scholarly journals Catalytic oxidation of CO in gases emitted by industrial processes and vehicle exhaust

2021 ◽  
Vol 102 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-76
Author(s):  
I.G. Melikova ◽  
◽  
A.J. Efendi ◽  
E.M. Babayev ◽  
G.M. Faradjev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Deep Oxidation ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Oxidation Of Co ◽  
Catalytic Systems ◽  
High Oxygen Content ◽  
Exhaust Gases ◽  
Oil Refineries

A new type of catalysts not containing noble metal oxides have been developed and the possibilities of their application both for the complete neutralization of carbon monoxide in exhaust gases and the process of deep oxidation of volatile hydrocarbons are studied. It has been foundthatthe activity of catalysts based on vanadiumandphosphorus oxides supported on Al2O3, SiO2, TiO2by and their modification withof 1–3% oxides of Cu, Cr, Co, Zn enhanced the conversion of the deep oxidation process to 95–100% at the temperatures of 673–693K and volumetric velocities of 5000–10000 h–1. During the simultaneous oxidation of CO and C3H8at a CO conversion of 90%, the C3H8conversionwas 70%. It has been established that oxidation of CO and C1–C4 hydrocarbons, and especially propane, with the participation of synthesized catalytic series, occurs by stepwise and associative mechanisms. The oxidation of CO and C3H8required a high oxygen content of 1:20–25 mol. Besides utilizing carbon monoxide in exhaust gases from motor vehicles, these catalytic systems can be successfully used to neutralize industrial gases, especially those emitted from oil refineries and thermal power plants. Preliminary research has shown that these catalytic systems can operate for about 50000 hours without changing the activity.

scholarly journals Air pollution as the cause of urban stress. A case study: Nemanjica Boulevard, Nis, Serbia

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 403-412
Author(s):  
Milos Petrovic ◽  
Slavisa Trajkovic
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Boundary Values ◽  
Exhaust Gases ◽  
Legal Limits ◽  
Healthy Functioning ◽  
Code Book ◽  
Urban Stress

Topic of this paper is air pollution as a cause of urban stress. This problem is analyzed within a case study in Bulevar Nemanjica in Nis. For the observed location, the measurements were conducted in a period of eight months (May 2007 - June 2007) by the Health Protection Institute in Nis. Motor traffic exhaust gases which were observed were: carbon-monoxide (CO), nitro-oxide (Nox) formaldehyde (HCHO). Measurements were taken at "Bulevar" green market, b standard methodology prescribed by the boundary values code book, immision measurement method, criteria for creation of measuring points and data records. Concentration of exhaust gases of motor vehicles did not exceed permissible limits, except carbon monoxide in May, while it continued to decrease and remained within the legal limits. If the Mediana - Bulevar Nemanjica location was enriched by green surface and pedestrian zones, this would lead to the decrease of exhaust gases concentration. That would prevent endangering environment and facilitate its healthy functioning.

scholarly journals Development of water deaeration technologies with boiler exhaust gases

2021 ◽  
Vol 2039 (1) ◽  
pp. 012036
Author(s):  
M M Zamaleev ◽  
V N Kovalnogov ◽  
R I Kamalova ◽  
O V Pazushkina
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Heat And Mass Transfer ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Transfer Efficiency ◽  
Thermal Power Plants ◽  
Exhaust Gases ◽  
Mass Transfer Efficiency ◽  
The Media ◽  
Water Deaeration

Abstract The calculation of the heat and mass transfer efficiency of the proposed technology for deaeration of water by the exhaust gases of a gas-proof boiler in deaerators of serial design has been performed. The conditions and criterial values of the media consumption in the apparatus have been studied. It is shown that the technology can be successfully applied in operating thermal power plants.

