APPROACHES AND EFFECTIVE METHODS OF INSTRUCTION IN THE FOREIGN LANGUAGE FOR SPECIAL PURPOSES

At the present stage of expanding international contacts in various fields of activity for students it is becoming increasinglyimportant to expand their knowledge of languages outside of everyday foreign language (English). Learning foreign languages hasa number of benefits, including facilitating effective communication and building partnerships, business and military relationships with people from other countries/cultures. Since there are a number of factors that affect the effective acquisition of a foreign language in the context of bilin gualism, modern methods of teaching foreign languages have their own characteristics, considering the target areas and standards. There are many approaches to foreign language teaching developed at the end of the last centurythat have become widely used in teaching foreign languages for special purposes in higher education at the present stage of learning. The range of teaching methods varies depending on which aspects of language acquisition they emphasize – from teaching grammar to the lexicographic component of modern English-language culture of business and professional communication, which are seen as an element of communication skills of young military and civilian professionals [1]. As there is a wide range of different approaches and methods of teaching a foreign language for professional purposes used in lessons, the question will be whether there is evidence that some methods are more effective in acquiring and maintaining acquired skills. The article presents practical recommendations for motivating students to free oral/written communication in a foreign language, taking into account professional needs; the sequence of stages at which new programs for studying a foreign language of special purpose are logically executed, and also offers concerning a vocabulary is provided. The article evaluates and analyzes the latest trends in the methodology of teaching foreign languages, which provides a basis for effective study of a foreign language for professional purposes, taking into account the communicative orientation military, business and professional communication.

GEOINFORMATION SYSTEMS IN FOREST RESOURCES MONITORING

The total area of the forest fund of Ukraine is 10400000 hectares, of which 9600000 hectares are covered with forest vegetation. In total, 15.9 % of the country's area is covered by forests. This figure is growing: in 50 years the area of forests increased by 21 %, almost three times increased stock of wood – it is estimated within 2102 million cubic meters. But this is not enough. Today there are a number of problems connected with forestry, for example: mass destruction of forests, lack of forest development strategy, low level of forest resources use, lack of reliable information about the biomass condition, forest fires. According to the State Agency of Forest Resources of Ukraine, the volume of unauthorized felling has been steadily decreasing for a long time, during 2005-2010. However, already in 2011 it was 25,100 cubic meters, which is 2.2 thousand more than in the previous year, 2007. However, this statistic, too, is mostly about illegal logging by local people, so it reflects very small volumes. The largest number of poached logging is recorded in the Lviv region. For example, in 2018 in the region 12,047 cubic meters of wood were illegally cut, and the figures do not stand still. As a consequence, this situation over time can lead to environmental degradation, increased water and wind erosion, degradation of agricultural land. The forest industry is one of the promising industries in Ukraine, for which it is advisable to use the tools of geographic information systems that provide detailed and necessary information, which greatly simplifies the work in research, analysis and prediction of the dynamics of the forestry fund of Ukraine. With the help of geospatial analysis tools we open up new horizons in the development and organization of forestry production, control and management of forests at all levels. This is why in today's conditions the introduction of geoinformation technologies can not only save money, but also save large areas of the forest fund and hundreds of diligent villages, settlements and cities. The events that took place in April 2020 showed that the lack of active monitoring of burning areas has painful consequences. The fire destroyed almost 40 houses in the resettled villages, Lichmans Srednyaya Rudnya, Nizhnyaya Rudnya and Verkhnyaya Rudnya, 45 buildings were saved, about 5 % of the protected area, 11500 hectares in the southwestern part of the Chernobyl Reserve were affected. These villages in Zhytomyr region were resettled after Chernobyl. More than 2000 people and 120 units of equipment were involved in extinguishing the fireі.

