scholarly journals Simulation of the synthesis reaction conditions of organic compounds and the behavior of the polymer complex under these conditions

2017 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 50-55
Author(s):  
Meiram Burkeev ◽  
◽  
Tazhbaev ◽  
Davrenbekov ◽  
Negim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Polymer Complex ◽  
Synthesis Reaction ◽  
Reaction Conditions

Palladium-Catalyzed Anti-Markovnikov Oxidation of Aromatic and Aliphatic Alkenes to Terminal Acetals and Aldehydes

Synthesis ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuyuki Ura
Keyword(s):  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Catalytic System ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Nucleophilic Attack ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Terminal Alkenes ◽  
Palladium Catalyzed ◽  
Substrate Addition ◽  
Cyclic Alkenes

AbstractCatalytic anti-Markovnikov (AM) oxidation of terminal alkenes can provide terminally oxyfunctionalized organic compounds. This short review mainly summarizes our recent progress on the Pd-catalyzed AM oxidations of aromatic and aliphatic terminal alkenes to give terminal acetals (oxidative acetalization) and aldehydes (Wacker-type oxidation), along with related reports. These reactions demonstrate the efficacy of the PdCl2(MeCN)2/CuCl/electron-deficient cyclic alkenes/O2 catalytic system. Notably, electron-deficient cyclic alkenes such as p-benzoquinones (BQs) and maleimides are key additives that facilitate nucleophilic attack of oxygen nucleophiles on coordinated terminal alkenes and enhance the AM selectivity. BQs also function to oxidize Pd(0) depending on the reaction conditions. Several other factors that improve the AM selectivity, such as the steric demand of the nucleo­philes, slow substrate addition, and halogen-directing groups, are also discussed.1 Introduction2 Anti-Markovnikov Oxidation of Aromatic Alkenes to Terminal Acetals­3 Anti-Markovnikov Oxidation of Aromatic Alkenes to Aldehydes4 Anti-Markovnikov Oxidation of Aliphatic Alkenes to Terminal Acetals­5 Anti-Markovnikov Oxidation of Aliphatic Alkenes to Aldehydes6 Conclusion

scholarly journals Iodonium-Catalyzed Carbonyl–Olefin Metathesis Reactions

Synlett ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (17) ◽  
pp. 1966-1970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulia Oss ◽  
Thanh Vinh Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Transition Metal ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Synthesis ◽  
Olefin Metathesis ◽  
Lewis Acids ◽  
Functional Group ◽  
Iodine Monochloride ◽  
Metathesis Reaction ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Recent Developments

The carbonyl–olefin metathesis reaction has become increasingly important in organic synthesis due to its versatility in functional group interconversion chemistry. Recent developments in the field have identified a number of transition-metal and organic Lewis acids as effective catalysts for this reaction. Herein, we report the use of simple organic compounds such as N-iodosuccinimide or iodine monochloride to catalyze the carbonyl–olefin metathesis process under mild reaction conditions. This work broadens the scope of this chemical transformation to include iodonium sources as simple and practical catalysts.

The influence of reaction conditions in the oxidation of organic compounds of nuclear laundry water by ozone

2010 ◽  
Vol 61 (10) ◽  
pp. 2557-2561 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. K. Vilve ◽  
M. E. T. Sillanpää
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Biochemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Ozone Treatment ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Oxidation Of Organic Compounds

This paper presents a summary of degrading organic compounds of nuclear laundry water by ozonation in different conditions of pH, hydrogen peroxide and ultraviolet radiation. The degradation of organic compounds was analysed by chemical oxygen demand (COD), total organic carbon (TOC) and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD). The optimal degradation conditions were at pH 7 with ozone, UV radiation and hydrogen peroxide addition. The transfer of ozone increased significantly, thus resulting in decreased treatment time compared to ozone treatment alone. The reductions of COD, TOC and BOD were 46%, 32% and 70%, respectively.

scholarly journals Fair Look at Coordination Oligomerization of Higher α-Olefins

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1082 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilya Nifant’ev ◽  
Pavel Ivchenko
Keyword(s):  
Transition Metal ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Acid Catalysis ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Distinct Advantage ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Efficient Alternative ◽  
Amphiphilic Organic Compounds ◽  
Metallocene Complexes

Coordination catalysis is a highly efficient alternative to more traditional acid catalysis in the oligomerization of α-olefins. The distinct advantage of transition metal-based catalysts is the structural homogeneity of the oligomers. Given the great diversity of the catalysts and option of varying the reaction conditions, a wide spectrum of processes can be implemented. In recent years, both methylenealkanes (vinylidene dimers of α-olefins) and structurally uniform oligomers with the desired degrees of polymerization have become available for later use in the synthesis of amphiphilic organic compounds and polymers, high-quality oils or lubricants, and other prospective materials. In the present review, we discussed the selective dimerization and oligomerization of α-olefins, catalyzed by metallocene and post-metallocene complexes, and explored the prospects for the further applications of the coordination α-olefin dimers and oligomers.