The effect of water vapor emissions from the operation of thermal power plants, boiler houses and motor vehicles on local climatic changes and the climate adaptation of a megalopolis using the example of Moscow

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 190-199
Author(s):  
E. G. Gasho ◽  
S. V. Guzhov ◽  
A. S. Beloborodova ◽  
N. V. Gukova
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapor ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Climate Adaptation ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Thermal Power Plants ◽  
The City

Being a large consumer of energy resources, the Moscow metropolis significantly changes the climate of its agglomeration. Climatic indicators changing in the medium term have an impact on each of the industries of the metropolis. The most common type of destructive effect is the temperature and humidity deformation of coatings, as a result of which the materials of the building envelope are rapidly destroyed under the influence of positive and negative temperatures. Both thermal pollution and emissions of greenhouse gases and water vapor produce adverse effects. The purpose of this article is to determine the degree of influence of these emissions on climate formation, as well as the possibility of their compensation by Moscow's green spaces. The tasks of analyzing trends in the absolute humidity of air depending on the additional volume of water vapor produced during the combustion of fuel at thermal power plants and in boiler rooms, the functioning of cooling towers, and the operation of motor vehicles are considered in sequence. The dependence of the actual number of clear days on air temperature is analyzed. The months with the longest covered sky are identified. The processes of cloud formation and changes in air temperature depending on the height and conditions of the city are determined. The formation of an area with an increased air temperature at an altitude of 60 to 400 meters above the city territory as a result of heat emissions is demonstrated. The dynamics and reserves of reducing greenhouse gas emissions are analyzed. The efficiency of the implementation of the state policy in the field of energy conservation and energy efficiency, which is focused primarily on the modernization of the power equipment of urban thermal power plants with the installation of modern combined-cycle power units, is shown. The insufficiency of the compensation mechanism of photosynthesis is demonstrated. The ways of climatic adaptation of the megalopolis are shown. Energy-saving measures to reduce gas consumption at sources of thermal energy are identified and the effects of their implementation are evaluated.

scholarly journals Recent advances in supported molecular sieve catalysts with wide temperature range for selective catalytic reduction of NOX with C3H6

RSC Advances ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 824-838 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junqiang Xu ◽  
Honglin Wang ◽  
Fang Guo ◽  
Chuan Zhang ◽  
Jiaqing Xie
Keyword(s):  
Wide Temperature Range ◽  
Molecular Sieve ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Catalytic Reduction ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Thermal Power Plants ◽  
Atmospheric Pollutant ◽  
Reduction Of Nox ◽  
Industrial Boilers

NOX is a major atmospheric pollutant that is emanated by motor vehicles, thermal power plants, and industrial boilers.

Automatic Control and Regulation Systems for Heat and Power Plants

2021 ◽  
pp. 94-123
Author(s):  
V.A. Markov
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Thermal Power Plants ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Exhaust Gases ◽  
Systems Research ◽  
Modern Control

The modern stringent requirements for fuel efficiency, exhaust gases toxicity and dynamic performance can only be met by equipping thermal power plants with modern control and regulation systems. Thermal power plants based on internal combustion engines have found the greatest application. They are used in different fields --- automobile and railway transport, agricultural, road-building and forestry machines, in ship-building, aviation, stationary power plants. The analysis of the main directions for further improvement of thermal power plants with internal combustion engines and their automated control and regulation systems has been carried out. Among these directions are an expansion of functional capabilities in such systems, improvement of control and regulation processes quality and their use at adaptation of thermal power plants to work on alternative fuels. The important aspects for improvement of thermal power plants with internal combustion engines are the necessity of studying the working processes of engines and their systems in order to decrease the exhaust gases toxicity. The relevance of these systems research is shown and the evaluation of the current level in their development is made. A characteristic feature of modern control and regulation systems of thermal power plants is their widespread construction on modern microprocessor element base The paper was based on the materials of the reports of the all-Russian scientific and technical conference n.a. Professor V.I. Krutov (27.01.2021)

CATALYTIC OXIDATION OF CARBON MONOXIDE PRESENT IN LOW CONCENTRATIONS

1960 ◽  
Vol 38 (10) ◽  
pp. 1990-1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Sourirajan ◽  
Mauro A. Accomazzo
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Catalytic Oxidation ◽  
Oxidation Of Co ◽  
Entire Concentration Range ◽  
Engine Operation ◽  
Exhaust Gases ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Gas Space ◽  
Order Rate Equation ◽  
Oxidation Of Carbon Monoxide