ECONOMETRICS OF NATIONAL SECURITY AND DEFENSE OF UKRAINE

The article provides the importance of Ukraine's economic development to ensure national security, highlights the main internal and external threats to Ukraine's national security, such as: hybrid economic war, the "needle" of loans from the International Monetary Fund, communal tariffs, opening the gas market in Ukraine, inefficient introduction of the circulation of domestic agricultural lands and insufficient use of the capabilities of the country's economy. The cyclical nature of economic development is practically proved by distinguishing four phases of economic development of the studied countries for the last ten years, weak efficiency of economic policy of Ukraine and possible applied mechanisms of economic growth. An econometric analysis of GDP of Ukraine and countries that occupy the largest share in Ukrainian imports of goods, the budget of Ukraine and the budget of the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine using the method of least squares and even linear regressions, calculated the intensity of changes in Ukraine's economic processes. The model of gross domestic product of Ukraine depending on the gross domestic product of China, Poland, Russia, Turkey, Germany, Italy, Belarus, the United States and France (nine-factor model), as well as the model of Ukraine's defense budget depending on the domestic gross domestic product product, budget expenditures, taxes, minimum and average wages and inflation (seven-factor model). On the example of the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine as a public sector institution, the registration algorithm for economic (additional) activities by military units and the distribution of revenues to increase the special fund of the state budget of Ukraine and create recovery of the country economy in general.

PROBLEMS OF LEGAL REGULATION OF THE USE OF POLYGRAPH IN THE SECURITY AND DEFENSE SECTOR OF UKRAINE

The year 2021 was proclaimed the year of the Euro-Atlantic transformation at the Department of Defense of Ukraine. The result of such transformational processes in the DoD of Ukraine and the Armed Forces of Ukraine will be the creation of the integrated Euro-Atlantic type defense institution that will ensure their obligatory transformation, together with the other subjects of the security and defense sector of Ukraine to the new standards functioning and the command and control procedure. In particular, the introduction of legal regulation of the use of the polygraph. Military security is one of the fundamental requirements to implement the right of the people of Ukraine on self-identification, preserve Ukraine as a state and secure its sustainable development. The protection of the sovereignty and territorial integrity of Ukraine is the utmost valuable function of the State. The fulfillment of this norm of the Constitution of Ukraine in terms of existential military threat to national security requires applying a number of measures and defensive actions that adhere to the principles and norms of international law. The main purpose of the Strategy of the military security of Ukraine is a preliminary prepared and comprehensively maintained all-encompassing defense of Ukraine based on the principles of deterrence, sustainability, and cooperation that ensures military security, sovereignty, and territorial integrity of the state by introducing innovative tools to detect hidden information. In the course of the Euro-Atlantic integration process, there is a critical moment to start carrying out specific, complex, and relevant tasks in the sphere of external political activity that facilitate the implementation of relevant directions in developing innovative systems aimed at identifying concealed and false information. Particularly, the linguistic support of events of defense and military cooperation in order to systematically implement the reforms of the security and defense sector that are directed to meet the international NATO-members' standards. It is also relevant to urgently implement the legal and ethical norms on the activity of the polygraph examiner's when performing a psychophysiological detection of deception using a polygraph.

THE DEVELOPMENT OF TOPOGRAPHIC MAPPING OF UKRAINE

The basic principles and current state of topographic mapping of the territory of Ukraine are considered. Prior to the proclamation of Ukraine's independence, its territory was covered by topographic maps in the scale of 1:10 000 to 1: 1 000 000, created by the Main Department of Geodesy and Cartography under the USSR Council of Ministers and the Military Topographic Service of the USSR Armed Forces. The interaction of these departments in topographic mapping is highlighted. The topographic study of Ukrainian territory as of 1991 is analyzed in detail. Today the content of most topographic maps of scales from 1:10 000 to 1: 200 000 is characterized by "aging" of information and does not correspond to the current state of the area. The unsatisfactory state of topographic study of the territory led to the unclaimed topographic maps with much outdated information for consumers, and for the military it very difficult to perform combat tasks. The needs of current topographic information users require a significant improvement in topographic maps content. Since the mid-1990s, the creation of national geospatial data infrastructures has become crucial for providing spatial information to the state and society. The basic principles and general requirements for the creation and updating of state topographic maps are now defined by the "Procedure for national topographic and thematic mapping" (2013). The adoption of the Law of Ukraine "On the National Infrastructure of Geospatial Data", giving a powerful impetus to topographic mapping, poses a responsible task of organizational and regulatory and technical support of this process. The issue of obtaining topographic maps from the topographic database requires scientific and technical elaboration, development of appropriate normative and technical documents (guides, principles, instructions, symbols, etc.).

