Developing a High-Resolution Vehicular Emission Inventory by Integrating an Emission Model and a Traffic Model: Part 1—Modeling Fuel Consumption and Emissions Based on Speed and Vehicle-Specific Power

Finite element model (FEM)-based simulations are conducted for the application of a thermoelectric generator (TEG) between the hot core stream and the cool bypass flow at the nozzle of an aviation turbofan engine. This work reports the resulting requirements on the TEG design with respect to applied thermoelectric (TE) element lengths and filling factors (F) of the TE modules in order to achieve a positive effect on the specific fuel consumption. Assuming a virtual optimized TE material and varying the convective heat transfer coefficients (HTC) between the nozzle surfaces and the gas flows, this work reports the achievable power output. System-level requirement on the gravimetric power density (>100 Wkg−1) can only be met for F ≤ 21%. When extrapolating TEG coverage to the full nozzle surface, the power output reaches 1.65 kW per engine. The assessment of further potential for power generation is demonstrated by a parametric study on F, convective HTC, and materials performance. This study confirms a feasible design range for TEG installation on the aircraft nozzle with a positive impact on the fuel consumption. This application translates into a reduction of operational costs, allowing for an economically efficient TEG-installation with respect to the cost-specific power output of modern thermoelectric materials.

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Identifying hotspots based on high-resolution emission inventory of volatile organic compounds: A case study in China

Journal of Environmental Management ◽

10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112419 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 288 ◽

pp. 112419

Author(s):

Xin Liu ◽

Foyou Yan ◽

Hui Hua ◽

Zengwei Yuan

Keyword(s):

High Resolution ◽

Volatile Organic Compounds ◽

Organic Compounds ◽

Emission Inventory ◽

Volatile Organic

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TNO-MACC_II emission inventory; a multi-year (2003–2009) consistent high-resolution European emission inventory for air quality modelling

Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ◽

10.5194/acp-14-10963-2014 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 14 (20) ◽

pp. 10963-10976 ◽

Cited By ~ 200

Author(s):

J. J. P. Kuenen ◽

A. J. H. Visschedijk ◽

M. Jozwicka ◽

H. A. C. Denier van der Gon

Keyword(s):

Particulate Matter ◽

Air Quality ◽

High Resolution ◽

Emission Inventory ◽

Point Sources ◽

Air Quality Modelling ◽

Emission Data ◽

Data Set ◽

Spatially Distributed ◽

Reported Data

Abstract. Emissions to air are reported by countries to EMEP. The emissions data are used for country compliance checking with EU emission ceilings and associated emission reductions. The emissions data are also necessary as input for air quality modelling. The quality of these "official" emissions varies across Europe. As alternative to these official emissions, a spatially explicit high-resolution emission inventory (7 × 7 km) for UNECE-Europe for all years between 2003 and 2009 for the main air pollutants was made. The primary goal was to supply air quality modellers with the input they need. The inventory was constructed by using the reported emission national totals by sector where the quality is sufficient. The reported data were analysed by sector in detail, and completed with alternative emission estimates as needed. This resulted in a complete emission inventory for all countries. For particulate matter, for each source emissions have been split in coarse and fine particulate matter, and further disaggregated to EC, OC, SO4, Na and other minerals using fractions based on the literature. Doing this at the most detailed sectoral level in the database implies that a consistent set was obtained across Europe. This allows better comparisons with observational data which can, through feedback, help to further identify uncertain sources and/or support emission inventory improvements for this highly uncertain pollutant. The resulting emission data set was spatially distributed consistently across all countries by using proxy parameters. Point sources were spatially distributed using the specific location of the point source. The spatial distribution for the point sources was made year-specific. The TNO-MACC_II is an update of the TNO-MACC emission data set. Major updates included the time extension towards 2009, use of the latest available reported data (including updates and corrections made until early 2012) and updates in distribution maps.

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Effects of adaptive and cooperative adaptive cruise control on the fuel consumption and emissions at the signalized intersection

Modern Physics Letters B ◽

10.1142/s0217984918503967 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 32 (32) ◽

pp. 1850396 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Hongjun Cui ◽

Jiangke Xing ◽

Xia Li ◽

Minqing Zhu

Keyword(s):

Fuel Consumption ◽

Red Light ◽

Signalized Intersection ◽

Environmental Benefit ◽

Cruise Control ◽

Car Following ◽

Vehicle Type ◽

Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control ◽

Car Following Model ◽

Fuel Consumption And Emissions

In this paper, the HDM car-following model, the IIDM car-following model and the IDM car-following model with a constant-acceleration heuristic is utilized to explore the effects of ACC/CACC on the fuel consumption and emissionsat the signalized intersection. Two simulation experiments are studied: (i) one with free road ahead and (ii) the second with a red light 300 m downstream at the second intersection. The numerical results show that CACC vehicle is the best vehicle type among the three vehicle types from the perspective of vehicle’s cumulative fuel consumptions and cumulative exhaust emissions. The results of this paper also suggest a very high environmental benefit of ACC/CACC at little or no cost in infrastructure.

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Simulative Investigation of the Influence of a Rankine Cycle Based Waste Heat Utilization System on Fuel Consumption and Emissions for Heavy Duty Utility Vehicles

Energy and Thermal Management, Air-Conditioning, and Waste Heat Utilization ◽

10.1007/978-3-030-00819-2_13 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 172-193

Author(s):

Kangyi Yang ◽

Michael Grill ◽

Michael Bargende

Keyword(s):

Fuel Consumption ◽

Waste Heat ◽

Rankine Cycle ◽

Heavy Duty ◽

Heat Utilization ◽

Waste Heat Utilization ◽

Fuel Consumption And Emissions

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Analysis of energy consumption and emission of the heterogeneous traffic flow consisting of traditional vehicles and electric vehicles

Modern Physics Letters B ◽

10.1142/s0217984917503249 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 31 (34) ◽

pp. 1750324 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Hong Xiao ◽

Hai-Jun Huang ◽

Tie-Qiao Tang

Keyword(s):

Energy Consumption ◽

Fuel Consumption ◽

Electric Vehicle ◽

Traffic Flow ◽

Small Perturbation ◽

Electric Vehicles ◽

Electricity Consumption ◽

Heterogeneous Traffic ◽

Rarefaction Waves ◽

Fuel Consumption And Emissions

Electric vehicle (EV) has become a potential traffic tool, which has attracted researchers to explore various traffic phenomena caused by EV (e.g. congestion, electricity consumption, etc.). In this paper, we study the energy consumption (including the fuel consumption and the electricity consumption) and emissions of heterogeneous traffic flow (that consists of the traditional vehicle (TV) and EV) under three traffic situations (i.e. uniform flow, shock and rarefaction waves, and a small perturbation) from the perspective of macro traffic flow. The numerical results show that the proportion of electric vehicular flow has great effects on the TV’s fuel consumption and emissions and the EV’s electricity consumption, i.e. the fuel consumption and emissions decrease while the electricity consumption increases with the increase of the proportion of electric vehicular flow. The results can help us better understand the energy consumption and emissions of the heterogeneous traffic flow consisting of TV and EV.

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