computer Controlled ◽  
Irrigation Control ◽  
Container Plant

An irrigation control system has been developed and used to estimate evapotranspiration of contamer-grown plants by monitoring randomly selected plants within a container block and watering on an “as needed” basis. Sensor reliability and operational ease allows application of the system in a wide variety of field conditions. First-year tests, using red oak (Quercus rubra L.) seedlings, showed a reduction of 95% or better in both total irrigation and leachate rates with the computer-controlled treatment relative to a manually controlled, drip irrigation treatment without reducing plant growth.

scholarly journals PERDA DE CARGA EM FITAS GOTEJADORAS COM EMISSORES MOLDADOS

Irriga ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-93
Author(s):  
Verônica Gaspar Martins Leite de Melo ◽  
Leonardo Leite de Melo ◽  
José Antônio Frizzone ◽  
Antônio Pires de Camargo ◽  
Patricia Angélica Alves Marques
Keyword(s):  
Friction Factor ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Pressure Head ◽  
Head Loss ◽  
Operating Pressure ◽  
Relative Errors ◽  
E Mail ◽  
Pipe Inlet

PERDA DE CARGA EM FITAS GOTEJADORAS COM EMISSORES MOLDADOS     VERÔNICA GASPAR MARTINS LEITE DE MELO1; LEONARDO LEITE DE MELO2; JOSÉ ANTÔNIO FRIZZONE3; antônio pires de camargo4 E patricia algélica alves marques5   1 Departamento de Engenharia de Sistemas Agrícola, ESALQ/USP, Av. Pádias, 11, São Dimas, CEP13418-900, Piracicaba, SP, Brasil, e-mail: [email protected] 2 Departamento de Engenharia de Sistemas Agrícola, ESALQ/USP, Av. Pádias, 11, São Dimas, CEP13418-900, Piracicaba, SP, Brasil, e-mail: [email protected] 3 Departamento de Engenharia de Sistemas Agrícola, ESALQ/USP, Av. Pádias, 11, São Dimas, CEP13418-900, Piracicaba, SP, Brasil, e-mail: [email protected] 4 Faculdade de Engenharia Agrícola – UNICAMP, Av. Cândido Rondon, 501, Cidade Universitária, CEP 13083 - 875, Campinas, SP, e-mail: [email protected] 5 Departamento de Engenharia de Sistemas Agrícola, ESALQ/USP, Av. Pádias, 11, São Dimas, CEP13418-900, Piracicaba, SP, Brasil, e-mail: [email protected]     1 RESUMO   Embora as fitas gotejadoras sejam de baixo custo, é importante que esse material seja avaliado hidraulicamente para prover informações técnicas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a perda contínua de carga e o fator de atrito em uma fita gotejadora com emissor moldado em seu interior. O experimento foi conduzido no laboratório de irrigação da ESALQ/USP. Utilizou-se a fita gotejadora Rain-Tape® fabricada pela Rain Bird®, espessura de parede de 225 µm e emissores tipo labirinto, espaçados de 0,30 m, vazão nominal de 1 L h-1 e pressão de serviço de 55 kPa. A equação de perda de carga para regime de escoamento turbulento liso em função da vazão e da carga de pressão na entrada da fita apresenta boa habilidade para estimar a perda de carga em fitas gotejadoras com emissores moldados, sendo que 95% das estimativas apresentaram erro relativo de até 6,71%. A equação de Darcy-Weisbach pode ser utilizada para o cálculo da perda de carga desde que o diâmetro seja substituído por uma função da pressão de entrada. Para o cálculo da perda de carga, utilizando a equação de Darcy-Weisbach, o fator de atrito calculado pela equação de Blasius deve considerar um coeficiente a = 0,3408.   Palavras-chave: irrigação por gotejamento, perda de carga por atrito, fator de atrito     MELO, V. G. M. L. de; MELO, L. M. de; FRIZZONE, J. A.; CAMARGO, A. P. de; MARQUES, P. A. A. HEAD LOSS IN DRIP TAPES WITH MOLDED EMITTERS     2 ABSTRACT   Although drip tapes are low-cost equipment, proper hydraulic evaluation is important to provide information required for irrigation system design. The aim of this study was to analyze the friction head loss and the friction factor in drip tapes with molded emitters, that are employed in drip irrigation systems. Experiments evaluated the drip tape model Rain-Tape®, manufactured by Rain Bird, 225-µm wall thickness, labyrinth-type emitters, 0.30-m emitters spacing, 1 L h-1 nominal discharge and operating pressure of 55 kPa. The following conclusions were obtained: (a) the equation of head loss for smooth turbulent flow as a function of flow rate and pressure head at the pipe inlet provided good predictions of head loss in drip tapes with molded emitters, since 95% of predictions presented relative errors less than 6.71%; (b) the Darcy-Weisbach equation may be used for calculating head loss, but the pipe diameter must be replaced by a function considering the lateral inlet pressure; (c) for calculating head loss of the Rain-Tape using the Darcy-Weisbach equation, the friction factor obtained by the Blasius equation should use the coefficient a = 0.3408.   Keywords: drip irrigation, frictional head loss, friction coefficient

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