TECHNOLOGY FOR DEVELOPMENT AND SUBSTANTIATION OF THE SEMANTIC COMPONENT OF THE PROFESSIONAL PROFILE OF ANOFFICER-PSYCHOLOGIST OF THE ARMED FORCES OF UKRAINE

The professional profile of an officer-psychologist of the Armed Forces of Ukraine clearly defines the activities of specialist, the dominate type of activities in his work, and qualities that ensure the successful performing of duties. The professional profile of an officer-psychologist of the Armed Forces of Ukraine generally answers the following questions: what activity is analyzed and what is the subject and purpose of this activity, what are the criteria for assessing the effectiveness of professional activities; what are the factors that affect the psyche of military specialist; what are the special requirements for soldiers. According to the results of the questionnaire survey of experts the professionally important qualities of readiness of the officer-psychologist for professional activity in the Armed Forces were determined on the basis of the obtained and mathematically processed results of the questionnaire. The indicators of professionally important (necessary) qualities were determined, namely moral-volitional and emotional traits of an officer-psychologist of the Armed Forces of Ukraine. The competencies, that are acquired during the formation of the readiness of future psychologists for professional activity in the Armed Forces and should be formed as a result of professional training, have been developed on the basis of scientific and practical analysis. They are the following: the navigate in difficult combat situations, the ability to take optimal decisions and set tasks to subordinate units in a combat situation based on the analysis of received information, the assessment of the situation and ability to provide tactical calculations, the ability to develop and maintain combat documents and records. The professional profile of the officer-psychologist of the Armed Forces of Ukraine clearly defines the activities of specialist, the dominate type of activities in his work, and qualities that ensure the successful performing of duties. The training of a modern officer-psychologist of the Armed Forces of Ukraine is aimed at ensuring the harmonious development of the personality of an officer of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, that implies the development of all potential opportunities inherent in a specialist. The military psychologist should be prepared for the practical activities as a result of mastering of professional knowledge, skills and abilities (planned result of education), theoretical competence, the formation of professional competencies of a soldier.

MILITARY-PEDAGOGICAL ORIENTATION OF MILITARY SPECIALIST TRAINING

The military-pedagogical process is a complex socio-psychological phenomenon. Its essence lies in purposeful, motivated, substantive organizational and educational activities of all its subjects. This activity is aimed at preparing the military specialists who are able to successfully perform their functional duties both in peacetime and in modern war conditions. The strength of the country's defense capability and combat readiness in modern conditions is ensured by a high level of intellectual potential of the Armed Forces of Ukraine. This potential is being formed as a set of potentials of highly qualified personnel of military specialists. Today the task of reforming military education is not limited only to structural and functional transformations of the educational base and restructuring of the educational process. It is necessary to create an environment (a system of higher military education) for constant spiritual and professional improvement of the individual and motivation to achieve a high level of military professionalism. Access of educational institutions to modern information technologies contributed to the emergence of interactive forms of learning and transformation of the subject of learning from a passive participant and its active involvement in the learning process. Given the development of digital technologies and the difficult state in which Ukraine found itself due to military action and the negative epidemiological situation, it is appropriate to create a system of higher military education using the subject-activity approach and the introduction of forms of distance learning. It is proposed to direct the military-pedagogical training of specialists along six lines. The assessment of the level of conformity of a serviceman's actual professional qualities with the requirements to the occupied military position is important in the professional-psychological selection in the Armed Forces. That is why it is expedient to develop a model of recreation of intellectual potential of servicemen and a methodology for evaluating the general level of intellectual resources of the Armed Forces of Ukraine. In the basis of construction of such model it is offered to put directions of military-pedagogical training of military specialists together with professionally important criteria of evaluation of recreating of moral-psychological qualities of servicemen of the Armed Forces of Ukraine.

ASPECTS OF LEGAL REGULATION OF MILITARY AND DUAL-USE GOODS BLACK EXPORT

The research on some aspects of legal regulation of military and dual-use goods black exports is carried out in the article. It is based on the analysis of modern views of scientists on the definition of "shadow market of military and dual-use goods", "black export of military and dual-use goods", "gray export of military and dual-use goods", as well as current legislation in relevant field. It is established that the smuggling process is not identical to the process of black export of military and dual-use goods, as the list of its items, as defined by Article 201 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, is much smaller than the list of objects within the process investigated in the article and the inventory of which is stipulated by the state control over international transfers of military goods, approved by the Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine of November 20, 2003 № 1807, as well as the Procedure for state control over international transfers of dual-use goods approved by the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine of January 28, 2004 № 86. The articles of the Criminal Code of Ukraine according to which actions within the process under consideration can be qualified are given, as well as the ways of improvement of the existing legislation, through modification of article 333 of the Criminal code of Ukraine that will allow to strengthen punishments for the made actions of the investigated process in the conditions of the special period state. The need for further research in the field of legal regulation of shadow markets for military and dual-use goods should be focused on gray exports, which will form a holistic picture of shadow markets for military and dual-use goods and form a single concept of their eradication.