Ozone Degradation of Alcohols, Ketones, Ethers and Hydroxybenzenes: Determination of Pathways and Kinetic Parameters

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Slavcho K. Rakovsky ◽  
Metody P. Anachkov ◽  
Vesselin I. Iliev ◽  
Alexander E. Eliyas
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Parameters ◽  
Thermodynamic Parameters ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Solvents ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Ozone Reactions ◽  
Reaction Schemes

AbstractThe review, based on 92 references, is focused on degradation of organics by ozonation and it comprises various classes of oxygen-containing organic compounds - alcohols, ketones, ethers and hydroxybenzenes. The mechanisms of a multitude of ozone reactions with these compounds in organic solvents are discussed in details, presenting the respective reaction schemes and the corresponding kinetic parameters are given and some thermodynamic parameters are also listed. The dependencies of the kinetics and the mechanism of the ozonation reactions on the structure of the compounds, on the medium and on the reaction conditions are revealed. The various possible applications of ozonolysis are specified and discussed. All these reactions have practical importance for the protection of the environment.

Iodination of Organic Compounds with Elemental Iodine in the Presence of Hydrogen Peroxide in Ionic Liquid Media

2008 ◽  
Vol 61 (12) ◽  
pp. 946 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jasminka Pavlinac ◽  
Kenneth K. Laali ◽  
Marko Zupan ◽  
Stojan Stavber
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Liquid Media ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Solid Form ◽  
Elemental Iodine ◽  
Solvent Free Reaction

Iodo-transformations using the reagent system I2/H2O2 were studied in the water miscible ionic liquid (IL) 1-butyl-3-methyl imidazolium tetrafluoroborate (bmimBF4) and in water immiscible IL, 1-butyl-3-methyl imidazolium hexafluorophosphate (bmimPF6). Two different forms of H2O2 as mediators of iodination were investigated, namely 30% aq. H2O2 and urea-H2O2 (UHP) in solid form. The role of the oxidant during the course of a reaction could be distinguished based on the amount of reagent required for the most efficient transformation. Two types of iodo-functionalizations through an electrophilic process were observed depending on the structure of the substrates. Whereas ring iodination took place in the case of dimethoxy- and trimethoxy-benzenes, with arylalkyl ketones the alkyl group α to the carbonyl was regioselectively iodinated. The results were further evaluated in comparison with iodination using the reagent system I2/H2O2 in water as medium, and under solvent-free reaction conditions, in terms of efficiency, selectivity, mechanism, and the ‘green’ aspects. The reusability/recycling of water immiscible bmimPF6 was investigated for 1,3,5-trimethoxy benzene (1b), which required a 1/0.5/0.6 molar ratio of substrat/I2/oxidant, and for 1,2,3-trimethoxy benzene (1f), which required a 1/1/1 ratio for complete iodine introduction. In addition, the efficiency of iodination was tested by varying the substrates, and employing the recycled hydrophobic IL bmimPF6.

scholarly journals Function of Nanocatalyst in Chemistry of Organic Compounds Revolution: An Overview

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kanagarajan Hemalatha ◽  
Gunabalan Madhumitha ◽  
Amir Kajbafvala ◽  
Narayanan Anupama ◽  
Rajesh Sompalle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Green Synthesis ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Heterocyclic Ring ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Reaction Condition ◽  
Pharmaceutical Applications ◽  
Current Review ◽  
Multistep Reaction

Heterocyclic motif is an important scaffold which has both industrial and pharmaceutical applications. These motifs can be prepared using wide variety of reaction conditions such as the use of expensive catalyst, toxic solvent, harsh reaction condition like the use of base, high temperature, and multistep reaction. Although various methods are involved, the chemistry arena is now shifted towards the greener way of synthesis. Nanocatalyst constitutes an important role in the green synthesis. This is because the activity of the catalyst resides in the exposed portion of the particles. By decreasing the size of the catalyst, advantages such as more surface area would be exposed to the reactant, only negligible amount would be required to give the significant result and selectivity could be achieved, thereby, eliminating the undesired products. The current review enlists the various types of nanocatalyst involved in the heterocyclic ring formation and also some other important functionalization over the ring.

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