scholarly journals Influence of low-molecular peptides isolated from mare’s milk on the performance of rats in case of physical exercise

2021 ◽  
Vol 101 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-57
Author(s):  
Kh.S. Sarsembaev ◽  
◽  
Yu.A. Sinyavsky ◽  
Kazis Milašius ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Mitochondrial Fraction ◽  
Treadmill Running ◽  
Erythrocyte Membranes ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Diene Conjugates ◽  
Femoral Muscle ◽  
Experimental Group

In an experiment on rats on the «Treadmill running» model, the performance indicators were studied, as well as the state of the antioxidant defense system, including the level of under-oxidized products in the blood serum, erythrocyte membranes and the mitochondrial fraction of the femoral muscle of animals against the background of 28-day intake of the fraction of non-molecular peptides isolated from mare's milk. In the experimental group, in comparison with the control animals, the running time on the treadmill on the 28th day increased by 73.5 %, while a positive trend of increasing the run time has been noted since the seventh day of training, gradually increasing to the 28th day of the training. The intake by animals of the enriched fraction of low molecular weight peptides against the background of physical activity was accompanied by a decrease in the MDA level in the membranes of erythrocytes by 25.3 %, and diene conjugates by 33.8 %, as well as the activation of superoxide dismutase and catalase in the membranes of erythrocytes. A similar change was found in the mitochondrial fraction of the femoral muscle of animals. The experimental group of rats showed a lower concentration of lactic acid in the blood serum by 40.6 %; and in the femoral muscle by 24.7 %. Pyretic acid content was not different from the initial values. These results substantiate the usefulness of low molecular weight peptides in the design of specialized products and dietary supplements for sports nutrition.

scholarly journals Dynamics of the Antioxidant System and Endogenous Intoxication in Patients Being Treated for Microbial Eczema

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 56-65
Author(s):  
М. M. Tlish ◽  
Е. К. Popandopulo
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Antioxidant System ◽  
Catalase Activity ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Antioxidant Defence ◽  
Endogenous Intoxication ◽  
Experimental Group

Aim. The paper studies the dynamics of the indicators defi ning the antioxidant system (AOS) and endogenous intoxication in patients with microbial eczema (ME) prior to and following treatment.Materials and methods. The experimental group consisted of patients with ME (n=30) and the control group comprising somatically healthy individuals (n=30). In this study, we determined the components of the antioxidant defence system in blood plasma and erythrocyte suspension, as well as assessed endogenous intoxication.Results. The study revealed an imbalance of indicators refl ecting the severity of oxidative stress and endogenous intoxication in patients suffering from ME. Prior to receiving treatment, the experimental group, as compared to the control group, exhibited an increase in catalase activity (CAT) up to 35.93 [32.50; 38.22] mmol / (min • l) (p < 0.001) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) up to 1194.27 [1069.50; 1375.78] μmol / (min • l) (p < 0.001). In addition, there was a decrease in the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) to 13.28 [11.35; 14.10] u/l (p < 0.001), glutathione reductase (GR) to 501.46 [479.77; 542.52] mmol / (min • l) (p < 0.001) and the concentration of reduced glutathione to 1.64 [1.59; 1.78] μmol / ml (p = 0.043). We observed no statistically signifi cant changes in the total antioxidant activity (TAA) of blood plasma (0.59 [0.55;0.62] mg/l; р = 0.375) and the sulphhydryl groups (0.44 [0.41;0.47] ODU; р =0.111). The patients with ME exhibited the syndrome of endogenous intoxication (SEI), accompanied by an increase in the content of medium and low molecular weight molecules in plasma to 12.19 [11.20; 13.37] arb. u. (p < 0.001), with their content in erythrocytes being relatively normal – 15.23 [14.26; 16.44] arb. u. (p = 0.005). Following the treatment, changes in the studied parameters were of a multidirectional character in relation to the control values. An increased level of CAT and GPx (р <0,001), as well as lower values of SOD and GR, continued to be observed (р < 0.001). The TAA in serum (p = 0.308), sulphhydryl groups (p = 0.111) and reduced glutathione (p = 0.107) did not differ signifi cantly from the control values. The treatment did not reverse the SEI: the content of medium and low molecular weight molecules continued to increase in both plasma and erythrocytes, as compared to the control values (p < 0.001 in both cases).Conclusion. The obtained data confi rm the failure of mechanisms underlying antioxidant defence in patients with ME. Despite the attempt of its compensation by increasing the catalase activity, SOD control values were still not reached. An increase in the GPx activity along with a decrease in GR was observed, which could have lead, in turn, to a decrease in the concentration of reduced glutathione. The failure of the antioxidant defence mechanisms is also indicated by an increase in the content of medium and low molecular weight molecules, as well as by the development of the SEI, resulting from the excessive formation of reactive oxygen species and the inability of the antioxidant system to neutralise them.

Potential Value of N-Desulfated Heparin without Anticoagulant Activity in Treatment of Complement-Mediated Lysis of Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria Erythrocytes.