IMPROVING THE METHODOLOGY OF MONITORING THE INFORMATION SPACE USING GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS

Growing opportunities for the use of modern geographic information technologies in the military sphere force us to reconsider traditional approaches to the use of tools and methods for analyzing existing information and analytical materials to improve the efficiency of information activities in accordance with the competence of the MOU and the Armed Forces. At the same time, the growing intensity of the dynamics of peacetime and armed struggle (conflicts) implies the presence and circulation of a large amount of information that requires processing, storage, transmission to consumers, which makes it impossible for human operator (analyst) to make an informed decision. Under these circumstances, there is a need to use modern geographic information systems aimed at supporting decision-making in conditions of limited, temporal and spatial parameters. Changes in the content of passive intelligence are associated with the use of geographic information systems (GIS), which combine the collection, processing of information about the area with hydrometeorological, operational and tactical, intelligence and other information, which provides qualitative analysis and modeling of the most rational solutions. in the interests of armed struggle. The constant increase in the amount of information required and the reduction of decision-making time determine the urgency of the problem, to solve which it is necessary to develop geographic information systems and use them in planning and managing combat operations of units of the Armed Forces of Ukraine. One of the tasks of passive remote reconnaissance is to identify the coordinates of the enemy. In the future, these coordinates must be presented in a user-friendly form. This is achieved through the creation of military information systems for various purposes, an important component of which are the means of processing digital information about the area in conjunction with various data about the enemy and their troops. It is possible to solve such problems with the use of passive remote reconnaissance systems based on reconnaissance and signaling devices. Based on the analysis of existing RSPs for the effective solution of such problems, one of the possible options is the use of seismic acoustic systems. The operation of seismic systems is based on the detection of the presence in the environment of propagation (surface layer of the earth) of seismic waves that occur during the movement of the intruder in the observation area using seismic sensors and (air, liquids or solids) acoustic waves using acoustic sensors. The use of passive remote reconnaissance based on seismic monitoring together with geographic information systems will eliminate the human factor (errors), reduce human costs, reduce time costs for data processing, and store the information in GIS databases, which is relevant to this topic. The use of geographic information systems will eliminate personnel losses.

APPLICATION OF SYSTEMATIC APPROACH IN THE PROCESS OF FORMING THE READINESS OF AFU FUTURE OFFICERS FOR PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITY: THEORY AND PRACTICE

The article discusses the use of the system approach of future officers training in higher military educational institutions, analyzes the basic principles of the pedagogical system, which are defined by the system as a holistic organized set of military training, which ensures stable behavior and effective results of military education. The basic systems of professional training in higher military educational institutions, which have the conditional level of involvement in the educational process, are revealed. However, the basis is the inalienability of all systems in the training of future officers of the Armed Forces, and the interchangeability or absence of any training system leads to irreparable consequences, the result of which is not fully formed professional readiness of an officer of the Armed Forces. Theoretically, professional readiness is formed as knowledge, skills and competencies fully acquired, but the important point remains whether psychological professional readiness is formed during the extreme situation of military service. In view of the material presented in the scientific article, the conclusion is that the training of officers of the Armed Forces in higher military educational institutions is a system one. The result of the training process of future officers in higher military educational institutions is a high level of cadets readiness for practical activities, which can be achieved only by streamlining the system on the basis of certain principles to which we include: the principle of objectivity, completeness, specific historical (genetic) approach, systematics, contradictions of pedagogical experience. This makes it possible to organize the specific functioning of all subsystems of future officers training and their effective interaction in accordance with the aspect and general goals and objectives. When modeling the system approach of professional training in higher military educational institutions the main pedagogical systems (types of training) involved in the training of officers of the Armed Forces are used. Each of them has its purpose and objectives, specific content, means and methods. Because the professional training of future officers of the Armed Forces is an integration process of formation of the same five basic systems (theoretical, psychological, physical, training and practical (officer training in combat units)).