scholarly journals Features of the manifestation of posttrummatic stress disorders of ato participants

HUMANITARIUM ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-64
Author(s):  
Svitlana Herasina
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Mental States ◽  
Stress Disorders ◽  
Stressful Event ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Delayed Reaction ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
The Military ◽  
The Impact

The article represents theoretical substantiation of the problem of the impact connected with traumatic events related to the military conflict in the east of Ukraine, on the psycho-emotional state of the soldiers participating in the antiterrorist operation (ATO). There is analysis of modern scientific researches on the interdependence of combat stress with post-traumatic emotional frustration of fighters, causing: intrusive memories, flashbacks and sleep disturbances; avoidance, manifested in emotional distress, apathy, indifference, despair, depression; hyperactivation, which manifests itself in agitation, intense emotional and physiological excitement, and in unproductive psychomotorism. There is proving of the expediency of psychodiagnostic method «Mississippi Scale» (military option) in the study of symptom complexes: «intrusions» – emotional jostling; «Avoidance» – suppression of traumatic memories; «hypersensitivity» – hypertrophied psychophysiological reactions; feelings of guilt and shame and suicidal inclinations. There is empirical definition of psychological peculiarities of respondents with post-traumatic stress disorder as a kind of neurosis, manifested as a result of the simultaneous experience of several psychotraumatic events by a fighter. There is disclosure of PTSD as a delayed reaction of the individual to a stressful event of a threatening nature, which also caused chronic stress – distress. The psychopathological condition of fighters is revealed, which is caused by the necessity to perform responsible combat tasks under the conditions of extreme ATO factors. There is determination of destructive mental states that are developing in the military and in the period of adaptation to the usual conditions of life and service, after returning from the war that reduces the stress resistance and the process of social adaptation.There is description of stressful factors: high responsibility, danger, death of friends, injury, contusion, disability, long stay in the ATO, etc., which destructively affect the psychological health of the soldiers. The basic psychotherapeutic strategies of psychoanalysis of ATO participants are offered: updating of adaptive skills and renewal of own resources of «I»; formation of «positive attitude» to the symptom; reduction of avoidance, focus on the transformation of psychotraumatic experience; change in the attribution of the content of the traumatic situation and its consequences, the feeling of its own «control and authority over the psychotrauma».

scholarly journals Psychological rehabilitation of participants of anti-terrorist operation: mechanism of supply

HUMANITARIUM ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 168-178
Author(s):  
Yulianna Yasenchuk
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Stress Disorders ◽  
Rehabilitation Services ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
The Military ◽  
The Impact

The article outlines the main aspects of provision of rehabilitation services for servicemen and participants in the antiterrorist operation. The concept of psychological rehabilitation in the context of a systematic approach is considered in details and its main features are formed. Special attention is paid to the study of previous work, to the mechanism of providing rehabilitation services to all servicemen. In the context of the current tasks, the legal base on this issue, the approved and priority initiatives was investigated. The most frequent distribution among the demobilized soldiers of antiterrorist operation is occupied by people with the main characteristics of post-traumatic stress disorder. The percentage correlation with such features in 2015-2017 was investigated and the main aspects of the mechanism of ensuring the full maintenance of social support were formed.Military actions and the conduct of the antiterrorist operation led to increase in the number of psychological stress disorders among the military. In the course of work we managed to find out that since the beginning of the antiterrorist operation and to date, the system of psychological rehabilitation of the military is gradually improving, but the question remains its effective functioning and compliance with world standards.After returning to a peaceful life, soldiers should be involved in rehabilitation activities and receive comprehensive complex rehabilitation in accordance with individual programs.The question was also raised on the issue of soldiers with post-traumatic stress, who had undergone rehabilitation and rehabilitation and required long-term social support. The most effective in reducing the impact of post-traumatic stress disorder is the integration of the soldiers’ negative experience in order to use it for personal growth, self-development, self-realization.

An E-Mental Health Solution to Prevent and Manage Post-Traumatic Stress Injuries among First Responders in Alberta: Protocol for the Implementation and Evaluation of Text4PTSI (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gloria Obuobi-Donkor ◽  
Ejemai Eboreime ◽  
Jennifer Bond ◽  
Natalie Phung ◽  
Scarlett Eyben ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
First Responders ◽  
Text Messages ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Injuries ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
The Impact