The oxidation of carbon monoxide present in low concentrations has been studied in the presence of the CuO–Al2O3 (1:1) catalyst using 1,000–10,000 p.p.m. of CO in air in the temperature range 120°–322 °C, and gas space velocities ranging from 8,000–16,000 hr−1. It was found that for the entire concentration range studied, the percentage of oxidation of CO at a given temperature was independent of its initial concentration and at temperatures above 200 °C, more than 95% of CO was removed by oxidation at all gas space velocities up to 16,000 hr−1. A simple first-order rate equation was found to fit the experimental data well. The presence of water vapor in the reactant gas was found to have no effect on the efficiency of the catalyst at temperatures above 225 °C. The possible practical utility of the above catalyst for the removal of carbon monoxide present in auto exhaust gases was tested using a six-cylinder Chevrolet engine run on leaded gasoline fuel. It was found that under all conditions of engine operation, more than 99% of carbon monoxide present in the exhaust gases was removed by catalytic oxidation when the initial temperature of the catalyst bed was kept at or above 220 °C.

scholarly journals MINIMIZATION OF TOXIC EMISSIONS DURING BURNING LOW-GRADE FUEL AT KAZAKHSTAN THERMAL POWER PLANT

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 206-213
Author(s):  
Aliya Askarova ◽  
Pavel Šafařík ◽  
Aizhan Nugymanova ◽  
Saltanat Bolegenova ◽  
Valeriy Maximov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Temperature Fields ◽  
Base Case ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Entire Volume ◽  
Pulverized Fuel

This paper presents new results of computational experiments on the implementation of Overfire Air (OFA) technologies using an example of a combustion chamber of the BKZ-75 boiler of the Shakhtinskaya power plant (Shakhtinsk, Kazakhstan) burning high-ash Karaganda coal. The effect of mass air flow through special nozzles located above the burner level on the flow aerodynamics, temperature fields, concentration fields of carbon monoxide CO and nitrogen NO over the entire volume of the combustion chamber was studied. The studied characteristics were compared for various percentages of supplying additional air through OFA injectors: OFA is 0% (basic version), 10% and 18 %. It was shown that the installation of OFA injectors leads to a change in the field of the total velocity vector, temperature, and concentrations of carbon oxides and nitrogen. An increase in the percentage of air supplied through OFA injectors to 18% leads to a decrease in the concentrations of carbon monoxide CO by about 36% and nitrogen oxide NO by 25% compared with the base case. The obtained results will optimize the process of burning pulverized fuel in the combustion chamber of the BKZ-75 boiler, increase the efficiency of fuel burnout, reduce harmful emissions and introduce OFAtechnology at other coal-burning thermal power plants.

A Review on Utilization of Fly- Ash and Pond-Ash as a Partial Replacement of Cement in Concrete Mix Design

2018 ◽  
pp. 413-418
Author(s):  
Harshkumar Patel ◽  
Yogesh Patel
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Strength Test ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Pond Ash ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Ash Disposal

Now-a-days energy planners are aiming to increase the use of renewable energy sources and nuclear to meet the electricity generation. But till now coal-based power plants are the major source of electricity generation. Disadvantages of coal-based thermal power plants is disposal problem of fly ash and pond ash. It was earlier considered as a total waste and environmental hazard thus its use was limited, but now its useful properties have been known as raw material for various application in construction field. Fly ash from the thermal plants is available in large quantities in fine and coarse form. Fine fly ash is used in construction industry in some amount and coarse fly ash is subsequently disposed over land in slurry forms. In India around 180 MT fly is produced and only around 45% of that is being utilized in different sectors. Balance fly ash is being disposed over land. It needs one acre of land for ash disposal to produce 1MW electricity from coal. Fly ash and pond ash utilization helps to reduce the consumption of natural resources. The fly ash became available in coal based thermal power station in the year 1930 in USA. For its gainful utilization, scientist started research activities and in the year 1937, R.E. Davis and his associates at university of California published research details on use of fly ash in cement concrete. This research had laid foundation for its specification, testing & usages. This study reports the potential use of pond-ash and fly-ash as cement in concrete mixes. In this present study of concrete produced using fly ash, pond ash and OPC 53 grade will be carried. An attempt will be made to investigate characteristics of OPC concrete with combined fly ash and pond ash mixed concrete for Compressive Strength test, Split Tensile Strength test, Flexural Strength test and Durability tests. This paper deals with the review of literature for fly-ash and pond-ash as partial replacement of cement in concrete.

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