Blood ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 104 (11) ◽  
pp. 2826-2826
Author(s):  
Haruhiko Ninomiya ◽  
Toshiro Nagasawa
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria ◽  
Anticoagulant Activity ◽  
Coagulation System ◽  
Erythrocyte Membranes ◽  
Bleeding Complications ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Thrombin Time ◽  
Potential Value ◽  
Hemolytic Crisis

Abstract Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) is clinically characterized by the complement (C’)-mediated intravascular lysis of PNH-affected erythrocytes and thrombotic diathesis. Treatment methods of intravascular hemolysis, especially on the hemolytic crisis, have not been established yet. Although several reagents have been used for the treatment of PNH hemolysis, the value of prednisone/prednisolone in treating the hemolysis of PNH is controversial; anti-C5 antibody is under clinical study. We previously demonstrated that heparin and low-molecular weight heparin (LMWH) inhibit C’-mediated hemolysis of PNH erythrocytes in vitro, by inhibiting insertion of C5b-7 into the erythrocyte membranes (Ninomiya et al: Inhibition of complement-mediated haemolysis in paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria by heparin or low-molecular weight heparon. Brit J Haematol109,875–881,2000). However, that the concentration of heparin (or even that of LMWH) required to inhibit C’-mediated lysis of PNH erythrocytes efficiently induces a profound prolongation of APTT (activated partial thromboplastin time) of plasma unables their clinical application. In the current study, we examined the inhibitory effects of heparin, LMWH (dalteparin), and N-desulfated heparin on C’-mediated lysis of PNH erythrocytes (sucrose hemolytic assay) and their anticoagulant effects on normal plasma coagulation system (APTT, TT (thrombin time), and AT-III (antithrombin)-enhancing activity). N-desulfated heparin inhibited C’-mediated lysis of PNH erythrocytes, equivalently to heparin or LMWH, on the basis of their uronic acid (UA) contents; IC50 values of heparin, LMWH, and N-desulfated heparin, was 0.8 U/ml (UA 2.9 μg/ml), 0.5 IU/ml (UA 2.3μg/ml), and 3.0μg/ml (UA 0.9μg/ml), respectively. Whereas the concentrations of heparin and LMWH, that exerted their anti-C’ activity efficiently, induced prolongations of APTT profoundly to clinically unapplicable extents, N-desulfated heparin (up to 50 μg/ml) did not show any anticoagulant activity. These data show a potential value of N-desulfated heparin for the treatment of C’-mediated intravascular lysis of PNH erythrocytes without bleeding complications due to its administration. Because anticoagulant therapy may be beneficial and indicated for the treatment of hemolysis in PNH, especially in hemolytic crisis increasing the risk of thrombotic complications, cocktail therapy of heparin (or LMWH) with N-desulfated heparin may be proposed.

scholarly journals The effect of prophylactic dose of a low molecular weight heparin on skin wound healing of rats

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 471-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ozdamar Fuad Oken ◽  
Ahmet Ozgur Yildirim ◽  
Murat Gulcek ◽  
Vuslat Sema Unal ◽  
Akin Karakuyu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Low Molecular Weight Heparin ◽  
Skin Wound ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Skin Wound Healing ◽  
Prophylactic Dose ◽  
Experimental Group

PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of prophylactic dose of a low molecular weight heparin, enoxaparin, on skin wound healing of rats. METHODS: Forty rats were used for the study. Rats were randomly assigned to two equal groups. Experimental group received prophylactic dose of enoxaparin. Physiologic saline was administered to the control group. Parameters of wound healing of experimental and control groups were compared. For comparison of the groups in terms of fibrosis, vascularization, inflammation, epithelization, and tensile strength test (Newton). Mann-Whitney-U test was used because variables were categorical data (fibrosis, vascularization, inflammation and epithelization). Differences between groups were analyzed with independent samples t-test (tensile strength). Significance was set at p<0.05. RESULTS: Skin wound of the experimental group presented tensile strength significantly decreased (p<0.001), histopathologic examination revealed a significant (p<0.001) delayed epithelization and decreased in fibrosis, vascularization, inflammation (p<0.001) in the experimental group. CONCLUSION: Enoxaparin delay wound healing by decreased inflammatory cells, fibroblast contents and their products (growth factors), and by promoted hemorrhage.

Effectiveness of Ice Pack Application on Level of Pain and Bruise Formation among Patients Receiving Subcutaneous Low Molecular Weight Heparin at Selected Hospitals of City

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Girigosavi Rani Kiran ◽  
Adhav Prajakta Niranjan
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Low Molecular Weight Heparin ◽  
Pain Scale ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cold Application ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Ice Pack

Background: Bruising is one of the most common adverse events following administration of enoxaparin sodium, which can lead to unpleasant consequences such as reduced access to various sites for injection, reduced satisfaction of patients from treatment and care provided. Cold application is helpful for better management of these side effects which could be easily accessible and economical for the patients. Cold application appears to be cheaper and easily available. Aim: The purpose of this study was to identify the effectiveness of ice pack application on level of pain and bruise formation among patients receiving subcutaneous low molecular weight heparin. Method: Quasi experimental nonequivalent control group posttest only design was adopted. The population comprised of 60 patients receiving subcutaneous low molecular weight heparin from selected hospitals of Pune. Sample of the study were 60 patients receiving subcutaneous low molecular weight heparin patients selected by convenient sampling. The patients in experimental group were provided with ice pack application before receiving subcutaneous low molecular weight heparin to reduce the level of pain and bruise formation. Data was collected by using numerical pain scale, visual analog scale and transparent ruler scale. Result: The study findings showed that average numerical pain score in experimental group was 3.87 and 6.33 in control group. Bruise size was measured in cm. In experimental group Average bruise formation size was 0.0233 after 24 hours of injection, 0.1633 after 48 hours of injection and 0.1766 after 72 hours of injection compared to control group 0.2733 after 24 hours of injection, 0.3933 after 48 hours of injection and 0.4066 after 72 hours of injection. There is significant difference in mean scores of experimental and control group. Conclusion: The findings of the study shows that the ice pack application is effective in reducing the level of pain and bruise formation among patients receiving

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