BACKGROUND First responders are confronted with the traumatic event(s) in their work that has a significant toll on their psychological health and that may contribute to or result in post-traumatic stress injuries (PTSI) for many responders. Persons with a PTSI usually seek management therapies, which they hope will be effective. Evidence indicates that digital delivery of these therapies is an innovative, efficient and effective way to improve PTSI symptoms as in-person delivery. OBJECTIVE This project aims to implement and provide accessible, convenient and economical SMS text messaging services, known asText4PTSI, to first responders in Alberta, Canada, to prevent and improve the symptoms of PTSI among first responders and to improve their overall quality of life. We will evaluate post-traumatic symptoms and the impact of Text4PTSI on stress, anxiety and depression in relation to correspondent's demographic backgrounds. METHODS First Responders who subscribe to Text4PTSI receive daily supportive and psychoeducational text messages for six months. The text messages are pre-programmed into an online software program delivering messages to subscribers. Baseline and follow-up data are collected through online questionnaires using validated scales at enrollments of 6 weeks, 12 weeks and 24 weeks (endpoint). In-depth interviews will be conducted to assess satisfaction with the text-based intervention. RESULTS We hypothesize that participants who enrol in this program will have improved PTSI symptoms, increased or improved quality of life and significant reduction of associated stress, depression and anxiety symptoms, among other psychological concerns. Improvement will be determined in comparison to established baseline parameters. CONCLUSIONS Text4PTSI is a practical, economic and easily accessible intervention, which provides supportive text messages and serves as an acceptable and evidence-informed way of preventing and managing symptoms associated with PTSI for first-responders. Results from this research will be beneficial for practitioners and will inform policy and decision making regarding psychological interventions for PTSI.

Long-Term Psychiatric Morbidity in the Aftermath of CS Spray Trauma

2003 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 98-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajan Nathan ◽  
Harry Wood ◽  
Keith Rix ◽  
Eric Wright ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Physical Effects ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Exposure To Trauma

The physical effects of CS spray are well documented. However, less is known about the impact of its use by the police on the psychological health of those exposed. In this study we explored the psychiatric morbidity of a group of 30 individuals who experienced the same trauma, a significant part of which was exposure to CS spray. Just over a quarter suffered post-traumatic stress disorder. It is proposed that more attention needs to be paid to the psychological effects of the use of CS spray by the police. Consistent with other studies, a past psychiatric history and a more external locus of control was associated with post-traumatic morbidity. The latter finding may have implications for psychological interventions after exposure to trauma.

scholarly journals Investigating the Psychological Impact of COVID-19 among Healthcare Workers: A Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (23) ◽  
pp. 9096
Author(s):  
Kavita Batra ◽  
Tejinder Pal Singh ◽  
Manoj Sharma ◽  
Ravi Batra ◽  
Nena Schvaneveldt
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
Subgroup Analysis ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Pooled Prevalence ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
The Impact

Previous meta-analyses were conducted during the initial phases of the COVID-19 pandemic, which utilized a smaller pool of data. The current meta-analysis aims to provide additional (and updated) evidence related to the psychological impact among healthcare workers. The search strategy was developed by a medical librarian and bibliographical databases, including Medline, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Scopus were searched for studies examining the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the psychological health of healthcare workers. Articles were screened by three reviewers. Heterogeneity among studies was assessed by I2 statistic. The random-effects model was utilized to obtain the pooled prevalence. A subgroup analysis by region, gender, quality of study, assessment methods, healthcare profession, and exposure was performed. Publication bias was assessed by Funnel plot and Egger linear regression test. Sixty-five studies met the inclusion criteria and the total sample constituted 79,437 participants. The pooled prevalence of anxiety, depression, stress, post-traumatic stress syndrome, insomnia, psychological distress, and burnout was 34.4%, 31.8%, 40.3%, 11.4%, 27.8%, 46.1%, and 37.4% respectively. The subgroup analysis indicated higher anxiety and depression prevalence among females, nurses, and frontline responders than males, doctors, and second-line healthcare workers. This study highlights the need for designing a targeted intervention to improve resilience and foster post-traumatic growth among frontline responders.

Impact of Terrorist Attacks on the Profile of Consultants at the Outpatient Department of Razi Hospital

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S727-S727
Author(s):  
R. Trabelsi ◽  
A. Bouasker ◽  
H. Zalila
Keyword(s):  
Stress Disorders ◽  
Terrorist Attacks ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Preventive Activity ◽  
Female Predominance ◽  
Traumatic Stress Disorders ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Time

IntroductionA trauma is an uncommon experience of violence in which the physical and psychological integrity of an individual or group has been threatened. Intentional violence in general and terrorist attacks in particular are a perfect example of this. It turns out that during the year 2015 Tunisia was shaken by a series of terrorist attacks as sudden as violent. What impact would these actions have on the profile of consultants at the Razi hospital?MethodsA retrospective and descriptive study of the consultants between January 1, 2015 and December 31, 2015, while determining the socio-demographic, clinical and therapeutic profile of the consultants for the first time at the outpatient clinic of the Razi psychiatric hospital, and indicating the different changes during the month following each attack; Bardo 18 March, Sousse 26 June and Mohamed V 24 November.ResultsOur study pointed to an increase in the number of consultants at the hospital (31%) and outpatient (128%) levels during the year 2015, without increasing the number of consultants New consultants. The new consultants are younger with a strengthening of the female predominance (56.8). In the months following the attacks from the same period of the previous year, we found that diagnoses of acute and post-traumatic stress disorders (151%) and (93%) increased in percentage.ConclusionThe impact of terrorist attacks is harmful to people directly exposed but also to vulnerable people. It imposes the necessity of a preventive activity involving multidisciplinary interventions in order to develop the concept of resilience.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals COVID-19 pandemic and quarantine-related health disorders in combatants of Ukraine

Pathologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 340-345
Author(s):  
N. V. Danilevska
Keyword(s):  
Conversion Disorder ◽  
Medical Psychology ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Health Disorders ◽  
Medical University ◽  
The Military ◽  
The Impact

Here we expand the existing knowledge about disorders associated with the COVID-19-related pandemic and quarantine. We show that the COVID-19-related pandemic and quarantine can reduce the combat effectiveness of the military, provoking a deterioration in the health of combatants and requires hospitalization. Aim. Investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and quarantine on the health of Ukrainian combatants. Material and methods. A study was conducted between March 12, 2020 and May 22, 2020 at the Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, General and Medical Psychology, Narcology, and Sexology in Zaporizhzhia State Medical University and Zaporizhzhia military hospital (Ukraine). All combatants who were hospitalized during this period were examined. We analyzed medical records, anamnestic data, and performed psychopathological and psychological examinations of all patients. Results. In 56 % of combatants hospitalized during high quarantine measures, the cause of health disorders is negative COVID-19 pandemic and quarantine-related thoughts that provoke stress. These stressful thoughts associated with the COVID-19 pandemic and quarantine provoke the development of hypertensive emergency (57 % vs 18 %), anxiety syndrome (29 %), dissociative [conversion] disorder (7 %), and exacerbate the negative effects of pre-pandemic diseases, namely, hypertension (43 % vs 27 %), somatoform autonomic dysfunction of the cardiovascular system (29 %), panic disorder [episodic paroxysmal anxiety] (7 %), adjustment disorders (7 %), post-traumatic stress disorder (7 %). Conclusions. Preventive measures need to be developed and applied to combatants to prevent their deteriorating health due to the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and quarantine stress

scholarly journals Cost effectiveness of interventions for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders following major incidents including terrorism and pandemics

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Hogan ◽  
Martin Knapp ◽  
David McDaid ◽  
Mark Davies ◽  
Chris R. Brewin
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Stress Disorders ◽  
Major Incident ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Treatment As Usual ◽  
Major Incidents ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
The Impact

AbstractBackgroundPost-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is commonly experienced in the aftermath of major incidents such as terrorism and pandemics. Well-established principles of response include effective and scalable treatment for individuals affected by PTSD. In England, such responses have combined proactive outreach, screening, and evidence-based interventions (a “screen-and-treat” approach), but little is known about the cost-effectiveness of this approach.MethodsA decision modelling analysis was undertaken to estimate the costs per quality adjusted life year (QALY) gained from a screen-and-treat approach compared to treatment-as-usual. Model input variables were drawn from relevant empirical studies in the context of terrorism and the unit costs of health and social care in England. The model was run over a five-year time horizon for a hypothetical cohort of 1,000 exposed adults from the perspective of the National Health Service and Personal Social Services in England.ResultsThe incremental cost per QALY gained was £8,297. This would be considered cost-effective 95% of the time at a willingness-to-pay threshold of £20,000 per QALY gained, the threshold associated with NICE. Sensitivity analysis confirmed this result was robust.ConclusionsA screen-and-treat approach for identifying and treating PTSD in adults following major incidents appears cost-effective in England compared to treatment-as-usual through conventional primary care routes. This finding was in the context of terrorism but can be translatable into other major-incident related scenarios including the current COVID-19 pandemic in lieu of data on the impact of this pandemic.

ON THE PATH OF ESTABLISHING A UNIFIED SYSTEM OF PSYCHOLOGICAL REHABILITATION OF VETERANS – COMBAT PARTICIPANTS IN UKRAINE

2020 ◽  
pp. 13-18
Author(s):  
S. Safin
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
The Body ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Normal Behavior ◽  
The Status ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Post War ◽  
The Military ◽  
Former Ussr

The issues of rehabilitating and restoring the psychics and the body of the military personnel initially after combat activitiesbecomes urgent practically directly after the hostilities have come to an end. Such an understanding of the issue of “psychologicaldisinfection” has not been instantly established. For a certain reason there’s no reflection with regard to the Soviet post-war period,the historic experience to a certain extent when the vast majority of the male population of the former USSR had the experience ofparticipating in the Second World war. It was those that have managed to return home alive, crippled by the traumatic combat stresshad to face this issue alone, for due to the overwhelming ideological input to the psychological science there was no one who hadboth interest and ability to identify this problem, without even the further discussion of solving it.At the beginning of October this year in Ukraine it has been officially announced to establish a system of rehabilitation for theveterans of combat activities. The initial matter at hand is psychological rehabilitation, and also the educational measures of socialcohesiveness. Its creation is facilitated and implemented by the Ministry of Internal Affairs, The Ministry of Defense, the Ministry ofhealthcare and the Ministry of veterans of Ukraine. In accordance with recent data that have been published by the Ministry ofVeteran affairs, the status of a participant of combat activities has been granted to more than 460 000 individuals. The vast majorityof them need a complex and multilayer program of support. The introduction of the system of veterans of combat activities will grantthe opportunity for the veterans to return from war not only in terms of their body but also in terms of their mind.One of the most complex issues for Ukraine is the rehabilitation and readapting of combatants, plenty of whom happen to havethe post-traumatic stress syndrome. The basic concept used by professionals towards the war veterans suffering from PTRS beforethe initial start of combat activities in the East of Ukraine was that it has been necessary to distract their attention from thetraumatizing events that have caused PTRS, and by doing so assisting them to be normal, to adapt its way of behavior to thegenerally accepted norms. The practically comes down to the following that an individual who has received a psychological traumais obliged to modify its behavior in such a way not to be differentiated from the overwhelming mass of citizens, that as a majorityadhere to similar views in terms of what type of behavior is socially accepted and which is not. However, this sort of adaptation isunlikely to be useful to an individual who has been under extreme circumstances for a long period of time to regain inner solace andthe joy of life. This kind of approach could deceive the veteran that in order to heal he is obliged to modify his behavior in order tobecome like “everybody else” and thus to stop act, think and feel in an original manner. The vast majority of combatants that aretrying to adapt, and force themselves to “normal” behavior, experience the main difficulties due to the fact that there are offered ascure simply to erase the past, and thus to get rid not only of the ugly repulsive phantoms of war but also the lessons of nobility,honor and heroism. This is a path which does not lead to an integral personality, for it suggests to cure the implications of a deceaseand not its cause and therefore the aim and purpose of such a “treatment” is for the most part not the psychological health, butrather the psych prophylaxis of delinquent behavior. Therefore, the mentioned approach cannot lead to full fledge healing of thecombatant.

scholarly journals Traumatic experiences and post-traumatic stress disorder among elderly Germans: results of a representative population-based survey

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 661-670 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heide Glaesmer ◽  
Thomas Gunzelmann ◽  
Elmar Braehler ◽  
Simon Forstmeier ◽  
Andreas Maercker
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Stress Disorders ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
World War ◽  
Post Traumatic

ABSTRACTBackground:Only a few population-based studies on the epidemiology of post-traumatic stress disorders (PTSDs) are available to date. Most of the existing studies are from the U.S.A. Against the background of World War II, the extent and long-term effects of war-related traumatic experiences in the German elderly population are of special interest. Nevertheless, population-based data on this topic are lacking to date.Methods:This study examines the occurrence of traumatic experiences and the prevalence rates of PTSD according to DSM-IV and of partial PTSD in a randomly selected sample of the German general population aged 60 years and over (N = 814) using self-rating instruments.Results:PTSD is apparent in 3.4%; when partial post-traumatic stress syndromes are included, a total of 7.2% of the aged population are involved. The most common individual symptoms resulting from war-induced trauma are avoidance of thoughts and feelings, sleep disturbances, distressing dreams and intrusive thoughts. The most frequently mentioned traumatic experiences of the generation examined in this study were war-related trauma experienced as children or in early adulthood during World War II. As a person's age increases, so does the prevalence of war-related traumatic experiences. There are some gender differences in traumatic experiences, but not in post-traumatic symptoms.Conclusion:The results emphasize the importance of war-related traumatic experiences from World War II in the German elderly population and their impact on the prevalence of PTSD more than 60 years later.

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